Processing, Please wait...

  • Home
  • About Us
  • Search:
  • Advanced Search

Growing Science » Management Science Letters » To pay or not to pay: Measuring the effect of religiosity in the ABC theory

Journals

  • IJIEC (747)
  • MSL (2643)
  • DSL (668)
  • CCL (508)
  • USCM (1092)
  • ESM (413)
  • AC (562)
  • JPM (271)
  • IJDS (912)
  • JFS (91)
  • HE (32)
  • SCI (26)

MSL Volumes

    • Volume 1 (70)
      • Issue 1 (10)
      • Issue 2 (15)
      • Issue 3 (20)
      • Issue 4 (25)
    • Volume 2 (365)
      • Issue 1 (51)
      • Issue 2 (32)
      • Issue 3 (40)
      • Issue 4 (44)
      • Issue 5 (42)
      • Issue 6 (52)
      • Issue 7 (53)
      • Issue 8 (51)
    • Volume 3 (426)
      • Issue 1 (40)
      • Issue 2 (47)
      • Issue 3 (40)
      • Issue 4 (40)
      • Issue 5 (27)
      • Issue 6 (50)
      • Issue 7 (51)
      • Issue 8 (30)
      • Issue 9 (24)
      • Issue 10 (25)
      • Issue 11 (25)
      • Issue 12 (27)
    • Volume 4 (387)
      • Issue 1 (34)
      • Issue 2 (30)
      • Issue 3 (34)
      • Issue 4 (42)
      • Issue 5 (33)
      • Issue 6 (43)
      • Issue 7 (42)
      • Issue 8 (40)
      • Issue 9 (39)
      • Issue 10 (20)
      • Issue 11 (18)
      • Issue 12 (12)
    • Volume 5 (129)
      • Issue 1 (15)
      • Issue 2 (10)
      • Issue 3 (10)
      • Issue 4 (12)
      • Issue 5 (14)
      • Issue 6 (14)
      • Issue 7 (8)
      • Issue 8 (8)
      • Issue 9 (11)
      • Issue 10 (8)
      • Issue 11 (9)
      • Issue 12 (10)
    • Volume 6 (74)
      • Issue 1 (9)
      • Issue 2 (6)
      • Issue 3 (6)
      • Issue 4 (7)
      • Issue 5 (6)
      • Issue 6 (6)
      • Issue 7 (8)
      • Issue 8 (6)
      • Issue 9 (5)
      • Issue 10 (5)
      • Issue 11 (5)
      • Issue 12 (5)
    • Volume 7 (54)
      • Issue 1 (5)
      • Issue 2 (5)
      • Issue 3 (5)
      • Issue 4 (5)
      • Issue 5 (5)
      • Issue 6 (5)
      • Issue 7 (4)
      • Issue 8 (4)
      • Issue 9 (4)
      • Issue 10 (4)
      • Issue 11 (4)
      • Issue 12 (4)
    • Volume 8 (119)
      • Issue 1 (5)
      • Issue 2 (5)
      • Issue 3 (5)
      • Issue 4 (5)
      • Issue 5 (22)
      • Issue 6 (20)
      • Issue 7 (6)
      • Issue 8 (6)
      • Issue 9 (8)
      • Issue 10 (10)
      • Issue 11 (11)
      • Issue 12 (16)
    • Volume 9 (208)
      • Issue 1 (16)
      • Issue 2 (14)
      • Issue 3 (11)
      • Issue 4 (12)
      • Issue 5 (12)
      • Issue 6 (16)
      • Issue 7 (16)
      • Issue 8 (16)
      • Issue 9 (16)
      • Issue 10 (16)
      • Issue 11 (19)
      • Issue 12 (20)
      • Issue 13 (24)
    • Volume 10 (448)
      • Issue 1 (24)
      • Issue 2 (25)
      • Issue 3 (24)
      • Issue 4 (25)
      • Issue 5 (26)
      • Issue 6 (26)
      • Issue 7 (25)
      • Issue 8 (27)
      • Issue 9 (27)
      • Issue 10 (30)
      • Issue 11 (33)
      • Issue 12 (30)
      • Issue 13 (30)
      • Issue 14 (30)
      • Issue 15 (30)
      • Issue 16 (36)
    • Volume 11 (251)
      • Issue 1 (36)
      • Issue 2 (39)
      • Issue 3 (40)
      • Issue 4 (40)
      • Issue 5 (29)
      • Issue 6 (27)
      • Issue 7 (20)
      • Issue 8 (12)
      • Issue 9 (8)
    • Volume 12 (33)
      • Issue 1 (6)
      • Issue 2 (6)
      • Issue 3 (8)
      • Issue 4 (13)
    • Volume 13 (27)
      • Issue 1 (7)
      • Issue 2 (8)
      • Issue 3 (5)
      • Issue 4 (7)
    • Volume 14 (22)
      • Issue 1 (6)
      • Issue 2 (6)
      • Issue 3 (5)
      • Issue 4 (5)
    • Volume 15 (24)
      • Issue 1 (5)
      • Issue 2 (5)
      • Issue 3 (5)
      • Issue 4 (9)
    • Volume 16 (6)
      • Issue 1 (6)

