A simple and efficient method for the synthesis of fifteen novel ketene dithioacetals (2-(6-amino5-cyano-4-aryl-4H-1,3-dithiin-2-ylidene) malononitrile) via a one-pot three-component reaction of activated methylene group malononitrile with carbon disulfide in the presence of arylidene malononitriles were reported. The effects of LiOH.H₂O as a base at different concentrations have been investigated and can provide products in good yields at 40-50ºC temperature (54-89%). All the synthesized ketene dithioacetals compounds (MCB1-MCB15) were checked for favorable pharmacokinetic param¬eters along with toxicities which are based on drug-likeness explained by Lipinski’s rule of five by Med chem designer software correlated with that of pkCSM online tool. Explorations of synthesized ketene dithioacetals compounds for the antimicrobial study were found to be effective towards Staphylococcus aureus (MCB5 and MCB13) with a zone of inhibition at 26mm and 22mm which is compared to that of standard ciprofloxacin (26mm). This made our study to explore the inhibition mechanism with the help of molecular docking studies with possible binding energies (-6.4 to -8.9 kJ/mol) by pyrx 0.8 software to represent a good prediction of interactions between the ligand and protein (2XCT). Further evaluation of druggability and ADMET predictions compounds MCB5 and MCB13 were found to be effective. Based on the in-vitro and in-silico studies a series of ketene dithioacetals compounds may be helpful for further studying SAR and designing more potent antimicrobials.

This study reports the flow stress behavior of three P92 steels with different compositions. Uniaxial compression tests were conducted in the deformation temperature range of 575 °C to 650 °C and strain rate range of 0.001-0.5 s-1 using a Gleeble® 3500 thermo-mechanical simulator. A simple physically-based constitutive model was used to analyse the effects of deformation conditions (temperature and strain rate) on the metal flow stress behavior during the deformation process. The method accounts for the temperature dependence of Young’s modulus and the lattice self-diffusion coefficient of Fe in the ferrite. Constitutive equations describing the flow stress behavior of the three P92 steels were developed. From the results, the stress exponent n of 26.13(steel A), 21.61(steel B) and 27.55 (steel C) were obtained using the self-diffusion activation energy in the physically-based constitutive equation. From the results, the three steels had variation in the stress exponent values, which was attributed to differences in elemental content, such as chromium and tungsten. The developed constitutive equations were verified using statistical parameters: Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R) and average absolute relative errors (AARE). Statistical analysis showed that the three steels had the same R of 0.98, while AARE was: 1.68 (steel A), 1.72 (steel B), and 1.82 (steel C). The constitutive equations developed showed a good correlation between the experimental and predicted flow stress data. Hence, the method is applicable in describing flow stress behavior in the metalworking process in the industry.

Designing an efficient supply chain for organ transplant networks which is intimately related to humans’ life plays a primary role in improving the network’s performance. This research is focused on proposing a new multi-period location-allocation modeling approach to make appropriate strategic decisions for designing organ transplant networks under supply and budget uncertainties. To serve this purpose, a bi-objective possibilistic programming model is formulated the aim of which is to maximize network responsiveness and minimize the total cost. A fuzzy goal programming approach is adopted to solve multiple objective function models and control their deviations from the corresponding aspiration levels. As an important contribution of this study, the chance of success of transplantation processes is taken into consideration by proposing appropriate utility functions according to transportation criteria. Moreover, for the purpose of coping with the inherent uncertainty of the input parameters, a possibilistic programming model based on Me measure converted to three optimistic, realistic and pessimistic models is developed. Three new formulations have also been developed to tackle equality chance constraints. Finally, the optimal solutions of the developed models are analyzed through conducting a real case study in Iran. According to the results, for the considered organ transplant network, the possibilistic programming model based on the realistic measure is better than the optimistic and pessimistic measure in most confidence levels.

This paper presents a study of the solar dome system that is considered as one of the most important economical solutions in the domain of drinking water production. For this, a mathematical model was built from equations describing the optical and thermal phenomenon involved in this process. The concentration of radiation and the heat flow were simulated in each 0.1m² of the dome using the metrological parameters of Morocco’s region Rabat-Salé-Kenitra. The results can follow the evolution of the temperature of glass, salt water, point dew temperature, saturation pressure and evaporation rate as well as humidity reached in August month for the study zone. For this, a numerical implementation on Matlab and Ansys are compared with measurements for the same parameters shown in the domain study of single slope. The comparison results are more significant by the rise of the ray concentration rate reached to 99% if the inclination angle of the heliostat is divided into three intervals. The saturation pressure increases as long as with the rate of evaporation and the humidity that produces ordinary daily fresh water.

