There are many evidences, which emphasis on the benefits of using new technologies of information and communication in international business and many believe that E-Commerce can help satisfy customer explicit and implicit requirements. Internet shopping is a concept developed after the introduction of electronic commerce. Information technology (IT) and its applications, specifically in the realm of the internet and e-mail promoted the development of e-commerce in terms of advertising, motivating and information. However, with the development of new technologies, credit and financial exchange on the internet websites were constructed so to facilitate e-commerce. The proposed study sends a total of 200 questionnaires to the target group (teachers - students - professionals - managers of commercial web sites) and it manages to collect 130 questionnaires for final evaluation. Cronbach & apos; s alpha test is used for measuring reliability and to evaluate the validity of measurement instruments (questionnaires), and to assure construct validity, confirmatory factor analysis is employed. In addition, in order to analyze the research questions based on the path analysis method and to determine markets selection models, a regular technique is implemented. In the present study, after examining different aspects of e-commerce, we provide a conceptual model for selecting and evaluating online marketing in Iran. These findings provide a consistent, targeted and holistic framework for the development of the Internet market in the country.

These days, work is considered as an integral part of the human life and many people spend significant amount of their time in different organizations and departments to earn income. Unlimited organizational pressures and demands facing people have made them allocate much of their time on working. Because of these pressures, people are becoming increasingly subject to workaholism. On the other hand, leaders and managers are trying to improve performance and activities of their respective organizations. Therefore, different concepts such as productivity are turned to the major subject of the management and organizational studies within the same organizations. Note that today changeable and competitive environment and the available limited resources and facilities have turned the concept of productivity into one the most important preoccupations of management within modern organizations. In view of the limited studies and information available in Iran on workaholism and its adverse consequences, the present research intends to investigate and identifies the impacts of workaholism components on human resource productivity. In the present, research the descriptive-survey research method is used and where statistical community includes 130 managers of the East Azerbaijan Water and Waste Company. Using the correlation coefficient and linear regression technique the research tries to investigate the relationships between the concepts of workaholism and human resource productivity and demonstrates how they are applied in above-mentioned community.

This study investigates the effect of auditor-management alignment on audit opinion over the period 2003- 2011 on 81 firms listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange using logistic regression analysis. Results indicate that in companies with auditor-management alignment, auditor change level is low. In addition, the results indicate there is no relationship between auditor-management alignment, debt ratio, ownership percentage, firm size and auditor change with unqualified audit opinion. However, research evidences show that auditor & apos; s opinion type at previous year, audit fees, auditor type and return on assets ratio influence unqualified audit opinion. Among above variables, auditor & apos; s opinion types at previous year, audit fees and return on assets ratio have direct relationship with unqualified audit opinion but auditor type has a negative and inverse relationship with unqualified audit opinion.

An integrated risk management is a process, which enables banks to measure and manage all risks, simultaneously. The recent turbulent chaos on banking industry has increase the relative importance of risk management, more than before. This paper investigates the relationship between credit risk and liquidity risk among Iranian banks. The proposed study includes all private and governmental banks as population over the period 2005-2012. The results Pearson correlation has disclosed a positive and meaningful relationship between credit and liquidity risks. Bank size also impacts on two mentioned risk factors but we there seems to be no relationship between financial chaos and type of ownership with risk factors.

The present study aims at investigating the relationship between the moral leadership style of mangers and organizational confidence of Shahre-Kord high school teachers. The population includes 590 teachers of district 1 , 2 in Shahre-Kord and 230 teachers are selected for the study sample. The model is based on the effect of moral leadership parameters on organizational confidence factors. The instruments used in this study is a moral leadership questionnaire based on the theory of North house comprising 30 questions for five parameters as well as an organizational confidence standard questionnaire based on Gidnez’s theory, which comprises 30 questions and five parameters . The content and face validity of the questionnaires are established through professors’ opinions. The reliability of the study was 82%, which was calculated through Cronbach Alfa formula. The findings show that the impact of moral leadership along with its parameters on the organizational confidence and its parameters are significant.

These days, we see a tremendous change on business units through implementation of information technology equipment. The recent advances on technology have revolutionized technology and people start creating new ideas based on these advances. In this paper, we present an empirical study to investigate the impact of two internal and external factors on dynamic organizational skills through information technology equipment. The study uses a sample of 52 experts and using a questionnaire, we gather their insight about the proposed study. Structural equation modeling has been implemented and the results confirm that both internal and external factors influence dynamic organizational skills through information technology equipment. The study also uses freedman test to rank the factors and the results show that communication is the most important factor (4.41), followed by process (4.03), knowledge implementation (2.79), decision making (2.54) and human resources (1.22) is the last important factor.

This paper performs a study to find the effect of training maternal behavior on a group of mothers who live in city of Esfahan, Iran. The study divides them into two experimental group and control group and examines the effects of training programs. The sample includes 40 women who have, at least, one child aged 4-8 years. The survey uses Abidin parenting stress questionnaire [Abidin, R. R. (1995). Parenting Stress Index. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.] and one group goes under 8 sessions of 2 hours long training programs. The results of ANOVA test indicate that two groups of mothers behave differently after attending training programs when the level of significance is one percent.

This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the relationship between human resource management and financial performance of some Iranian banks. The proposed study of this paper designs a questionnaire and distributes it among all management teams who work in city of Esfahan, Iran. Three questionnaires have been designed, which are associated with human resources, present financial performance and desirable financial performance with 22 questions. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.86, which is well above the minimum desirable limit of 0.70. The study uses Pearson correlation ratio as well as regression technique and structural equation modeling to examine five hypotheses associated with this survey and the results of our all investigations have confirmed that there are some positive and meaningful relationship between human resources development and financial figures.

Measuring the performance of governmental organizations plays an important role on increasing public satisfaction in any society. One of the effective models for assessing the organizations performance is balance scorecard (BSC) model, which investigates all aspects of organizations. In this paper, we use a hybrid of analytical hierarchy process along with BSC to measure the performance of five different civil registry offices in Tehran, Iran. We use fuzzy terms to handle uncertainty in input numbers and using some technique convert fuzzy numbers into crisp values. The results of our survey indicate that learning and development is number one priority with relative importance of 0.491, followed by customer with relative importance of 0.293, internal process with relative importance of 0.173 and financial affairs comes at last with relative weight of 0.043. The study uses organizational researchers, training, quality, customer satisfaction, performance measurement, expenses and annual budget as major components for analyzing five regions. We have also performed sensitivity analysis to see the effects of different changes on ranking.

Human capital is considered as one of the major factors to promote economic stability, especially in developing countries. Furthermore, one of the most important factors in developing human capital is taking the advantage of facilities and economic capabilities in the Instruction Sector. Development of financial system provides such abilities for the prospective countries. This paper studies the influence of financial development on human capital in Iran over period 1977-2010 with the application of a VAR model. The results show that the cash flow in Iran has a negative effect on human capital, which could be because of the increase in inflation and ends increase in costs of long-term investment and human capital is taken into account as long term investment. However, the facilities provided by the banking system has negative effect on human capital due to the lack of the best financial resource allocation. However, since most of university graduate students in Iran practically have adequate skills and education, they do not have enough capital to start a business. Providing financial assistance for the private sector can lead to a business in which they can use their skills and education towards promoting production.