Keywords

Supply chain management(166)
Jordan(161)
Vietnam(149)
Customer satisfaction(120)
Performance(113)
Supply chain(110)
Service quality(98)
Competitive advantage(95)
Tehran Stock Exchange(94)
SMEs(87)
optimization(86)
Financial performance(83)
Trust(83)
TOPSIS(83)
Sustainability(81)
Job satisfaction(80)
Factor analysis(78)
Social media(78)
Knowledge Management(77)
Artificial intelligence(77)


» Show all keywords

Authors

Naser Azad(82)
Mohammad Reza Iravani(64)
Zeplin Jiwa Husada Tarigan(63)
Endri Endri(45)
Muhammad Alshurideh(42)
Hotlan Siagian(39)
Jumadil Saputra(36)
Dmaithan Almajali(36)
Muhammad Turki Alshurideh(35)
Barween Al Kurdi(32)
Ahmad Makui(32)
Basrowi Basrowi(31)
Hassan Ghodrati(31)
Mohammad Khodaei Valahzaghard(30)
Sautma Ronni Basana(29)
Shankar Chakraborty(29)
Ni Nyoman Kerti Yasa(29)
Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash Al-Hawary(28)
Prasadja Ricardianto(28)
Haitham M. Alzoubi(27)


» Show all authors

Countries

Iran(2183)
Indonesia(1290)
India(787)
Jordan(786)
Vietnam(504)
Saudi Arabia(453)
Malaysia(441)
United Arab Emirates(220)
China(206)
Thailand(153)
United States(111)
Turkey(106)
Ukraine(104)
Egypt(98)
Canada(92)
Peru(88)
Pakistan(85)
United Kingdom(80)
Morocco(79)
Nigeria(78)


» Show all countries

Management Science Letters

ISSN 1923-9343 (Online) - ISSN 1923-9335 (Print)
Quarterly Publication
Volume 11 Issue 3 pp. 795-806 , 2021

To pay or not to pay: Measuring the effect of religiosity in the ABC theory Pages 795-806 Right click to download the paper Download PDF

Authors: Abdul Hafaz Ngah, Serge Garbarre, Jagan Jeevan, Nurul Haqimin Mohd Salleh, Rudiah Md Hanafiah

DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2020.10.026

Keywords: Halal Transportation, Willingness to Pay, Mediation, Moderation, ABC Model

Abstract: This study identifies the role of religiosity in the willingness to pay for halal transportation among Muslim consumers in Malaysia by applying the ABC theory. Applying a purposive sampling method, data were gathered from questionnaires distributed to Muslim consumers at malls in Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya. From 250 Muslims who were approached, 200 respondents agreed to answer the questionnaire. SMART-PLS 3.3.2. was used to analyse the data for this study using a Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach. Out of six direct hypotheses tested, five hypotheses were found supported. From four hypotheses on mediation, only one was found as unsupported. Religiosity was found to have a moderation effect between knowledge and the WTP for halal transportation. The findings provide useful information on the WTP for halal transportation. Related parties such as governments, halal transport service providers and customers can use these findings to plan further actions in order to enhance the WTP for halal transportation. The study reveals the capability of the ABC theory to identify the factors of the WTP for halal transportation among Muslim consumers in Malaysia. The findings also show the moderation effects of religiosity on the WTP for halal transportation. The study also incorporates awareness as a mediator and as a sequential mediator within the model. The findings also enrich the literature on the WTP in halal studies.

How to cite this paper
Ngah, A., Garbarre, S., Jeevan, J., Salleh, N & Hanafiah, R. (2021). To pay or not to pay: Measuring the effect of religiosity in the ABC theory.Management Science Letters , 11(3), 795-806.

