The research aims to examine the role of supply chain strategy on eco-friendly commodity products and competitive advantage to improve financial performance of plastic recycling industries, export commitments and circular economic regulations as an intervening variable to see whether it will be better. This research involved a saturated sample of 176 employees in plastic recycle industries. Quantitative analysis was carried out through a survey approach using questionnaires and the Smart-PLS model structural analysis method. The interesting finding of this study is the eco-friendly commodity supply chain strategic and competitive advantage of plastic recycling products has a positive effect to improve financial performance. The circular economy regulation has a positive support also in this effect as well without any export commitment to the Indonesia plastic recycling industry. The importance of optimizing local resources in the eco-friendly commodities as recycling products to become a competitive advantage will be potentially in the export market.

In transportation, the multi-depot heterogeneous fleet vehicle routing problem with time windows (MDHFVRPTW) is one of the hard-to-solve real-life problems. In the study, a new node-based MDHFVRPTW has been developed. Unlike other studies in the literature, heterogeneous fleets including both airline and roadway vehicles are used for routing. In the model, real-life data of the airline and roadway are taken into consideration. In particular, important aviation constraints such as the range of the aircraft, landing and take-off cycle (LTO) cost according to the engine type, and the penalty cost are presented in the model. The problem is analysed by using narrow and wide time windows, which is the realization of fast and normal demand. A new hybrid genetic algorithm with variable neighborhood search (HGA-VNS) has been proposed for the solution of the MDHFVRPTW model. In the solution of the model, remarkable results have been obtained with the HGA-VNS algorithm compared to the genetic algorithm and off-the-shelf solvers. Also, the HGA-VNS algorithm has been tested with small and large-scale instances and compared with other studies in the literature. It is thought that the proposed MDHFVRPTW model and the developed HGA-VNS algorithm will bring a different perspective to transportation.

The study aimed to clarify the most important interconnected factors in the tourism sector “especially in hotels” that contribute to enhancing the interaction of current customers of hotels operating in tourism sector in light of the presence of the customer’s hotel experience as a moderator variable, through an empirical study on hotels, based on an analysis of the opinions of a sample of hotels customers in this sector. The study has been done depending on a questionnaire designed for this purpose and the study employs SmartPLS to analyze the data collected. The study found that the variables: employee efficiency, improving service quality, re-engineering business processes, and enhancing customer relationship management affect the business output generated by current customers of hotels, but the impact of these factors varies on the customers repurchase intention. The factor (Employee’s competencies- EC) has the greatest degree of correlation with an impact coefficient of (-0.227), while the lowest degree of correlation is for the factor (Reengineering business process- RBP) with an impact coefficient of (-0.034). By adopting the variable (CSE) as a moderator variable, the relationships between the independent factors and the dependent factor showed a significant change from the inverse relationship to the direct relationship. The study also showed, through the coefficient of determination (16.1%), that the selected independent factors can be developed either by expanding the sample or by selecting other simple factors or a composite of more than one factor. The moderator variable showed a negative effect on the relationship between the dependent factor (CR) and both factors (ERM and ISQ), while its effect was positive on the relationship between the dependent factor and the other independent factors (RBP and EC).

Protein IDO1 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) occupies a critical position in the regulation of the immune system and is involved in cancer progression and the development of immune diseases. Being a therapeutic target for such critical diseases, we aimed to investigate the IDO1 inhibition activity of thirty-nine triazole derivatives using a quantitative structure-activity relationship. The dataset was under principal component analysis, multiple linear regression, and multiple non-linear regression from which two models were generated. The best 2D-QSAR model was generated using linear regression, demonstrating a determination coefficient of R2=0.680, a good acceptable internal cross-validated coefficient of R2cv=0.700, an error of MSE=0.074, and a good predictive potential of R2test=0.809. The QSAR model was further investigated using the applicability domain, which showed that all molecules were within the applicability domain, hence the absence of an outlier. Overall, the obtained results provide a reliable and highly predictive model for the design and prediction of new IDO1 inhibitors thereby influencing cancer progression and autoimmune disease development.