Single crystalline Mn₃O₄ nanowires have been synthesized with tetragonal hausmannite structure using a solvothermal method. The structural and morphological evolution of Mn₃O₄ nanowires have been characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and electron resonance spectroscopy. The nanowires were grown uniformly along the (200) direction with a diameter of 5–10 nm range. A relatively broad and intense electron spin resonance (ESR) signal was observed at room temperature, with the g ≈ 2.0. As the synthesis temperature increases from 150 to 250 °C, a decrease in ESR signal intensity and line widths were observed. Mn₃O₄ displayed a positive Curie-Weiss temperature, θ, which decreases with the increase of synthesis temperature.

Nickel based bimetallic nanocrystals, iridium-nickel play an imperative role in catalysis, electrocatalysis, and magnetic applications. In the present work Ir-Ni bimetallic nanoalloys were synthesized by modified polyol reduction method with different cationic, anionic, and non-ionic surface active agents like CTAB, SDS, TSC, and PVP. The non-ionic surface active agent PVP produced a better effect on nanoparticle size than cationic and anionic surfactants. The synthesized bimetallic nanocrystals were characterized by UV-Vis, XRD, FTIR, FESEM, and HRTEM techniques. XRD and FTIR verify the nature of synthesized bimetallic nanocrystals and the interaction between stabilizers and nanoparticles. HRTEM studies reveal that the PVP stabilized Ir-Ni (3:1) and Ir-Ni (1:1) bimetallic nanocrystals are small in size and less dispersed. Particle size range of these nanoparticles is from (1.77-2.36) nm. FESEM images show that nanoparticles are in quasi spherical shape. EDX analysis indicates that the resultant particles are core shell structure with Ni core and Ir shell.

This work aims to make a unique polymer to be used as a conductive and flexible chip antenna. Its properties are robustness, rigidity, stretchability, and good conduction. The fabricated composite is composed of two copolymers, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and Polyethylenimine (PEI), assembled with nano metals (Copper, Silver), and graphene nanoparticles as a matrix. Nano metals fill out the inter-layer space, and polymer voids reinforce the cross linker. Graphene/metal nanoparticles help make chelating complexes using metallic bonds, enhancing the polymer’s conductivity from 1.87 × 10-4 to 5.64 ×10-6 σ Scm-1. The conductivity, self-healing, and surface morphology of fabricated composite are analyzed using different spectroscopic techniques, such as electrochemical impedance (EIS), Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM), Transition Electronic Microscopy (TEM), Infrared spectroscopy (IR), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV), and a particle size analyzer.

Home health care faces new challenges day by day and it has become increasingly legitimate in the face of an aging population. Home healthcare centers are exposed to cumulative demands and academics are paying attention to the routing and scheduling matter, which is offered in literature as a Technician Routing and Scheduling Problem (TRSP) where the aim is to minimize the total cost subject to the time windows constraints to serve the patients respecting their priorities. In this paper, we develop a new distributed algorithm to resolve the home health care routing and scheduling problem (HHRSP). The principal idea of this algorithm is to apply artificial intelligence techniques in a distributed optimization method. The integration of automatic learning and search methods are applied to optimize the assignment of appointments to home caregivers. It allows us to gain time, effort, especially cost, and while complying with the problem constraints. The comparison results prove the efficacy of the recommended approach, which can offer decision support for medical executives of home health care.

Different metal catalysts have been tested for the one-pot transformation of carbonyl compounds, amines and phosphites to α-aminophosphonates. The influence of catalyst type, amount, solvent and the substrate electronic factor have been investigated. The results revealed that the carbonyl compounds could be smoothly converted into α-aminophosphonates at room temperature in good to excellent yields, with or without solvent in a reasonable reaction time. These results suggested that among others, lithium perchlorate and metal triflates were proven to be effective catalysts in 10 moles % catalysts. Polar aprotic solvents proved to be the best for the synthesis of α-aminophosphonates. The synthesized compounds' structure characterizations were elucidated by different spectroscopic tools and showed results consistent with the expected structures.

A fire fighting and rescue motorcycle fitted with a fire fighting and rescue vehicle cluster on the vehicle's suspension will change the vehicle's center of gravity, affecting the vehicle's stability during travel. By modeling the kinematics in the planar motion of a two-wheeled motorcycle with 4 degrees of freedom, the paper has built a system of differential equations for the planar motion of the vehicle. Investigate the influence of the installation position of the vehicle cluster, the road surface collision, and the vehicle's speed on the loading and unloading of the vehicle in the process of moving in a straight line. The test results evaluate the reliability of the theoretical model.