This paper suggests an advanced hybrid multi output optimization technique by applying weighted principal component analysis (WPCA) incorporated with response surface methodology (RSM). This investigation has been carried out through a case study in CNC turning of Aluminum alloy 63400 for surface roughness (Ra) and tool vibration (db) optimization. Primarily, input parameters such as spindle speed (N), feed rate (S) and depth of cut (t) are designed for experiment by using RSM Box-Behnken methodology. The aluminum alloy workpieces are machined by using coated carbide tool (inserts) in dry environment. Secondly, the empirical model for the responses as the functions of cutting parameters are obtained through RSM technique and the adequacy of the models have been checked using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Finally, the process parameters are optimized using WPCA technique. The confirmatory experiment has been performed using optimized result and it reveals that multiple response performance index (MPI) value was increased by 0.2908 from initial setting. The increases in MPI value indicates that the aforesaid optimization methodology is suitably acceptable for multi response optimization for turning process.

A note published by Chinta et al. (2016) [Chinta, S., Kommadath, R. & Kotecha, P. (2016) A note on multi-objective improved teaching–learning based optimization algorithm (MO-ITLBO). Information Science, 373, 337-350.] reported some impediments in implementation of MO-ITLBO algorithm. However, it is observed that their comments are based on incorrect understanding of TLBO, ITLBO and MO-ITLBO algorithms. Their raised issues are thoroughly addressed in this paper and it is proved that MO-ITLBO algorithm has no lacunae.

The hub location problem (HLP) is one of the strategic planning problems encountered in different contexts such as supply chain management, passenger and cargo transportation industries, and telecommunications. In this paper, we consider a reliable uncapacitated multiple allocation hub location problem under hub disruptions. It is assumed that every open hub facility can fail during its use and in such a case, the customers originally assigned to that hub, are either reassigned to other operational hubs or they do not receive service in which case a penalty must be paid. The problem is modeled as two-stage stochastic program and a metaheuristic algorithm based on the adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) is proposed. Extensive computational experiments based on the CAB and TR data sets are conducted. Results show the high efficiency of the proposed solution method.

This paper introduces a new bi-objective vehicle routing problem that integrates the Open Location Routing Problem (OLRP), recently presented in the literature, coupled with the growing need for fuel consumption minimization, named Green OLRP (G-OLRP). Open routing problems (ORP) are known to be NP-hard problems, in which vehicles start from the set of existing depots and are not required to return to the starting depot after completing their service. The OLRP is a strategic-level problem involving the selection of one or many depots from a set of candidate locations and the planning of delivery radial routes from the selected depots to a set of customers. The concept of radial paths allows us to use a set of constraints focused on maintaining the radiality condition of the paths, which significantly simplifies the set of constraints associated with the connectivity and capacity requirements and provides a suitable alternative when compared with the elimination problem of sub-tours traditionally addressed in the literature. The emphasis in the paper will be placed on modeling rather than solution methods. The model proposed is formulated as a bi-objective problem, considering the minimization of operational costs and the minimization of environmental effects, and it is solved by using the epsilon constraint technique. The results illustrate that the proposed model is able to generate a set of trade-off solutions leading to interesting conclusions about the relationship between operational costs and environmental impact.

In a continuous manufacturing environment where production and consumption occur simultaneously, one of the biggest challenges is the efficient management of production and inventory system. In order to manage the integrated production inventory system economically it is necessary to identify the optimal production time and the optimal production reorder point that either maximize the profit or minimize the cost. In addition, during production the process has to go through some natural phenomena like random breakdown of machine, deterioration of product over time, uncertainty in repair time that eventually create the possibility of shortage. In this situation, efficient management of inventory & production is crucial. This paper addresses the situation where a perishable (deteriorated) product is manufactured and consumed simultaneously, the demand of this product is stable over the time, machine that produce the product also face random failure and the time to repair this machine is also uncertain. In order to describe this scenario more appropriately, the continuously reviewed Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) model is considered in this research work. The main goal is to identify the optimal production uptime and the production reorder point that ultimately minimize the expected value of total cost consisting of machine setup, deterioration, inventory holding, shortage and corrective maintenance cost.

