How to cite this paper
APA: Riasi, A & Pourmiri, S. (2015). Effects of online marketing on Iranian ecotourism industry: Economic, sociological, and cultural aspects. Management Science Letters, 5(10), 915-926.
Chicago/Turabian: Riasi, A & Pourmiri, S. 2015. "Effects of online marketing on Iranian ecotourism industry: Economic, sociological, and cultural aspects." Management Science Letters 5, no. 10 (2015): 915-926.
AMA: Riasi, A & Pourmiri, S. Effects of online marketing on Iranian ecotourism industry: Economic, sociological, and cultural aspects. Management Science Letters. 2015;5(10):915-926.
References
Abbot, J.I.O., Thomas, D.H.L., Gardner, A.A., Neba, S.E., & Khen, M.W. (2001). Understanding the links between conservation and development in the Bamenda Highland, Cameroon. World Development, 29(7), 1115–1136.
Ahmad, A. (2011). Ecotourism in Brunei Darussalam: An analysis of the impacts on indigenous communities. Germany: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing.
Ahmad, A. (2014). The disengagement of the tourism businesses in ecotourism and environmental practices in Brunei Darussalam. Tourism Management Perspectives, 10, 1-6. DOI:10.1016/j.tmp.2013.12.002
Amiri Aghdaie, S. F., Seidi, M., & Riasi, A. (2012). Identifying the Barriers to Iran’s Saffron Export by Using Porter’s Diamond Model. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 4(5), 129-138. DOI:10.5539/ijms.v4n5p129
Archer, B. (1995). Importance of tourism for the economy of Bermuda. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(4), 918–930.
Asgharizade, A., & Mousavi M. H. (2012). Social and financial barriers against ecotourism expansion in Iran. Iranian journal of research in nature tourism management, 4(2), 48-59.
Ateljevic, I., & Doorne, S. (2005). Dialectics of authentication: Performing ‘exotic otherness’ in a backpacker enclave of Dali, China. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 3(1), 1–17.
Atuahene-Gima, K., & Evangelista, F. (2000). Cross-functional influence in new product development: An exploratory study of marketing and R & D perspectives. Management Science, 46(10), 1269–1284.
Azad, N., Safaei, M., & Farahani, M. (2014). A study on the effects of different factors influencing on customer loyalty, profitability and word of mouth advertisement for gaining competitive advantage in tourism industry. Management Science Letters, 4(6), 1099-1102. DOI:10.5267/j.msl.2014.5.023
Azar, A., & Momeny, M. (2010). Statistics and Its Application in Management: (Vol 2): Statistical Analysis (Third edition). Tehran: The Organization for Researching and Composing University Textbooks in the Humanities.
Balmford, A., Bruner, A., Cooper, P., Costanza, R., Farber, S., Green, R.E., et al. (2002). Economic reasons for conserving wild nature. Science, 297(5583), 950–953.
Belisle, F., & Hoy, D. (1980). The perceived impact of tourism by residents. Annals of Tourism Research, 8, 83–97.
Buckley, R. (1994). Research Note, a framework for ecotourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 21(3), 661–669.
Cattarinich, X. (2001). Pro-poor tourism initiatives in developing countries: Analysis of secondary case studies. PPT working paper no. 8 (Retrieved on 22nd August, 2013 from http://195.130.87.21:8080/dspace/bitstream/123456789/449/1/Propoor%20tourism%20initiatives%20in%20developing%20countries%20analysis%20of%20secondary%20case%20studies.pdf).
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
Das, M., & Chatterjee, B. (2015). Ecotourism: A panacea or a predicament?.Tourism Management Perspectives, 14, 3-16. DOI:10.1016/j.tmp.2015.01.002
Davis, D., Allen, J., & Consenza, R. M. (1988). Segmenting local residents by their attitudes, interests, and opinions toward tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 27(2), 2–8.
