The objective of this study is to describe the influence of principals' leadership, work environment, and affiliation motivation on improving the performance of certified teachers at Private Vocational Schools in Tegal City, Indonesia. To achieve this objective, the current study carried out a research survey in Private Vocational Schools of Tegal City. Therefore, data collection was achieved by using survey questionnaire and respondents of the study was school teachers. Thus, this study used quantitative research approach with cross-sectional research design. Data were analyzed by using latest technique, namely; Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of the study showed that the leadership of the principal, the work environment, and the motivation to affiliate were well per-ceived by the teachers. Both principal leadership and work environment had direct effects on improving the certified teacher’s performance. The teacher’s performance can be explained by independent head leadership and work environment variables, however, for independent variables namely; motivation to affiliate did not have enough significant influence. Hence, teacher’s performance can be improved through the leadership of principals and a conducive work environment.

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The transformational leadership style as practiced by the organization leaders was examined in their role to enhance employees’ competency for organization performance. A quantitative approach is used in this study using a survey approach through the distribution of a set of questionnaires. In this study, the sample comprised of 232 supervisors from three food manufacturing industries in various supervisory levels, departments, and sections within the production line. The hypotheses were analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and partial least squares (PLS-SEM) SmartPLS version 3.0. The statistical analysis results confirm that there was a significant relationship between transformational leadership styles, employees’ competency with organizational performance. The study also confirmed that the transformational leadership styles as practiced substantially contributed to employee competency. Based on the PLS-SEM’s results, this study provides evidence that transformational leadership styles also substantially contributed to organization performance. The study also found that employee competency has contributed to organization performance. Based on the mediation analysis results, the study finds that employee competency mediates the relationship between transformational leadership style and organization performance. These results add to an understanding of the role of transformational leadership style and employee competency in contributing to a higher productivity and organization performance.

Shopping malls are one of the tourism industry’s most attractive and dynamic generators of profit. This study focuses on One Utama Shopping Mall, one of the largest and most well-known shopping centres in Malaysia. The research objective is to determine the level of visitor satisfaction at One Utama and understand how it contributes to the mall’s growth and retention of clientele. Data are collected by way of stratified random sampling and analysed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results demonstrate a significant relationship between all independent variables related to visitor satisfaction: entertainment activities, management services, and shopping centre design. Moreover, push and pull factors are accounted for in determining motivations for visiting the mall. The conclusions of this study are particularly useful for shopping centre owners and stakeholders looking to promote revenue and growth.

Mobile payment is becoming an evitable trend in the globe and is well expanding rapidly into emerging countries. Many research models are developed and confirmed that behavior intention is an important fact which decides the level of using mobile payment among users. The existing research models have made empirical evidences confirming behavior intention de-pended on performance and effort expectancy. This research expands previous empirical evidence by involving perceived transaction speed as an important explanatory variable to both performance expectancy and effort expectancy and also captures how behavior intention is influenced by performance expectancy and effort expectancy among Cambodian users. A total of 200 questionnaires were collected, analyzed and summarized for this study. Result reveals that performance expectancy and effort expectancy affect positively and significantly on behavior intention. Perceived transaction speed has a positive and significant relationship with effort expectancy but Perceived transaction does not have any positive and significant relationship with performance expectancy. Result from this study also concludes the role of perceived transaction speed which is affecting intention to use mobile payment among users. However, there are some limitations to be addressed for the future researches; this research may include larger samples to find out the clear effect on behavior intention of the end-users.

This study attempts to examine the role of working capital management components on four commons which are distinctive dimensions of business investment performance in Malaysia. The analysis covers 431 listed companies for the period 2000-2017 post the Asian financial crisis. The four performance indicators are return on assets (to proxy book return on overall business assets), return on equity (to proxy book return on shareholders’ fund), Tobin’s Q (to proxy firm valuation) and stock performance (to proxy real shareholder wealth). Our results indicate that working capital components of receivables collection period, inventory conversion period, payables deferral period, overall cash conversion cycle, current ratio, quick ratio, and cash ratio have generally exhibited important relationships with investment performance before and after the 2007-2008 subprime crisis. We would like to highlight the very robust negative effect of receivables collection period and cash conversion cycle. In addition, it is worth noting the distinctive roles of cash conversion cycle components and working capital liquidity ratios. While overly high liquidity position is usually viewed as inefficiency and detrimental for profitability, our panel data analysis consistently show that a high liquid position is favourable if the impact of cash conversion cycle is well considered. Hence, it is crucial for managers to prioritize the importance of working capital requirements to enhance the value of investors.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance of eleven Islamic banks in Indonesia over the period 2013-2016, using the value-added intellectual capital model, utilizing panel data with seemingly unrelated regression analysis. The results of this research indicate that structural capital efficiency had a significant influence on return on assets, and asset growth. Thus, for Islamic banks in Indonesia, all non-human assets, including the standard operating procedures, storage of all data, structural procedures, governance and policies for decision-making had significant effects on return on assets, and asset growth. Islamic banks in Indonesia can achieve competitive advantages in terms of return on assets, and asset growth, because they have positive value added reflected in intellectual capital value consisting of human capital efficiency, structural capital efficiency and capital employee efficiency.

Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) has become a prominent theory in describing the relationship between attitude and behaviour. TPB utilizes attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control to predict ―intention‖. Studies of similar topics concentrating on non-Muslim consumers as respondents particularly exploring in their repurchase intention on Halal food are uncommon. Therefore, this study attempts to demonstrate the TPB in exploring the non-Muslim consumer repurchase intention of halal food products. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire survey of 415 non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia. The result of Structural Equation Analyses indicate that non-Muslim consumers’ attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control toward halal food product positively influenced their intention to repurchase halal food. The conclusions and several recommendations for future research consideration are presented in the final section.

The aim of this study is to determine the mediating role of the institute reputation between institute social responsibility and student loyalty. The present study uses a multi-stage sampling technique, which first creates four clusters; including Karachi, Quetta, Peshawar, and Lahore, and picks one cluster; namely Lahore, randomly for the purpose of the study. Second, proportionate sampling technique is used to calculate the proportionate values of every individual educational institute. Finally, systematic sampling is used to compute the sampling interval kth number of individual univer-sities. Data are collected from the provincial capital city of Punjab province (Lahore) and a total of 511 questionnaires are distributed among postgraduate students under business education discipline of private HEIs, 206 questionnaires are excluded from the sample due to some missing and misleading values, and final analysis is run by using SmartPLS 3.2.8 on 345 questionnaires. Findings elucidate that institutes social responsibility did not have any direct relationship with student loyalty. However, institute social responsibility has indirect relationship with student loyalty thru the mediating variable of institute reputation. Institute reputation also has a significant and positive influence on student loyalty.

Maldistribution of skilled health workers between urban and rural area, especially pharmacist has become a global phenomenon. Not only the developing countries but also the developed country like the United States has been facing the same issue for a decades. Thus, many researchers have been trying to figure it out the reasons behind this occurrence. In their studies, most of the research-ers agreed that fresh graduates from pharmacy school were willing to work in the rural area. Therefore the primary aim of this study is to identify the important factors that can affect pharmacy stu-dents’ intention to work in rural area. Additionally, this study also tests the mediating effect of inter-est on the intention to work in the rural area of pharmacy students. A conceptual model is developed based on the two popular theories; namely theory of individual behavior and theory of interest. This model consists of three independent and one mediating and dependent variable. A quantitative ap-proach is used to test the hypotheses. With a structured questionnaire, this study is managed to get 675 students from different pharmacy schools. Multiple regression and Sobel tests are applied to test the direct and mediating effect. Results show that two out of three had a significant direct effect on pharmacy students’ intention to work in rural area. Similarly, a mediating effect also reveals the same. Based on the results, it is clear that predisposing variable is the most important for the phar-macy students’ interest to work in the rural area. The finding of this study, indeed, fills the paucity of the empirical evidence regarding pharmacy students’ working intention to the rural area, especial-ly in the Indonesian context. Based on the findings, this study provides several recommendations for the government as well as pharmacy curricula developer.

The purpose of this paper is to discover the perception of Umrah travel agents regarding the impact of service quality (SQ) on customer satisfaction (CS) in Malaysia. To perform and accomplish this task, the necessary data were collected through convenience sampling method based on self-administrated structure questionnaire. Out of 500 responses from the respondents, 384 samples were finally chosen and considered suitable for descriptive statistics analysis to fulfil the sole purpose of the paper. There were positive and significant relationship between the retail SQ dimensions and CS. Umrah travel industry contributes significantly on the Malaysian economic growth, and during the last decade the competition has increased dramatically. Therefore, this research study is intended to seek for solid empirical justification to consider SQ as a major and substantial factor in CS in Malaysian Umrah traveling industry.