Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) are important in driving a country’s economy and cover the entire manufacturing sector. Therefore, entrepreneurs with specific characteristics are needed for MSMEs to be successful. This study analyzed the exploratory components of entrepreneur characteristics in sustainably successful MSMEs. Data from interviewing 500 entrepreneurs who successfully operated MSMEs were analyzed using descriptive, referential, and multivariate statistics. Analysis of the entrepreneur characteristics’ exploratory components revealed that their Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index was 0.969, and eigenvalues after axis rotation were 6.545–8.899. Four components were extracted: leadership, personality, management skills, and morality/ethics. Entrepreneurs’ characteristics in sustainably successful MSMEs include the ability to prioritize tasks appropriately, punctuality, people management skills, consideration of non-violation of rights, and non-imitation of others.

The organizational performance at Punjab healthcare is crucial and often faces stock-outs of critical medicines and equipment at emergency department of different hospitals, which increased the mortality rate. Therefore, the study determined the effect of disruptive factors and inventory control as a mediator on organizational performance. Quantitative method with survey questionnaires on a 200-sample size through cluster sampling was used. SPSS and AMOS were used to examine Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling. The results found full mediation with a significant positive effect between study variables. Further, the study indicated that strict compliance of standardized operating procedures, professionally well-equipped staff, stock availability, and accurate inventories could reduce costs with improved service quality. This study is useful for the public healthcare facilities, ministries managing inventories and body of knowledge. Finally, the backlog inventories at public sector organizations need to be researched in future.

Management towards control of risk issues appeared as an important area in E-supply chain for researchers in the present fast growing market. Extensive research has been accomplished in this area, but still there are several risks and uncertainties. The present research aims to identify and consolidate various e-supply risk factors for developing a constructive measurement model. The study also assesses the influence of risk factors over e-supply chain operation in Indian mechanical industries. Thus, after a thorough research and detailed discussion, 38 Risks factors are identified through literature to prepare the questionnaire. A questionnaire based survey is carried out for collecting the primary data from 148 experts of mechanical manufacturing industries located in the national capital region of India. The research methodology is combined with descriptive statistics and factor analysis. SPSS 21 software tools is used for investigating the reliability and Amos Graphics 21 software is used for the fitment validation of the theoretical construct. The results suggest that all risk issues create significant negative influence e-supply chain process. The results also show negative effects of risks over e-supply chain performance. The current research outcome develops a stochastic model based on the e-supply chain risk factors used for reducing risks in e-supply chain operation.

The purpose of this study is to identify the types of halal food supply risks, types of mitigation strategies for the upstream supply chain and to examine the relationship between halal supply risk and mitigation strategy efforts using the lens of the agency theory. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is used to validate the variables of the study and regression is performed to analyze the relationship of halal food supply risk and mitigation strategy. It is identified that halal food supply risk (agency uncertainties) consists of quality risk, delivery risk, and price/cost risk. The mitigation strategy efforts consist of behavior-based management, buffer-based management, and traceability-based management. Results indicate that halal food supply risk significantly increase mitigation strategy efforts of firms. However, price & cost risk does not significantly increase behavior-based management. Practical implications include suggesting the firms to invest more in buffer-oriented so as to mitigate the agency uncertainties.

This study aims to confirm the information sharing behavior using social media scale and to vali-date every item and make it reliable as an inventory by using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The researcher adapted the measuring instruments for every latent construct from the literature and customized the items to suit this particular study. The study sent the revised questionnaire to 262 respondents in order to gather the pilot study data and able to get 163 filled ones as final data. The set of questionnaires consists of 66 items that assess the 6 constructs. Data is analyzed using SPSS AMOS Version 21.0. The results show that every construct achieved its Bartletts’ Test of Spherici-ty 6.0 with the re-sult of Information Sharing Behavior .000 and .871; Intention .000 and .782; Belief Expectancy .000 and .911; Attitude Influence .000 and .925; Readiness For Change .000 and .959; and Self-Efficacy .000 and .902. The entire item of the construct has exceeded the minimum limit of 0.7 reli-ability of Alpha Cronbach value to achieve the Internal Reliability. The new integrate model has been proposed due to this finding.