Donohoe, H. M., & Needham, R. D. (2008). Internet-based ecotourism marketing: Evaluating Canadian sensitivity to ecotourism tenets. Journal of Ecotourism, 7(1), 15-43.
Dorsey, E. R., Steeves, H. L., & Porras, L. E. (2004). Advertising ecotourism on the internet: commodifying environment and culture. New Media & Society, 6(6), 753-779.
Durbarry, R. (2002). The economic contribution of tourism in Mauritius. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(3), 862–865
Eugenio-Mart?n, J. L., Morales, N. M., & Scarpa, R. (2004). Tourism and economic growth in Latin American countries: A panel data approach. Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Working Paper Series, Nota di Lavoro, 26.
Farhadian, S. A., & Mehrdoust, F. (2012). Do young Iranian people trust online shopping stores and online advertisements? West Asian journal of electronic trading, 1(3), 76-84.
Firoozi, M., Goodarzi, M., & Akbari, A. (2012). Analyzing the role of Bavan Valley in Mamasani as tourists attraction. Management Science Letters, 2(7), 2449-2456. DOI:10.5267/j.msl.2012.07.022
GBD (Government of Brunei Darussalam) (2007). Brunei Darussalam long-term development plan. Bandar Seri Begawan: Prime Minister & apos; s Office.
Guo, X., Ling, L., Dong, Y., & Liang, L. (2013). Cooperation contract in tourism supply chains: The optimal pricing strategy of hotels for cooperative third party strategic websites. Annals of Tourism Research, 41, 20–41.
Guo, X., Zheng, X., Ling, L., & Yang, C. (2014). Online coopetition between hotels and online travel agencies: From the perspective of cash back after stay. Tourism Management Perspectives, 12, 104-112.
Gurau, C. (2008). Integrated online marketing communication: implementation and management. Journal of communication management, 12(2), 169-184.
Hassan, S. S. (2000). Determinants of market competitiveness in an environmentally sustainable tourism industry. Journal of travel research, 38(3), 239-245.
Hecht, J. -A., & Martin, D. (2006). Backpacking and hostel-picking: An analysis from Canada. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 18(1), 69–77.
Holden, A. (2003). In need of new environmental ethics for tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(1), 94–108
Holland, J., Burian, M., & Dixey, L. (2003). Tourism in poor rural areas. PPT working paper no. 12. ODI, IIED, ICRT (Retrieved on 25th August, 2013 from http://www.odi.org.uk/RPEG/PPT/WP12).
Hsu, J. L., Wang, T. C. T., & Huang, P. Y. H. (2014). Motivations for first-time and repeat backpackers in Shanghai. Tourism Management Perspectives, 12, 57-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.tmp.2014.08.001
Khan, H., Seng, C., & Cheong, W. (1990). Tourism multipliers effects on Singapore. Annals of Tourism Research, 17, 408–418.
Kiss, A. (2004). Is community-based ecotourism (CBET) a good use of biodiversity conservation? Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 19(5), 232–237.
Lai, P.H., & Nepal, S.K. (2006). Local perspectives of ecotourism development in Tawushan Nature Reserve, Taiwan. Tourism Management, 27(6), 1117–1129.
Lai, P. H., & Shafer, S. (2005). Marketing ecotourism through the Internet: An evaluation of selected ecolodges in Latin America and the Caribbean. Journal of Ecotourism, 4(3), 143-160.
Lee, C. -C., & Chang, C. -P. (2008). Tourism development and economic growth: A closer look to panels. Tourism Management, 29, 80–192.
Maoz, D. (2007). Backpackers & apos; motivations: The role of culture and nationality. Annals of Tourism Research, 34(1), 122–140.
Mihalic, T. (2000). Environmental management of a tourist destination: A factor of tourism competitiveness. Tourism Management, 21(1), 65–75.