Refrences
Ab Talib, M. S., & Ai Chin, T. (2018). Halal food standard implementation: are Malaysian firms proactive or reactive? British Food Journal, 120(6), 1330–1343. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-07-2017-0366
Abd Aziz, N. A., & Noh, M. K. A. (2019). Factors influencing willingness to contribute for waqf education. International Journal of Modern Education, 1(2), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijmoe.12004
Abd Rahman, A., Asrarhaghighi, E., & Ab Rahman, S. (2015). Consumers and halal cosmetic products: Knowledge, relig-iosity, attitude and intention. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 6(1), 148–163. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-09-2013-0068
Ahmed, W., Najmi, A., Faizan, H. M., & Ahmed, S. (2018, February 4). Consumer behaviour towards willingness to pay for Halal products: An assessment of demand for Halal certification in a Muslim country. British Food Journal, 121(2), 492–504. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-02-2018-0085
Alqudsi, S. G. (2014). Awareness and Demand for 100% Halal Supply Chain Meat Products. Procedia - Social and Behav-ioral Sciences, 130, 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.04.021
Asri NM, & Ngah, A. H. (2018). Contributing Factors of Consumer Willingness to Pay For Halal Transportation Cost. Proceeding Advance in Transportation and Logistics Research, 838–850.
Aziz, Y. A., & Chok, N. V. (2013). The Role of Halal Awareness, Halal Certification, and Marketing Components in De-termining Halal Purchase Intention Among Non-Muslims in Malaysia: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Journal of International Food and Agribusiness Marketing, 25(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/08974438.2013.723997
Azmi, F. R., Abdullah, A., Yahaya, S. H., Woźniak, M., & Purnomo, M. R. A. (2019). Adoption of halal standard in ma-laysian food industry: a case of small and medium enterprises. Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 13(3).
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations. In Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (Vol. 51, Issue 6).
Bernerth, J. B., & Aguinis, H. (2016). A Critical Review and Best-Practice Recommendations for Control Variable Usage. Personnel Psychology, 69(1), 229–283. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12103
Bukhari, S. F. H., Woodside, F. M., Hassan, R., Shaikh, A. L., Hussain, S., Mazhar, W., (2019). Is religiosity an important consideration in Muslim consumer behavior: Exploratory study in the context of western imported food in Pakistan. Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/ddoi.org/10.1108/JIMA-01-2018-0006
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power for the social sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Laurence Erlbaum and Associates.
Diamantopoulos, A., & Siguaw, J. A. (2006). Formative versus reflective indicators in organizational measure develop-ment: A comparison and empirical illustration. British Journal of Management, 17(4), 263–282. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2006.00500.x
Fathi, E., Zailani, S., Iranmanesh, M., & Kanapathy, K. (2016). Drivers of consumers’ willingness to pay for halal logis-tics. British Food Journal, 118(2), 464–479. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-06-2015-0212
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2011). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. In Predicting and Changing Behavior: The Reasoned Action Approach. Taylor and Francis. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203838020
Foroudi, P. (2019). Influence of brand signature, brand awareness, brand attitude, brand reputation on hotel industry’s brand performance. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76, 271–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2018.05.016
Franke, G., & Sarstedt, M. (2019). Heuristics versus statistics in discriminant validity testing: a comparison of four pro-cedures. Internet Research, 431–447. https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-12-2017-0515
Garg, P., & Joshi, R. (2018). Purchase intention of “Halal” brands in India: the mediating effect of attitude. Journal of Is-lamic Marketing, 9(3), 683–694. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-11-2017-0125
Goh, S. K., & Balaji, M. S. (2016). Linking green skepticism to green purchase behavior. Journal of Cleaner Production, 131, 629–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.122
Guagnano, G. A., Stern, P. C., & Dietz, T. (1995). Influences on Attitude-Behavior Relationships: A Natural Experiment with Curbside Recycling. Environment and Behavior, 27(5), 699–718. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916595275005
Guomin Li, Wei Li *, Zihan Jin, & Zhihao Wang. (2019). Influence of Environmental Concern and Knowledge on House-holds’ Willingness to Purchase Energy-Efficient Appliances: A Case Study in Shanxi, China. Sustainability, 11(1073), 1–18.
Hafaz, N. A., Jeevan, J., Salleh, N. H. M., Lee, T. T. H., & Ruslan, S. M. M. (2019). Willingness to Pay for Halal Trans-portation Cost: The Moderating Effect of Knowledge on the Theory of Planned Behavior. International Journal of En-gineering and Advanced Technology, 8(6S3), 479–488. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.F1089.0986S319
