A new and simple synthetic methodology for the preparation of 3-arylpyrimido[4,5-c]pyridazine-5,7(6H,8H)-diones and 3-aryl-5-oxo-7-thioxo-7,8-dihydropyrimido[4,5-c]pyridazin-5(6H)-ones by a one-pot three component reaction of barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid with arylglyoxals in the presence of catalytic amount of ZrOCl2∙8H2O as green Lewis acid and hydrazine hydrate at ambient temperature in water was reported. All of these pyrimidopyridazines derivatives have one clustered water molecule in their molecular structure. The use of ZrOCl2∙8H2O catalyst is feasible because of its easy availability, convenient handling, high stability, simple recovery, reusability, good activity and eco-friendly.

The general objective of this study is to examine the relationship among financial accountability, ethical issues and organizational citizenship behaviour, in a national economic system. The null hypothesis of the study examined the inverted trajectories of the variables. The work is situated within the context of Nigeria’s national economy, which typifies a fragile economic system. We have argued in the work that the fragility of the Nigerian national economic system (which is representative of similar economies among developing nations) is a function of its input-output processes. The study essentially finds that to reverse the trend of fragility in an economic system (a national economic system) in the context of developing economies, the issues of financial accountability, ethical questions and great organizational citizenship behaviour must in their combinatory format, be elevated to the status of a national imperative. We found in the work, that ethical regeneration is antecedent to institutional reform, in the schemata of mechanisms, for reversing the tendency of fragility, in troubled economic systems, classifiable as developing or underdeveloped.

In this paper, a method for severity fault diagnosis of ball bearings is presented. The method is based on wavelet packet transform (WPT), statistical parameters, principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM). The key to bearing faults diagnosis is features extraction. Hence, the proposed technique consists of preprocessing the bearing fault vibration signal using statistical parameters and energy obtained through the application of Db8- WPT at the third level of decomposition. After feature extraction from vibration signal, PCA is employed for dimensionality reduction. Finally, particle swarm optimization with passive congregation-based support vector machine is used to classify seven kinds of bearing faults. The classification results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method for severity faults diagnosis in ball bearings.

Indium (III) chloride (InCl3) and metaphosphoric acid ((HPO3)n) were found to be efficient and recyclable catalysts for the synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives as biologically important molecules in high turnover numbers and rates. Several substituted xanthenes can be prepared in high yield and purity by direct reaction of cyclic B-diketones and aldehyde derivatives in the presence of a catalytic amount of InCl3 and (HPO3)n as Lewis acids and at ambient temperature under solvent-free conditions. This newly reported procedure profit some advantages such as short reaction times, high yields of products, cheap, easy to use, facile practical conditions, and wholesome with green chemistry without using harmful solvents.

When a structure is influenced by the earthquake external force, some energy imposed to the structure is dissipated and remained energy causes structure displacements. Dissipated energy in the structure depends on the type of structure and its optimal engineering design. In any typical structure, the type of connections, stiffness of structure, dampers, place of windfall and damper and other factors play significant role in the amount of dissipated energy. This article introduces a new resilience factor which is a function of energy dissipation factors of input seismic energy. Mathematical equations are presented for this factor and its limits are determined for different periods. The applicability of the proposed factor is also investigated for two typical structural examples.

Global pandemic has provoked industries with unprecedented challenges. Stratagems to squash the COVID-19 bow like communal lockdown, social isolation, work at home, containment zones and all restraints sited on travel with stay home orders issued by the authorities led to sharp failure in revenues of service and manufacturing industries. The COVID-19 pandemic has shattered the transportation links with supply chain amongst suppliers, production amenities and consumers. Mostly the business executives are penetrating about passable strategies and plans for restoring production lines to encounter customer mandates. In this paper the pandemic effect of Indian business is considered which are affected by critical barriers of supply chains in the Indian scenario. These critical barriers are identified on a priority basis using the MADM approach. Furthermore, the study will help the scholars to grow conceptual models for maintaining a better supply chain to overwhelm this world-wide problem.

This article deals with the thermoelastic interaction in a three-dimensional homogeneous and isotropic viscoelastic medium under the Dual-phase-lag model of generalized thermoelasticity. The resulting non-dimensional coupled equations are applied to a specific problem of a half-space whose surface is traction-free and is subjected to a time-dependent thermal shock. The analytical expressions for the displacement components, stress, temperature and strain are obtained in the physical domain by employing normal mode analysis. These expressions are also calculated for a copper-like material and have been depicted graphically. Discussions have been made to highlight the effect of viscosity on the studied field. The phenomenon of a finite speed of propagation is observed for each field. Also, if the effect of viscosity is neglected, the results agree with the existing literature.

This research aims to explore the significance of supply chain (SC) resilience by integrating SC-Resilience and SC-Ambidexterity concepts. SC-Ambidexterity refers to the simultaneous application of SC-Adaptability and SC-Alignment capabilities within the supply chain. In line with the dynamic capabilities view (DCV) of the firm, this research adopts a quantitative approach to investigate the relationship between variables in the context of manufacturing and production companies in Pakistan, specifically in Karachi. The results of this case study have revealed a strong positive impact of SC-Ambidexterity on SC-Resilience, confirming the significance of adopting concurrent and synchronized supply chain capabilities. Furthermore, the analysis indicated that SC-Agility plays a crucial role as a mediator in the relationship between SC-Ambidexterity and SC-Resilience. The findings suggest that organizations that proactively invest in developing both ambidextrous capabilities and agility are more likely to achieve a higher level of supply chain resilience, enabling them to effectively navigate turbulent business environments.

This paper is concerned with the vibration and stability analysis of thick rectangular plates resting on elastic foundation, which is distributed over the particular area of the plate. A two-parameter (Pasternak) model is considered to describe the elastic foundation. The eigenvalue problem in 3-D domain is numerically solved by a combination of the finite element and differential quadrature method (DQM). The energy principle is employed to derive the governing equations in the framework of three-dimensional, linear and small strain theory of elasticity. The in-plane domain of the problem is discretized using two-dimensional finite elements and spatial derivatives of equations in the thickness direction are discretized in strong-form using DQM. As a first endeavor, the mixed FE-DQ method has been employed for 3-D buckling and free vibration analysis of rectangular thick plates partially supported by an elastic foundation. The accuracy of obtained results is validated by comparing to the few analytical solutions in the literature.

Access to safe drinking water is essential for human health. In Abbottabad, tap and bore water are commonly used, but there has been a recent increase in bottled water consumption. This study aimed to compare tap and bottled water quality in Jinnahabad, Abbottabad. Physicochemical and bacteriological analysis was conducted on water samples collected from various sources. Surveys and interviews were also conducted to assess consumer perceptions and costs. The study found that, on average, bottled water had better physicochemical quality, although both alternatives met WHO limits. Tap water had higher levels of E. coli due to a weak sanitation system. Interestingly, despite perceiving bottled water as safer, most respondents still consumed tap water daily. Shopkeepers reported higher bottled water purchases for travel but lower daily consumption. Tap water was the main source, according to the Cantonment Board Abbottabad, though resources were insufficient. Doctors confirmed tap water-related diseases. The study suggests further research into consumer behavior and recommends monitoring measures, staff evaluations, and penalties to reduce costs and waste.