Mobaraki, O., Abdollahzadeh, M., & Kamelifar, Z. (2014). Site suitability evaluation for ecotourism using GIS and AHP: A case study of Isfahan Townships, Iran. Management Science Letters, 4(8), 1893-1898. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.6.038
Mohammadi, J., Ahmadi, D., & Godarzi, M. (2012). An analysis Seydan ecotourism with emphasis on sustainable development. Management Science Letters, 2(6), 2019-2024. DOI:10.5267/j.msl.2012.06.019
Mohamadi Kermani, A. S., & Hoseinian, M. (2001). Why Iranian ecotourism industry growth is important? Iranian Journal of Innovations in Marketing Management, 1(3), 66-73.
Omrani, S. E. (2011). The need for the expansion of Iran’s hotel business in ecotourism: A case study of Hormozgan province. Iranian journal of research in nature tourism management, 3(1), 65-72.
Pablo-Romero, M. D. P., & Molina, J. A. (2013). Tourism and economic growth: A review of empirical literature. Tourism Management Perspectives, 8, 28-41.
Qaemi, V. (2012). An empirical survey on perceived value from tourism destination based on brand equity model: A case study of Qeshm Island. Management Science Letters, 2(7), 2347-2354. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2012.08.008
Rezaii, M., Rahmani H., & Dehkourdi, M. J. (2013). Tourism business in Iran: an overview of recent economical trends with focus on international trade. Iranian Academy of Executive Studies Journal, 4(1), 59-70.
Riasi, A. (2004). Introducing some of the most famous tourist attractions of Iran and the world, Mashhad: Sokhan Gostar Publication. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1101.8088
Riasi, A. (2015a). Barriers to international supply chain management in Iranian flower industry. Management Science Letters, 5(4), 363-368. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2015.2.005
Riasi, A. (2015b). Competitive Advantages of Shadow Banking Industry: An Analysis Using Porter Diamond Model. Working Paper
Riasi, A., & Amiri Aghdaie, S. F. (2013). Effects of a Hypothetical Iranian Accession to the World Trade Organization on Iran & apos; s Flower Industry. Consilience: The Journal of Sustainable Development, 10(1), 99-110.
Riasi, A., & Asadzadeh, N. (2015). The relationship between principals’ reward power and their conflict management styles based on Thomas–Kilmann conflict mode instrument. Management Science Letters, 5(6), 611-618. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2015.4.004
Salafsky, N., & Wollenberg, E. (2000). Linking livelihoods and conservation: A conceptual framework and scale for assessing the integration of human needs and biodiversity. World Development, 28(8), 1421–1438
Scheyvens, R. (2007). Exploring the tourism-poverty nexus. In C.M. Hall (Ed.), Pro-poortourism: Who benefits? Perspectives on tourism and poverty reduction (pp. 121–144). Clevedon, England: Channel View.
Seetanah, B. (2011). Assessing the dynamic economic impact of tourism for island economies. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(1), 291–308.
Shah, A. (2007, Jul. 14–20). Management of protected areas: Exploring an alternative in Gir. EPW, 42 (No. 27/28).
Sharpley, R. (2000). Tourism and sustainable development. Exploring the theoretical divide. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8(1), 1–19.
Stebbins, R. A. (1996). Cultural Tourism as Serious Leisure. Annals of Tourism Research. 23(4), 948-950.
Tepelus, C.M., & Cordobci, R.C. (2005). Recognition schemes in tourism— Fromeco to sustainability? Journal of Cleaner Production, 13(2), 135–140.
The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) (1990). What is Ecotourism? (Retrieved on 2nd September, 2013 from http://www.ecotourism.org/what-is-ecotourism).
Theuns, L. (1992). The significance of youth tourism: Economic dimensions. Acta Turistica, 4(2), 165–187.
Tuohino, A., & Hynonen, A. (2001). Ecotourism – imagery and reality. Reflections on concepts and practices in Finnish rural tourism. Nordia Geographical Publications.