Hafaz Ngah, A., Jeevan, J., Haqimin, N., Salleh, M., Tae, T., Lee, H., Marsila, S., & Ruslan, M. (2020). Willingness to Pay for Halal Transportation Cost: The Moderating Effect of knowledge on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Journal of Environmental Treatment Techniques, 2020(1), 13–22. http://www.jett.dormaj.com
Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., Gudergan, S. P., Fischer, A., Nitzl, C., & Menictas, C. (2019). Partial least squares structural equation modeling-based discrete choice modeling: an illustration in modeling retailer choice. Business Research, 12(1), 115–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-018-0072-4
Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Rethinking some of the rethinking of partial least squares. European Journal of Marketing, 53(4). https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-10-2018-0665
Hair, J., Hollingsworth, C. L., Randolph, A. B., & Chong, A. Y. L. (2017). An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research. Industrial Management and Data Systems, 117(3), 442–458. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-04-2016-0130
Haleem, A., Imran Khan, M., Khan, S., & Ngah, A. H. (2018). Assessing Barriers to Adopting and Implementing Halal Practices in Logistics Operations. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 404(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/404/1/012012
Hulland, J., Baumgartner, H., & Smith, K. M. (2017). Marketing survey research best practices: evidence and recommen-dations from a review of JAMS articles. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 46(1), 92–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-017-0532-y
Iranmanesh, M., Mirzaei, M., Parvin Hosseini, S. M., & Zailani, S. (2019). Muslims’ willingness to pay for certified halal food: an extension of the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of Islamic Marketing, JIMA-03-2018-0049. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2018-0049
Kalantari, H. D., & Johnson, L. (2018). Australian customer willingness to pay and wait for mass-customised products. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 30(1), 106–120. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-01-2017-0006
Kiatkawsin, K., & Han, H. (2019). What drives customers’ willingness to pay price premiums for luxury gastronomic ex-periences at michelin-starred restaurants? International Journal of Hospitality Management, 82, 209–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.04.024
Kock, N. (2015). Common method bias in PLS-SEM: A full collinearity assessment approach. In International Journal of e-Collaboration (Vol. 11, Issue 4).
Le, T. D., & Kieu, T. A. (2019). Ethically minded consumer behaviour in Vietnam: An analysis of cultural values, person-al values, attitudinal factors and demographics. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 31(3), 609–626. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-12-2017-0344
MacKenzie, S. B., & Podsakoff, P. M. (2012). Common Method Bias in Marketing: Causes, Mechanisms, and Procedural Remedies. Journal of Retailing, 88(4), 542–555. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2012.08.001
Mukhtar, A., & Butt, M. M. (2012). Intention to choose Halal products: The role of religiosity. Journal of Islamic Market-ing, 3(2), 108–120. https://doi.org/10.1108/17590831211232519
Ngah, A H, Kim, H. D., Hanafiah, R. M., Salleh, N. H. M., Jeevan, ․ J, & Asri, N. M. (2019). Willingness to pay for Halal transportation cost: The Stimulus-organism-response model . In International Journal of e-Navigation and Maritime Economy (Vol. 12). http://www.e-navigation.kr/
Ngah, Abdul Hafaz, Rahimi, A. H. M., & Norzalita, A. A. (2018). The influence of electronic word of mouth on theory of reasoned action and the visit intention to the world monument fund site. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 9(11), 1277–1282.
Ngah, Abdul Hafaz, Ramayah, T., Ali, M. H., & Khan, M. I. (2019). Halal transportation adoption among pharmaceuticals and comestics manufacturers. Journal of Islamic Marketing, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print). https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-10-2018-0193
Ngah, Abdul Hafaz, & Thurasamy, R. (2018). Modelling the Intention to Adopt Halal Transportation Among Halal Phar-maceutical and Cosmetic Manufacturers in Malaysia. Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience, 24(1), 205–207. https://doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.11960
Ngah, Abdul Hafaz, Zainuddin, Y., & Thurasamy, R. (2014a). Barriers and enablers in adopting Halal transportation ser-vices : A study of Malaysian Halal Manufacturers. International Journal of Business and Management, 2(2), 49–70. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2014-0027
Ngah, Abdul Hafaz, Zainuddin, Y., & Thurasamy, R. (2014b). Contributing factors of Halal warehouse adoption. Man-agement and Technology in Knowledge, Service, Tourism & Hospitality, 89–94.
Ngah, Abdul Hafaz, Zainuddin, Y., & Thurasamy, R. (2014c). Adoption of Halal Supply Chain among Malaysian Halal Manufacturers: An Exploratory Study. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 129, 388–395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.692
