This research aims to know and analyze the contribution of enterprise risk management and business strategy to the competitive advantage and company performance of shipping companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The company performance and competitive advantage of shipping companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange fluctuate and are decreasing. The enterprise risk which is not well-managed can result in a decrease in competitive advantage and company performance. The shipping companies having no competitive advantage will have poor performance and lose in the competition with similar companies. This research uses Path Analysis with the analysis tool of Partial Least Square SmartPLS3 and its path coefficient significance test using a t-test. The total number of samples is 65 consisting of 13 companies with five years of observation taken using the purposive sampling technique. The result of this research states that shipping companies in Indonesia can increase their company performance through enterprise risk management. So, the companies must practice enterprise risk management properly where the aspect of risk management is integrated into the company strategy. Shipping companies in Indonesia can also increase their company performance through competitive advantage so that they can increase their revenue. Shipping companies can increase their company performance through business strategy, so they must implement a business strategy.

The performance plays a key role in the long-term survival of the organizations. If the performance of the organization increases, then the organization may lead in the global perspective. There are various factors that could lead to the performance. Among those, the supply chain management practices (SCMP) play an important role to increase the performance. The SCMP factors may also enhance the competitive advantage of the organizations. Furthermore, the manager support may provide insight to manage the SCM activities which could aid enhance firm performance (FP). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the SCMP and FP with the moderating and mediating effect in the chemical industry of Thailand. The data was collected from the supply chain managers by using a simple random technique. The SEM direct effect shows that SCMA had a significant and positive connection with firm performance FP. In addition, SCMP does not seem to have any significant relationship with the competitive advantage. While competitive advantage has a positive and significant effect on FP. On the other hand, the indirect effect shows that SCMP and FP relationship were partially mediated from the competitive advantage. Moreover, the manager's support did not significantly moderate the SCMP and FP relationship. The current study added literature in the extant literature in the form of empirical findings which could help the researchers explore their studies in future. The study may also provide help to owners as well as to shareholders to know about the importance of the SCMP, competitive advantage and managers' support to increase their FP.

Human Resource Management (HRM) has the capacity of influencing the organizational behavior of the employees, thereby ensuring the achievement of the competitive advantage. This study proposes to assess the relationship between human resources (HR) practices and competitive advantage. It is also intended to test organizational commitment as a mediator, between HR practices and competitive advantage among the employees of the private universities in Jordan. The data were gathered from 232 individuals employed at ten private universities located in Jordan. PLS, SEM was performed on the data, using the SmartPLS 3 software. HRM practices result in a statistically significant variation in competitive advantage. Relationship of HRM practices and competitive advantage was partially mediated by organizational commitment. HRM practices resulted in a statistically significant variation in and organizational commitment. Our findings contribute to the existing body of literature of how organizational commitment can mediate the relationships among the HR practices adopted by organizations and competitive advantage. Jordanian private universities should improvise extra attention over HR practices that contribute positively toward the performance of employees.

Many startups fail, and we still do not know why. It is the purpose of this study to know if a relationship exists between business model innovation and startup, and whether networking and competitive advantage can improve their relationship. We hypothesized that business model innovation relates to startup and that networking and competitive advantage significantly enhance the relationship between business model innovation and startup. Fifty-one respondents participate in this study. The partial least square statistical technique is used to analyze the data. This analytical technique is appropriate for parametric analysis for such a sample size. The null hypothesis that no relationship exists between business model innovation and startup is rejected. The null hypothesis that networking and competitive advantage is not related to business model innovation is also rejected. However, the null hypothesis that there is no direct relationship between networking and startup is accepted; the association is not direct but indirect. The null hypothesis that no direct association between competitive advantage and startup is rejected. There is a negative association between competitive ad-vantage and startup. Both networking and competitive advantage improve the relationship between business model innovation and startup. However, they must be used with caution.

This paper aims to use a dual-process of direct and indirect use of competitive advantage (CA) for investigation of the contribution of customer orientation (CO) in affecting organizational performance (OP) of Jordanian banks. The current empirical research is based on the survey conducted on 16 banks from Jordan. Structural equation modeling was employed along with confirmatory factor analysis for easy comprehension of correlation among the three latent constructs. The results showed that (OP) experienced a partial reconciliation effect of (CO) in the presence of (CA). The study also established the significant immediate impact on performance of organization because of (CO). Moreover, significant indirect positive effect of (CO) over (OP) was evident in presence of (CA). Theoretical and managerial inferences of the outcomes are explained in the last section.

This research aims at examining the mediating of product innovation on the relationship between employee development and marketing capacity on product innovation of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Hanoi. After 4 months of collecting data, the author received 350 responses and 311 responses left after refining. The findings from the research indicate that employee development and marketing capacity did not only directly but also indirectly affect competitive advantages via product innovation. The findings provide enterprises with important implications for improving competitive advantages from marketing, human resources and product innovation perspectives.

The aim of this research is to explain the influence of promotional strategy on improving the competitive advantage of the Tenun Ikat industry in Bali Indonesia and its impact on the marketing performance. To achieve this purpose, 100 people, who are the owners or managers of the Tenun Ikat SME in Bali Indonesia, were selected as sample and analyzed using the structural equation modelling (SEM). The results show that promotional strategy had a positive and significant influence on competitive advantage and promotional strategy was greatly capable of improving the competitive advantage. Furthermore, competitive advantage has a positive and significant influence on marketing performance achievement. This means that with a higher competitive advantage, there is a greater marketing performance and competitive advantage was able to significantly mediate the effect of promotional strategy on marketing performance. The research implications contribute to the owners / managers of the SME by advising so that they implement promotional strategies. This includes advertisement activities, sales promotion, and well-performed promotion through social media to improve the competitive advantage and increase in marketing performance.

The research aims to empirically verify the role of adaptive capability in its contribution to marketing performance, with product innovation as a mediating variable. This research was conducted in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in Central Java, Indonesia. A number of 253 questionnaires were distributed and adequately filled. Statistical analysis was conducted by using structural equation modeling with Smart-Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results show that the adaptive capability was positively related to product innovation, but not significant to marketing performance. Furthermore, our findings show that product innovation had a significant effect on marketing performance and it fully mediated the relationship between adaptive capability and marketing performance. These findings offer implications regarding how adaptive capability enhance marketing performance through product innovation in SMEs.

This research was conducted to test the model of strategic human resource management as a competitive advantage in the construction industry specially to identify factors related to achieving competitive advantage in this industry. The empirical data were drawn from 174 construction companies in Indonesia using questionnaire method. Structural Equation Modeling techniques was used to analyze the conceptualized relationship model. The empirical results reveal that competitive advantage in the construction industry in Indonesia could be achieved through human resource management practices to build and improve a safety culture which would increase employee productivity. Companies must integrate human resource management practices with safety culture as a priority strategy of the company since based on empirical result, safety culture can be a source of competitive advantage for construction companies in Indonesia. Future studies can use these strategic human resource management models in different industry sectors by adding a number of samples so that the results could be generalized.

This paper investigates the effects of different dimensions of innovation on the competitive advantage of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The main dimensions of the innovation retained in this study are related to different types of innovation, innovation activities, sources of internal and external information, and public support for innovation. In this study, we rely on the principal component analysis of innovation applied to a sample of 231 Tunisian SMEs. The results show that product innovation, organizational innovation and innovation activities were the key variables for enhancing the competitive advantage of SMEs. In contrast, external sources of information have no effects on the SMEs competitive advantage. The originality of this research is to provide a multidimensional framework of the effects of innovation on the competitive position of SMEs.