The present paper develops a sustainable framework under a supply chain environment by considering a vendor and a buyer. The vendor governs the manufacturing process to serve the demand of the buyer. The manufacturing system is imperfect which ends up producing some fraction of defectives. For the sake of maintaining the goodwill of the organization, it is imperative to maintain the quality standards. Thus, the buyer employs the screening process to bifurcate the perfect items from the imperfect ones. The imperfect items secluded after screening are reverted back to the vendor, for which a warranty cost is incurred. Further, in an attempt to achieve sustainability the model considers the carbon-emissions costs during the transportation process. A one-time discrete investment is also considered for minimizing the setup cost of the vendor for subsequent cycles. The models are developed for the case of the individual decision and for the joint verdict of the players under consideration. Moreover, it has been proved that the integrated model performs proficiently over the individual model. The objective is to jointly optimize the costs sustained by the two players. Numerical analysis and sensitivity analysis is done for imparting the validity and robustness of the model.

In the present research work, four different multi response optimization techniques, viz. multiple response signal-to-noise (MRSN) ratio, weighted signal-to-noise (WSN) ratio, Grey relational analysis (GRA) and VIKOR (VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje in Serbian) methods have been used to optimize the electro-discharge machining (EDM) performance characteristics such as material removal rate (MRR), tool wear rate (TWR) and surface roughness (SR) simultaneously. Experiments have been planned on a D2 steel specimen based on L9 orthogonal array. Experimental results are analyzed using the standard procedure. The optimum level combinations of input process parameters such as voltage, current, pulse-on-time and pulse-off-time, and percentage contributions of each process parameter using ANOVA technique have been determined. Different correlations have been developed between the various input process parameters and output performance characteristics. Finally, the optimum performances of these four methods are compared and the results show that WSN ratio method is the best multiresponse optimization technique for this process. From the analysis, it is also found that the current has the maximum effect on the overall performance of EDM operation as compared to other process parameters.

Most of the supply chain models have been developed under symmetric information structure i.e. players have complete knowledge of each other’s policies. But in most of the cases, players do not have complete information about the other players i.e. some information regarding their businesses is hidden. This paper studies supply chain model of imperfect quality items under asymmetric information in which unit price taken by the buyer and unit marketing expenditure are influencing product’s demand. This information is hidden to seller. The seller delivers the supply to the buyer. Each delivered lot goes through an inspection process at the buyer’s side. In the inspection process, the items are divided into two categories. The first category is perfect quality items while the second category is of imperfect quality items. After the inspecting the lots, the perfect quality commodities are to be sold at selling price and the imperfect items are supposed to get sold at a discounted price. The interaction between two constituents of the supply chain is modeled by non-cooperative Seller Stackelberg game approach in which the role of leader is played by the seller while the role of follower is played by the buyer. In our proposed model, the seller does not have information related to market demand but the buyer does. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis explain the significance of the theory.

This paper demonstrates an experimental scrutiny into turning process of hot work tool steel AISI H21 under dry machining plight. In this paper, face centered central composite design concealed by response surface methodology is practiced and analysis of variance is implemented to analyze the eloquent benefaction of machining parameters on responses. To access accommodate between the surface roughness and the MRR, an approach for concurrent optimization of multi-objective characteristics based on comprehensive desirability function is employed. The multi objective optimization concludes a spindle speed of 1599.568 rpm, feed rate of 0.262 mm/rev and depth of cut of 2 mm.

Vendor managed inventory system is vendor centric inventory system in which all inventory decisions are taken by vendor rather than buyer. This study considers non-instantaneous deteriorating items with generalized type time dependent deterioration rate when demand rate is quadratic function of time and shortages are allowed with partial backlogging. The paper aims to compare traditional inventory system and vendor managed inventory system by analyzing total cost function. To validate the model, numerical example and sensitivity analysis are performed. The analysis shows that vendor managed inventory is more beneficial compare with the traditional inventory system.

There is an increase in awareness about sustainable manufacturing process. Manufacturing industries are backbone of a country’s economy. Although it is important but there is a great concern about consumption of resources and waste creation. The primary aim of this study was to explore sustainability concern in turning process in an Indian machining industry. The effect of cutting parameters, Speed/Feed/Depth of Cut, the machining environment, Dry/MQL/Wet, and the type of cutting tool on sustainability factors under study were observed. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the data obtained from experimentation in a small scale machining industry. The process is modelled mathematically using response surface methodology (RSM).The economic and environmental aspect like surface roughness, material removal rate and energy consumption were considered as sustainability factors. The model helps to understand the effect of the cutting parameters and conditions on surface finish, energy consumption, and material removal rate. The process was optimized for minimum power consumption considering environmental concern as prime importance. Studies suggest that the cutting environment and tool type influenced on the power consumption during turning process. Extended form of the proposed model could be useful to predict the environmental impact due to machining process, which would bring environmental concern into conventional machining.

Trim cutting operation in wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is considered as a probable solution to improve surface characteristics and geometrical accuracy by removing very small amount of work materials from the surface obtained after a rough cutting operation. In this study, an attempt has been made to model the surface roughness and dimensional shift in trim cutting operations in WEDM process through response surface methodology (RSM). Four process parameters; namely pulse-on time (Ton), servo voltage (SV), wire depth (Wd) and Dielectric flow rate (FR) have been considered as input parameters in trim cutting operations for modelling. Desirability function has been employed to optimize multi performance characteristics. Increasing the value of Ton, Wd and FR increases the surface roughness and dimensional shift but increasing SV decreases both surface roughness and dimensional shift. Quadratic models have been proposed for both the performance characteristics. In present experimentation, thickness of recast layer was observed in the range of 6?m to 12?m for low to high value of discharge parameters.

The optimum selection of process parameters has played an important role for improving the surface finish, minimizing tool wear, increasing material removal rate and reducing machining time of any machining process. In this paper, optimum parameters while machining AISI D2 hardened steel using solid carbide TiAlN coated end mill has been investigated. For optimization of process parameters along with multiple quality characteristics, principal components analysis method has been adopted in this work. The confirmation experiments have revealed that to improve performance of cutting; principal components analysis method would be a useful tool.

The present paper studies the reliability analysis of the casting process in foundry work using a probabilistic approach. As foundry industries in many developing countries suffer from poor quality of casting due to improper management, lack of resources and wrong working methods followed, which results in the decrement of productivity. Hence, to ensure the quality and productivity, favorable steps must be taken. The considered casting system has four main types of defects; namely mold shift, shrinkage, cold shut and blowholes. The complete casting system can fail due to the misalignment of the mold and combination of defects such as shrinkage and blow holes and can also fail by defects of shrinkage, blow holes and cold shut, simultaneously. The system is analyzed with the help of the supplementary variable technique and Laplace transformation. The availability, reliability, mean time to failure, sensitivity analysis and cost-effectiveness have been evaluated for the considered system. The results have been shown with the help of graphs, which predicts the behavior of the casting process system when any one of the defect or more than one defect appears.

The Mg/Fe = 3 hydrotalcite as reusable solid catalyst was found to be an excellent heterogeneous base catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidinones/thiones, a multicomponent reaction using substituted aromatic aldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and urea/thiourea. The work has been carried out under thermal solvent free conditions. Mg/Fe = 3 hydrotalcite heterogeneous solid catalyst offers simple means of recovery and the isolated catalyst was reused for number of times without significant loss of catalytic activity.