Uriely, N., Yonay, Y., & Simchai, D. (2002). Backpacking experiences: A type and form analysis. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(2), 520–538.
Uysal, M., & Gitelson, R. (1994). Assessment of economic impacts: Festivals and special events. Festival Management and Event Tourism, 2(1), 3–10.
West, G. R. (1993). Economic significance of tourism in Queensland. Annals of Tourism Research, 20(3), 490–504.
Ahmad, A. (2011). Ecotourism in Brunei Darussalam: An analysis of the impacts on indigenous communities. Germany: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing.
Ahmad, A. (2014). The disengagement of the tourism businesses in ecotourism and environmental practices in Brunei Darussalam. Tourism Management Perspectives, 10, 1-6. DOI:10.1016/j.tmp.2013.12.002
Amiri Aghdaie, S. F., Seidi, M., & Riasi, A. (2012). Identifying the Barriers to Iran’s Saffron Export by Using Porter’s Diamond Model. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 4(5), 129-138. DOI:10.5539/ijms.v4n5p129
Archer, B. (1995). Importance of tourism for the economy of Bermuda. Annals of Tourism Research, 22(4), 918–930.
Asgharizade, A., & Mousavi M. H. (2012). Social and financial barriers against ecotourism expansion in Iran. Iranian journal of research in nature tourism management, 4(2), 48-59.
Ateljevic, I., & Doorne, S. (2005). Dialectics of authentication: Performing ‘exotic otherness’ in a backpacker enclave of Dali, China. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 3(1), 1–17.
Atuahene-Gima, K., & Evangelista, F. (2000). Cross-functional influence in new product development: An exploratory study of marketing and R & D perspectives. Management Science, 46(10), 1269–1284.
Azad, N., Safaei, M., & Farahani, M. (2014). A study on the effects of different factors influencing on customer loyalty, profitability and word of mouth advertisement for gaining competitive advantage in tourism industry. Management Science Letters, 4(6), 1099-1102. DOI:10.5267/j.msl.2014.5.023
Azar, A., & Momeny, M. (2010). Statistics and Its Application in Management: (Vol 2): Statistical Analysis (Third edition). Tehran: The Organization for Researching and Composing University Textbooks in the Humanities.
Balmford, A., Bruner, A., Cooper, P., Costanza, R., Farber, S., Green, R.E., et al. (2002). Economic reasons for conserving wild nature. Science, 297(5583), 950–953.
Belisle, F., & Hoy, D. (1980). The perceived impact of tourism by residents. Annals of Tourism Research, 8, 83–97.
Buckley, R. (1994). Research Note, a framework for ecotourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 21(3), 661–669.
Cattarinich, X. (2001). Pro-poor tourism initiatives in developing countries: Analysis of secondary case studies. PPT working paper no. 8 (Retrieved on 22nd August, 2013 from http://195.130.87.21:8080/dspace/bitstream/123456789/449/1/Propoor%20tourism%20initiatives%20in%20developing%20countries%20analysis%20of%20secondary%20case%20studies.pdf).
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
Das, M., & Chatterjee, B. (2015). Ecotourism: A panacea or a predicament?.Tourism Management Perspectives, 14, 3-16. DOI:10.1016/j.tmp.2015.01.002
Davis, D., Allen, J., & Consenza, R. M. (1988). Segmenting local residents by their attitudes, interests, and opinions toward tourism. Journal of Travel Research, 27(2), 2–8.
Donohoe, H. M., & Needham, R. D. (2008). Internet-based ecotourism marketing: Evaluating Canadian sensitivity to ecotourism tenets. Journal of Ecotourism, 7(1), 15-43.
Dorsey, E. R., Steeves, H. L., & Porras, L. E. (2004). Advertising ecotourism on the internet: commodifying environment and culture. New Media & Society, 6(6), 753-779.