The product-mix planning and the lot size decisions are some of the most fundamental research themes for the operations research community. The fact that markets have become more unpredictable has increaed the importance of these issues, rapidly. Currently, directors need to work with product-mix planning and lot size decision models by introducing stochastic variables related to the demands, lead times, etc. However, some real mathematical models involving stochastic variables are not capable of obtaining good solutions within short commuting times. Several heuristics and metaheuristics have been developed to deal with lot decisions problems, in order to obtain high quality results within short commuting times. Nevertheless, the search for an efficient model by considering product mix and deal size with stochastic demand is a prominent research area. This paper aims to develop a general model for the product-mix, and lot size decision within a stochastic demand environment, by introducing the Economic Value Added (EVA) as the objective function of a product portfolio selection. The proposed stochastic model has been solved by using a Sample Average Approximation (SAA) scheme. The proposed model obtains high quality results within acceptable computing times.

The objective of the present work is to use a suitable method that can optimize the process parameters like pulse on time (TON), pulse off time (TOFF), wire feed rate (WF), wire tension (WT) and servo voltage (SV) to attain the maximum value of MRR and minimum value of surface roughness during the production of a fine pitch spur gear made of copper. The spur gear has a pressure angle of 20⁰ and pitch circle diameter of 70 mm. The wire has a diameter of 0.25 mm and is made of brass. Experiments were conducted according to Taguchi’s orthogonal array concept with five factors and two levels. Thus, Taguchi quality loss design technique is used to optimize the output responses carried out from the experiments. Another optimization technique i.e. desirability with grey Taguchi technique has been used to optimize the process parameters. Both the optimized results are compared to find out the best combination of MRR and surface roughness. A confirmation test was carried out to identify the significant improvement in the machining performance in case of Taguchi quality loss. Finally, it was concluded that desirability with grey Taguchi technique produced a better result than the Taguchi quality loss technique in case of MRR and Taguchi quality loss gives a better result in case of surface roughness. The quality of the wire after the cutting operation has been presented in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) figure.

From the past decades, increasing attention has been paid to the quality level of technological and mechanical properties achieved by the Additive Manufacturing (AM); these two elements have achieved a good performance, and it is possible to compare this with the results achieved by traditional technology. Therefore, the AM maturity is high enough to let industries adopt this technology in a more general production framework as the mechanical manufacturing industrial one is. Since the technological and mechanical properties are also beneficial for the materials produced with AM, the primary objective of this paper is to focus more on managerial facets, such as the cost control of a production environment, where these new technologies are present. This paper aims to analyse the existing literature about the cost models developed specifically for AM from an operations management point of view and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of all models.

Turning experiments were conducted on a novel aluminum alloy (LM6)/fly ash composite based on the response surface and face centered central composite design methodology. The effects of cutting parameters on surface roughness and tool wear were investigated. Multiple regression models were developed for the responses and the adequacies of the developed models were tested at 95% confidence interval using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique. Carbide inserts (Model: CNMG 120408-M5) were used for turning the specimens in a CNC turning machine (model: LT-16). The test for significance of the regression models, the test for significance on individual model coefficients and the lack-of-fit tests were performed using the statistical Design-Expert7.0v software environments. R2 indicated the model significance and the value was more than 97%, revealed that the relation between cutting responses and input parameters held good for more than 97% and the model was adequate.

Perishability of platelets, uncertainty of donors’ arrival and conflicting views in platelet supply chain have made platelet supply chain planning a problematic issue. In this paper, mobile blood collection system for platelet production is investigated. Two mathematical models are presented to cover the bloodmobile collection planning problem. The first model is a multi-objective fuzzy mathematical programming in which the bloodmobiles locations are considered with the aim of maximizing potential amount of blood collection and minimizing the operational cost. The second model is a vehicle routing problem with time windows which studies the shuttles routing problem. To tackle the first model, it is reformulated as a crisp multi objective linear programming model and then solved through a fuzzy multi objective programming approach. Several sensitivity analysis are conducted on important parameters to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model. The proposed model is then solved by using a tailored Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm. The numerical results demonstrate promising efficiency of the proposed solution method.