The main trends of the development of the world postal communication market are examined. Com-parative analogies of mail marketing are conducted including in Arab and ex-USSR countries. The growing gaps between the development of the real economy and e-commerce in developing countries are confirmed and some basic directions for development of mail business are determined. The marketing strategies of postal operators are analyzed and the possible options for their adjustment are proposed. Mail services are in demand in a modern society and consequently postal operators should be constantly improved. The world has developed a set of rules for international postal items and recommendations for conducting mail business for developing countries. The purpose of the study is to clarify the marketing concept for postal operators in developing countries in modern conditions. The result of the study identifies the main trends for the development of the postal communication market in the world, namely: direct mail services, financial sector services and logistics. On the basis of the development of modern postal operators, e-entrepreneurship is actively developing, which creates the prerequisites for creating fundamentally new types of structures that combine the characteristics of a financial institution, a post office, an entrepreneurial and logistics center. Comparative analogies of mail marketing are conducted, which allowed the development of recommendations for adjusting marketing strategies in developing countries.

The purpose of this paper is to identify the relationship between the determinants of internationalisation and innovation on balanced scorecard (BSC) among Malaysian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Internationalisation covers the dimensions of knowledge, trust, commitment and opportunity development, which can benefit the firm performance in Malaysia by increasing the involvement of SMEs in international business activities. A sample of 202 firms was considered for this study and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used. The dimensions of knowledge, trust, commitment and opportunity development were observed to examine the proposed hypotheses. The results indicate that internationalisation as a whole; such as knowledge, trust, commitment and opportunity development played an important role in innovation and balanced scorecard among Ma-laysian SMEs. However, this also can solve the existing myth of a role in the internationalisation on innovation towards a balanced scorecard of SMEs in Malaysia because family businesses are a critical pillar of many Malaysian enterprises. Therefore, this research conveys an understanding to the owners and managers to quickly achieve innovation and balanced scorecard results. Finally, this study brings some conclusions to the policy makers and regulators as well.

Industry 4.0 drives enterprises to transform their capabilities especially in innovation and their capabilities to adapt with dynamic market. The capabilities can be fostered when the leader is oriented towards digital technology and market orientation. The role of digital leadership has gained attention for studies to develop innovation and dynamic capabilities based on market orientation. Studies have been conducted on dynamic capabilities with focus on the strategy, management and economic literature including the understanding of its driving key to success. However, the study on the role of digital leadership on the development of dynamic capability based on innovation capability and market orientation has not been intensively discussed. It is argued that the development of dynamic capability and innovation capability is strongly driven from a combination of digital leadership and market orientation. Data in this study is taken from a survey conducted on 88 Indonesian telecom-munication firms as a unit for analyses. The results show that digital leadership had a strong direct and indirect relationship with dynamic capability, however the strong path in developing capability is determined from the development of innovation capability that is driven from digital leadership based on market orientation. The finding reinforces the role of digital leadership as a critical influence on development of dynamic capability. Future studies are suggested to extend the research by exploring the research model to elaborate more on the impact of collaboration, leveraging a larger sample size and better statistical tools. A longitudinal study on the companies that implement the transformation based on dynamic capabilities is also recommended for future studies.

This research aims to analyze the relationship between interpersonal intelligence and prosocial behavior among students of elementary school. As a case study, it takes 156 students of an elementary school in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia as participants aged 10-12 years old. The result shows positive and significant correlation between interpersonal intelligence and prosocial behavior among participants, as shown by coefficient of correlation r=0.722 and p=0.000. Three aspects of interpersonal intelligence also show significant correlation with prosocial behavior. The finding suggests the need of school endeavor to improve environment that enhance interpersonal intelligence and prosocial behavior. Furthermore, the finding also suggests the importance of counseling teachers to develop students’ interpersonal relation skills to enhance their interpersonal intelligence. As interpersonal intelligence was enhanced in school environment, prosocial behavior is expected to be improved in students’ daily life.

The research paper deals with the formation of new scientific solutions regarding the assessment of the impact of stimulating innovation activity on ensuring the strategic development of enterprises in the motor transport sector of transport industries in key countries of the post-Soviet economic space (Ukraine, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan). The study reveals the relationship between the strategic development of a motor transport enterprise and its innovative activity, where the latter is the tool for such development. An assessment of the development of the transport industry and its motor transport sector in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan indicates that there is a crisis both in the industry and in the sector, and that there is a need to improve the competitiveness of transport enterprises, especially given the growing influence of motor transport on national economies under research. It is proved that the effective functioning of road transport enterprises in domestic and foreign service markets is possible only by ensuring their own strategic development, which is based on increasing innovation activity, which requires the use of appropriate incentives. Significant prob-lems of stimulating innovative activity at Ukrainian, Russian, Belarusian, and Kazakhstan motor transport enterprises have been revealed, and ways of solving the identified problems have been de-veloped, taking into account the use of mathematical tools for evaluating the developed improvements.