Durbarry, R. (2002). The economic contribution of tourism in Mauritius. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(3), 862–865
Eugenio-Mart?n, J. L., Morales, N. M., & Scarpa, R. (2004). Tourism and economic growth in Latin American countries: A panel data approach. Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei Working Paper Series, Nota di Lavoro, 26.
Farhadian, S. A., & Mehrdoust, F. (2012). Do young Iranian people trust online shopping stores and online advertisements? West Asian journal of electronic trading, 1(3), 76-84.
Firoozi, M., Goodarzi, M., & Akbari, A. (2012). Analyzing the role of Bavan Valley in Mamasani as tourists attraction. Management Science Letters, 2(7), 2449-2456. DOI:10.5267/j.msl.2012.07.022
GBD (Government of Brunei Darussalam) (2007). Brunei Darussalam long-term development plan. Bandar Seri Begawan: Prime Minister & apos; s Office.
Guo, X., Ling, L., Dong, Y., & Liang, L. (2013). Cooperation contract in tourism supply chains: The optimal pricing strategy of hotels for cooperative third party strategic websites. Annals of Tourism Research, 41, 20–41.
Guo, X., Zheng, X., Ling, L., & Yang, C. (2014). Online coopetition between hotels and online travel agencies: From the perspective of cash back after stay. Tourism Management Perspectives, 12, 104-112.
Gurau, C. (2008). Integrated online marketing communication: implementation and management. Journal of communication management, 12(2), 169-184.
Hassan, S. S. (2000). Determinants of market competitiveness in an environmentally sustainable tourism industry. Journal of travel research, 38(3), 239-245.
Hecht, J. -A., & Martin, D. (2006). Backpacking and hostel-picking: An analysis from Canada. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 18(1), 69–77.
Holden, A. (2003). In need of new environmental ethics for tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 30(1), 94–108
Holland, J., Burian, M., & Dixey, L. (2003). Tourism in poor rural areas. PPT working paper no. 12. ODI, IIED, ICRT (Retrieved on 25th August, 2013 from http://www.odi.org.uk/RPEG/PPT/WP12).
Hsu, J. L., Wang, T. C. T., & Huang, P. Y. H. (2014). Motivations for first-time and repeat backpackers in Shanghai. Tourism Management Perspectives, 12, 57-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.tmp.2014.08.001
Khan, H., Seng, C., & Cheong, W. (1990). Tourism multipliers effects on Singapore. Annals of Tourism Research, 17, 408–418.
Kiss, A. (2004). Is community-based ecotourism (CBET) a good use of biodiversity conservation? Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 19(5), 232–237.
Lai, P.H., & Nepal, S.K. (2006). Local perspectives of ecotourism development in Tawushan Nature Reserve, Taiwan. Tourism Management, 27(6), 1117–1129.
Lai, P. H., & Shafer, S. (2005). Marketing ecotourism through the Internet: An evaluation of selected ecolodges in Latin America and the Caribbean. Journal of Ecotourism, 4(3), 143-160.
Lee, C. -C., & Chang, C. -P. (2008). Tourism development and economic growth: A closer look to panels. Tourism Management, 29, 80–192.
Maoz, D. (2007). Backpackers & apos; motivations: The role of culture and nationality. Annals of Tourism Research, 34(1), 122–140.
Mihalic, T. (2000). Environmental management of a tourist destination: A factor of tourism competitiveness. Tourism Management, 21(1), 65–75.
Mobaraki, O., Abdollahzadeh, M., & Kamelifar, Z. (2014). Site suitability evaluation for ecotourism using GIS and AHP: A case study of Isfahan Townships, Iran. Management Science Letters, 4(8), 1893-1898. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.6.038
Mohammadi, J., Ahmadi, D., & Godarzi, M. (2012). An analysis Seydan ecotourism with emphasis on sustainable development. Management Science Letters, 2(6), 2019-2024. DOI:10.5267/j.msl.2012.06.019
Mohamadi Kermani, A. S., & Hoseinian, M. (2001). Why Iranian ecotourism industry growth is important? Iranian Journal of Innovations in Marketing Management, 1(3), 66-73.