Ngah, Abdul Hafaz, Zainuddin, Y., & Thurasamy, R. (2015). Barriers and enablers in adopting of Halal warehousing. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 6(3), 354–376. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-03-2014-0027
Ngah, Abdul Hafaz, Zainuddin, Y., & Thurasamy, R. (2017). Applying the TOE framework in the Halal warehouse adop-tion study. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 8(2), 161–181. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIABR-04-2014-0014
Nguyen, L. H., & Hoang, A. T. D. (2017). Willingness to pay for social health insurance in central Vietnam. Frontiers in Public Health, 5(APR). https://doi.org/10.3389/FPUBH.2017.00089
Omar, E. N., & Jaafar, H. S. (2011). Halal supply chain in the food industry - A conceptual model. ISBEIA 2011 - 2011 IEEE Symposium on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications, 384–389. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISBEIA.2011.6088842
Parvin Hosseini, S. M., Mirzaei, M., & Iranmanesh, M. (2019). Determinants of Muslims’ willingness to pay for halal cer-tified food: Does religious commitment act as a moderator in the relationships? Journal of Islamic Marketing. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-02-2018-0043
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18697684
Ramadania, Oktaviana Putri, E., & Juniwati. (2018). Intention Toward Halal and Organic Food: Awareness for Natural Content, Religiosity, and Knowledge Context. KnE Social Sciences, 3(10). https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i10.3425
Rivis, A., Sheeran, P., & Armitage, C. J. (2006). Augmenting the theory of planned behaviour with the proto-type/willingness model: Predictive validity of actor versus abstainer prototypes for adolescents’ health-protective and health-risk intentions. British Journal of Health Psychology, 11(3), 483–500. https://doi.org/10.1348/135910705X70327
Salonen, V., Munnukka, J., & Karjaluoto, H. (2020). The role of fundamental motivations in willingness-to-pay online. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101930
Senapati, A. K. (2020). Insuring against climatic shocks: Evidence on farm households’ willingness to pay for rainfall in-surance product in rural India. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101351
Shmueli, G., Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J.-H., Ting, H., Vaithilingam, S., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM: guidelines for using PLSpredict. European Journal of Marketing, 53(11), 2323–2347. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-02-2019-0189
Tong, Q., Anders, S., Zhang, J., & Zhang, L. (2020). The roles of pollution concerns and environmental knowledge in making green food choices: Evidence from Chinese consumers. Food Research International, 130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108881
Van Loo, E. J., Diem, M. N. H., Pieniak, Z., & Verbeke, W. (2013). Consumer attitudes, knowledge, and consumption of organic yogurt. Journal of Dairy Science, 96(4), 2118–2129. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2012-6262
Venkatesh, V., Brown, S., & Hoehle, H. (2012). Understanding Technology Adoption in the Household Context : a Com-parison of Seven. European Conference on Information Systems, 1–12.
Xu, X., Wang, S., & Yu, Y. (2020). Consumer’s intention to purchase green furniture: Do health consciousness and envi-ronmental awareness matter? Science of the Total Environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135275
Yen, Y. S. (2018). Extending consumer ethnocentrism theory: the moderating effect test. Asia Pacific Journal of Market-ing and Logistics, 30(4), 907–926. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-09-2017-0226
Zailani, S., Iranmanesh, M., Aziz, A. A., & Kanapathy, K. (2017). Halal logistics opportunities and challenges. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 8(1), 127–139. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIMA-04-2015-0028
Zakaria, Z., Abdul Majid, M. D., Ahmad, Z., Jusoh, Z., & Zakaria, N. Z. (2017). Influence of Halal certification on cus-tomers’ purchase intention. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 9(5S), 772. https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v9i5s.55
  • 17
  • 1
  • 2
  • 3
  • 4
  • 5

Journal: Management Science Letters | Year: 2021 | Volume: 11 | Issue: 3 | Views: 1903 | Reviews: 0

Related Articles:
  • The effect of sharia experience quality on customer loyalty
  • Evaluation of acceptance of information systems in state university with th ...
  • What makes a non-Muslim purchase halal food in a Muslim country? An applica ...
  • Investigating causes and consequences of purchase intention of luxury fashi ...
  • The adoption of halal food supply chain towards the performance of food man ...

Add Reviews

Name:*
E-Mail:
Review:
Bold Italic Underline Strike | Align left Center Align right | Insert smilies Insert link URLInsert protected URL Select color | Add Hidden Text Insert Quote Convert selected text from selection to Cyrillic (Russian) alphabet Insert spoiler
winkwinkedsmileam
belayfeelfellowlaughing
lollovenorecourse
requestsadtonguewassat
cryingwhatbullyangry
Security Code: *
Include security image CAPCHA.
Refresh Code

® 2010-2026 GrowingScience.Com