Time management is very important for human being and organizations and it is a precious asset for achieving desire performance and accomplish duties. Fresh water is also another important valuable resource on the earth. Water provides many benefits for organizations, nature, human and plays an important role for development of economies. The aim of this study is to identify the effects of time management strategies on employee performance in Yarmouk Water Company in Jordan. In this study, time management strategies consists of five factors; namely fulfillment obligations strategy, time organizing strategy, utilization of resources, time planning strategy and priorities status strate-gy. The study population consists of 66 directors and heads of departments working for Yarmouk Water Company in Jordan. The study sends a designed questionnaire in Likert scale to all the popu-lation, manages to receive 62 and by excluding incomplete questionnaires 57 questionnaires are ana-lyzed representing approximately 86% of the survey. Using some statistical tests, the study indicates that all five factors; namely fulfillment obligations strategy, time planning strategy, utilization of the resources, time organizing strategy and priorities status strategy of resources positively influence on employee performance. There is also a positive altitude from study sample towards time management strategies. As recommendation, the employees must distinguish between important and unimportant tasks, the employees should determine the goals before starting the work, the managers must delegate some tasks to subordinates, and the employees pay attention to complete their work on time, The researcher recommends conducting further studies about the impact of time management strategy on employees’ performance efficiency from the view of customers perspective.

Public accountants play important role for development of business activities. Malaysia needs as many as 60,000 qualified accountants in year 2020 but only half of the figure is presently achieved. This paper tries to identify motivational factors influencing on accounting students to become Certified Public Accountant (CPA). The objective of this paper is to analyze the influence of Quality Motivation, Economic Motivation, Social Motivation, Career Motivation influencing on CPA qualification. The method of collecting data is questionnaire by using a sample of 85 students at Management and Science University, Malaysia and Smart PLS is used in analyzing this research. The results indicate a positive influence on quality motivation, social motivation, and career motivation on the interest in taking the CPA while economic motivation has no influence on the interest in taking the CPA in this paper. In other words, the factors describe approximately 89% of the changes of dependent variable (CPA).

At present, the global community uses a variety of indicators to assess the national brand and determine the country’s position relative to others’: Brand Finance’s Country Brand Index, Future-Brand’s Country Brand Index, Anholt’s Nation Brands Index, Bloom Consulting’s Country Brand Ranking, Global Competitiveness Index and so on. It is, however, appropriate to use the spatial set of brand and global competitiveness indexes combined with strategic analysis and planning models to develop country brand management models. This approach is based on the objective assessment and building of the integral Country Brand Index (CBI), distinguishing the main components affect-ing global competitiveness - macroeconomic, social, corporate and innovation components, as well as the analysis of the contribution of factors. This makes it possible to determine the position of countries in the world on the basis of comparison of the CBIs with the Global competitiveness Index, as well as quantitatively characterize the contributions of key factors forming the CBI in order to formulate appropriate strategies depending on the position of the country in the world. According to the author, the application of the proposed method will strengthen the soundness of determining the factors influencing on the county brand, enrich the theoretical and methodological principles of analysis of the country brand in the context of global competitiveness, expand the information base and increase the effectiveness of state policy in the field of forming a national branding strategy.

The stock prices of mining companies are affected by several factors, such as world oil price, inflation, exchange rate, and Price to Earnings Ratio (PER), political affairs, basic metal prices, etc. The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of some factors influencing the stock prices of the mining companies including Price to Earnings Ratio (PER), world oil price, inflation, and exchange rate. Secondary data from Annual Reports of Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), Energy Information Administration (EIA), and Bank Indonesia are used as the sources of data analysis. 35 mining companies are selected as samples from four mining sub-sectors; namely coal, oil & gas, other metal & mineral, and rock. The results are analyzed by using panel data regression analysis model through applying EVIEWS 10. The results indicate that Price to Earnings Ratio (PER) and world oil price had positive and significant effects on stock price. Moreover, inflation has negative and significant effect on the stock price while exchange rate has no significant effect on stock price.

The paper addressed the following research problem: Is the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) a suitable method of measuring and improving the performance of a company? Is it possible to calculate the goal values of the key performance indicators based on the BSC (Balanced Scorecard) principles using the DEA results? Is it possible to link the results of the BSC method and the DEA method to increase business performance? The aim of the research was to find out which financial indicators of the company are key performance indicators. We selected the key performance indicators using the BSC principles. These indicators were then applied as inputs/outputs in the DEA model. The partial aim was also to propose goal values for selected key performance indicators. The analysis was carried out on a sample of companies operating in the sphere of heat industry in Slovakia. The sample was created to represent businesses that have problems with their performance as well as those who do not have any problem. When choosing the sample, we made use of Altman's Z-score. We then calculated the values of the selected financial indicators. The correlation matrix and the BSC principles were applied to select key performance indicators. We also made use of the DEA method. This nonparametric method can be applied in the field of business efficiency, financial health, and performance evaluation. The DEA CCR input-oriented model was designed. We see the application of the DEA method in assessing financial health and performance of a company as well as the DEA CCR model itself as the main contributions of this paper. The research also paid attention to the calculation of the goal values of key performance indicators that enter the BSC as goal values. Using these goal values, a company may become more stable and therefore competitive. This research confirmed the possibility of integrating BSC and DEA.