Omrani, S. E. (2011). The need for the expansion of Iran’s hotel business in ecotourism: A case study of Hormozgan province. Iranian journal of research in nature tourism management, 3(1), 65-72.
Pablo-Romero, M. D. P., & Molina, J. A. (2013). Tourism and economic growth: A review of empirical literature. Tourism Management Perspectives, 8, 28-41.
Qaemi, V. (2012). An empirical survey on perceived value from tourism destination based on brand equity model: A case study of Qeshm Island. Management Science Letters, 2(7), 2347-2354. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2012.08.008
Rezaii, M., Rahmani H., & Dehkourdi, M. J. (2013). Tourism business in Iran: an overview of recent economical trends with focus on international trade. Iranian Academy of Executive Studies Journal, 4(1), 59-70.
Riasi, A. (2004). Introducing some of the most famous tourist attractions of Iran and the world, Mashhad: Sokhan Gostar Publication. DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.1101.8088
Riasi, A. (2015a). Barriers to international supply chain management in Iranian flower industry. Management Science Letters, 5(4), 363-368. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2015.2.005
Riasi, A. (2015b). Competitive Advantages of Shadow Banking Industry: An Analysis Using Porter Diamond Model. Working Paper
Riasi, A., & Amiri Aghdaie, S. F. (2013). Effects of a Hypothetical Iranian Accession to the World Trade Organization on Iran & apos; s Flower Industry. Consilience: The Journal of Sustainable Development, 10(1), 99-110.
Riasi, A., & Asadzadeh, N. (2015). The relationship between principals’ reward power and their conflict management styles based on Thomas–Kilmann conflict mode instrument. Management Science Letters, 5(6), 611-618. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2015.4.004
Salafsky, N., & Wollenberg, E. (2000). Linking livelihoods and conservation: A conceptual framework and scale for assessing the integration of human needs and biodiversity. World Development, 28(8), 1421–1438
Scheyvens, R. (2007). Exploring the tourism-poverty nexus. In C.M. Hall (Ed.), Pro-poortourism: Who benefits? Perspectives on tourism and poverty reduction (pp. 121–144). Clevedon, England: Channel View.
Seetanah, B. (2011). Assessing the dynamic economic impact of tourism for island economies. Annals of Tourism Research, 38(1), 291–308.
Shah, A. (2007, Jul. 14–20). Management of protected areas: Exploring an alternative in Gir. EPW, 42 (No. 27/28).
Sharpley, R. (2000). Tourism and sustainable development. Exploring the theoretical divide. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8(1), 1–19.
Stebbins, R. A. (1996). Cultural Tourism as Serious Leisure. Annals of Tourism Research. 23(4), 948-950.
Tepelus, C.M., & Cordobci, R.C. (2005). Recognition schemes in tourism— Fromeco to sustainability? Journal of Cleaner Production, 13(2), 135–140.
The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) (1990). What is Ecotourism? (Retrieved on 2nd September, 2013 from http://www.ecotourism.org/what-is-ecotourism).
Theuns, L. (1992). The significance of youth tourism: Economic dimensions. Acta Turistica, 4(2), 165–187.
Tuohino, A., & Hynonen, A. (2001). Ecotourism – imagery and reality. Reflections on concepts and practices in Finnish rural tourism. Nordia Geographical Publications.
Uriely, N., Yonay, Y., & Simchai, D. (2002). Backpacking experiences: A type and form analysis. Annals of Tourism Research, 29(2), 520–538.
Uysal, M., & Gitelson, R. (1994). Assessment of economic impacts: Festivals and special events. Festival Management and Event Tourism, 2(1), 3–10.
West, G. R. (1993). Economic significance of tourism in Queensland. Annals of Tourism Research, 20(3), 490–504.