India has turned out to be one of the most favorite destinations for the patients who want to undertake cost effective medical care for various medical problems and who have infuriated from the long waiting lists for medical and diagnostic procedures in their home countries. This research aims to analyze different factors along with their intensity affecting medical tourism industry in a developing country like India so that managers and policymakers can take better decisions which will help in growth & promotion of Indian health tourism market. The study has been done by performing a cross-sectional survey within major hospitals in India and exploratory factor analysis and graph theory and matrix approach have been used to evaluate the intensity of variables affecting Indian medical tourism sector. Nineteen variables have been identified through review of literature, and four factors have been extracted including cost, quality of treatment and care, availability of experts, competitive advantage and political, legal and visa related factors. With the understanding of the intensity of different variables suitable precautions can be taken by the healthcare managers so that these variables can be handled very carefully.

This study aims to identify and evaluate the critical success factors (CSFs) for international development projects (IDPs) from the perspective of key IDP stakeholders in Afghanistan. The study adopts a quantitative cross-sectional survey research design. Thirty-one success factors were identified and shortlisted through literature reviews and validated by experts and IDP management practitioners. The study's target population is the IPD senior management, IDP team members, and the general public. Amongst 500 questionnaires distributed, a total of 217 were returned and considered for analysis. The result of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) revealed five key CSFs, namely: project cycle management, effective recruitment, continuous learning and adapting, project management method, and clear project goals and objectives. Besides, one-way ANOVA results revealed no statistically significant differences in the ranking of CSFs by the three groups of respondents. However, the post hoc test result indicated that the CSF 'continuous learning and adapting' was relatively rated lower by the general public. The findings of the study would assist the international community, their implementing partners, and IDP management practitioners in better management and successful implementation of IDPs in developing countries. It will also contribute to the CSFs theories and IDPM body of knowledge. The research is the first of its kind to examine the CSFs for IDPs in Afghanistan.

Organic black rice (OBR) is a healthy food that is environmentally friendly which is better than organic white rice and organic brown rice. However, the demand for OBR in Indonesia is still low. In addition, some people consider OBR as black sticky rice. Meanwhile, black rice has great potential to be developed in Indonesia because it has local varieties that are still rare, have a high selling value, and are suitable for cultivation based on the analysis of their farming. The rapid development of social media users in Indonesia causes organic black rice to be traded online via social commerce (s-commerce). There has been a lot of research on social commerce, but there is still very few social commerce research offering framework design. The purpose of this research is to develop a conceptual model (framework) of the online OBR purchasing decision process via s-commerce, and to identify the factors underlying consumer assessment of the process. As a result, the conceptual model shows consumers recognize the need for OBR through free platforms, namely Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Instagram, blogs, article sites, through friends and through family. The factors underlying consumers' assessment of the online OBR purchasing decision process were security in purchasing decisions, Internet, friends, satisfaction with the results, Instagram and other social media, and family factor. These factors can be used as important considerations in online OBR marketing via s-commerce.

This paper presents an exploratory factor analysis on knowledge management and organizational innovation items influencing on organizational strategy. The study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes it among 210 employees in an insurance firm named Dana located in Iran. Cronbach alpha has been well above 0.90, which confirms the validity of the overall survey. Using principle component analysis, the study extracts six critical success factors influencing on knowledge management including knowledge management processes, organizational culture, organizational structure, human resources, information technology, top management support and three factors of innovation including product innovation, process innovation, and organizational performance.

, , and For years, there has been growing interest on virtues, especially in various organizations and progressive companies are exploring their impacts in generating new, holistic, healthy, and human work environments. Many firms are trying to become more sensitive to the requirements of the community and virtuous concerns such as caring, compassion, integrity and wisdom, and less interested in ideas such as efficiency, profitability and competitive advantage. In other words, most firms are going towards virtuous firms. The primary objective of this work is to detect the drivers and principal components of a virtuous firm to put virtues into practice. The study consists of two parts. In the first part, a Delphi study among the informed individuals is conducted and request them to detect the most effective drivers of virtuous firm, while in the second step, we do an exploratory factor analysis to detect the principal factors influencing virtuous organization. The data implemented in this phase include questionnaire responses. The survey distributes 750 questionnaires and collects 574 valid responses. The factor analysis empirically grouped the drivers of virtuous organization into five factors including Leadership, Human Resource, Organizational Culture, Structure and Processes and Care for Community. These five factors describe approximately 81.305% of the total variance. Finally, we ranked the principal factors extracted from factor analysis.