This study investigates the direct impact of green marketing, green brands, green purchasing decisions, eco-label, and the theory of planned behavior on consumer behavior among women in Saudi Arabia, in addition to knowing the role of the theory of planned behavior as a moderating variable of the relationship between green marketing, green brands, green purchasing decisions, eco-label, and the theory of consumer behavior among women in Saudi Arabia. Questionnaires were distributed to 414 women in Saudi Arabia, and the data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) for 377 valid questionnaires for analysis and hypothesis testing. This study evaluates a structural model to understand the impact of various factors on consumer behavior among Saudi women, focusing on environmental labels, green purchasing decisions, green brands, green marketing, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The analysis confirms that environmental labels have a positive and significant effect on consumer behavior, supporting the hypothesis that they influence sustainable consumption. Conversely, green purchasing decisions, green brands, and green marketing do not show a statistically significant effect on consumer behavior, challenging assumptions that these factors alone drive sustainable choices. The TPB was found to moderate the impact of environmental labels and green brands but did not consistently influence consumer behavior or interact effectively with other factors like green purchasing decisions and green marketing. The study’s findings suggest that while environmental labels are crucial, green marketing and branding strategies need to be more comprehensive. Additionally, TPB's role as a moderator varies, indicating the need for context-specific approaches to understand and influence consumer behavior better. The study highlights the importance of tailored strategies and continued research to refine models and interventions for promoting sustainable consumption.

Buckminsterfullerene fragments are interesting to use in hydrogen adsorption because of the suitable properties possessed by their concave structure. In the present paper, adsorption of hydrogen on the bowl-shaped corannulene and its derivatives is investigated. Both electron donor and electron acceptor are explored in the substitution and 28 derivatives are generated. DFT calculations are performed by means of WB97XD functional. The substitution number and the substitution nature of corannulene derivatives are analyzed through results based on several parameters. Besides bowl depth and equilibrium distance, also charge distribution and some reactivity indices, based on MEDT, are reported. Results show that a newly created charge distribution contributes to a better binding process.

This quantitative study examined the relationships between privacy, trust and level of service quality, and customer satisfaction. Jordanian firm employees involved in CRM technology were the study samples. Data from 620 completed questionnaires were analyzed utilizing AMOS software version 23. The study hypotheses were tested through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The causal relationships among the study’s main variables were examined as well. Results showed a positive impact of trust, privacy, and level of service quality on customer satisfaction. Managers and practitioners could pursue this study results in their CRM systems implementation. Additionally, the relations between privacy, trust and level of service quality, and customer satisfaction could be examined further as these relations in CRM systems have not been adequately examined, especially in emergent industries of developing countries.

In this research, new azochalcone derivatives (6, 7) were synthesized by using three methods: the first one is diazotization - coupling method of different aromatic amines (sulfanilic acid, 2-aminopyridine) with chalcone (5), the second, aldol condensation method of azoaryl hydroxyacetophenone compounds with 4-dimethylamino benzaldehyde in presence of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, the last one is method of aldol condensation of azoaryl hydroxyacetophenone compounds with 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in presence of piperidine as an organic catalyst. The yield was the best by using the aldol condensation method with sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. New azoflavone derivatives (8, 9) with good yields (78-84 %) were also synthesized by performing cyclization reactions of azochalcone derivatives using iodine in dimethyl sulfoxide. The identity of the new compounds was determined using spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR).

In the present work, a new protocol was developed for the synthesis of 2,4,5-triaryl imidazoles via three component condensation of aryl aldehyde, benzil and ammonium acetate in the presence of 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hexafluoro phosphate ([BMIM][PF6]) as a catalyst under reflux in ethanol. The present protocol has many beneficial advantages such as excellent yields, easy workup procedure, green catalyst and purification of the targeted molecules without the use of column chromatography which increases the green chemistry value of the present work.

This study aimed to demonstrate the impact of artificial intelligence with its dimensions (genetic algorithms, neural networks, intelligent agents, and machine learning) on tax compliance through the mediating role of electronic auditing. The research method used in this study was the descriptive analytic technique, to describe and analyze the phenomenon of the study, which is the effect of artificial intelligence on tax compliance through the mediation of electronic auditing and its relevance to the Jordanian tax authorities. The targeted study population was 205 auditors comprising the directorate of first commercial, directorate of second commercial, directorate of industrial and directorate of services of the income and sales tax department. These are the persons who represent the parties with special knowledge and experience in tax auditing issues. Because of the restricted number of people in the research, an extensive survey technique was applied to choose the study sample. The sample for this research study became the population amounting to 205 people in the Director of Large Taxpayer and medium Tax Payer Department of Income and Sales Tax. SPSS V. 20 was used to process and analyze all the data employing several statistical techniques. In line with the stated objectives, the study established important conclusions where the first was the presence of a significant effect of artificial intelligence on tax compliance through the influential electronic auditing variable. This means to emphasize the significance and function of technologies and AI in the sphere of electronic auditing and to develop their potential in organizing the tax processes and increasing the level of tax compliance. The first systematic suggestions stress the fact that improvements and modernization of the IT environment within the scope of tax departments is needed in order to ensure sufficient support for electronic auditing and artificial intelligence, and to equip the latter with suitable tools and big data analysis software.