A series of new derivatives of 3-(pyrrol-4-yl)acrylamides 3a-l with the pyrrole nucleus functionalized by chlorine atoms and ester group, have been synthesized by simple preparative methods from the available esters of 5-chloro-4-formylpyrrol-3-carboxylic acids 1a-e. At first, 3-(pyrrol-4-yl)acrylic acids 2a-e were synthesized by the Knoevenagel’s reaction between malonic acid and the esters 1a-e. Then the target compounds were obtained with a high yield in the reactions between chloroanhydrides of the synthesized acrylic acids and aromatic or aliphatic amines in the boiling benzene. The structure of all obtained compounds was confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H-NMR, and ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy, and additionally checked by the mass-spectrometry. Then the antimicrobial activity of all amides was tested in vitro on some gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. It has been found that the gram-negative bacteria are resistant against the synthesized chemicals, while the gram-positive bacteria are sensitive to the amides 3с, e, f, g, i. The highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus MR and Staphylococcus epidermidis MS was registered for the amide 3f, and the retardation area diameter for this amide was greater than that for the control drugs.

Here derivatives of imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazines are attractive objects for organic and medicinal chemists. In the present work chemoselective conditions for oxidation of the sulfur atom in the 6-(2-pyridinyloxy)substituted (benzo)imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazines to the corresponding sulfoxides were proposed and their synthesis was performed. Synthesized sulfoxides exist in the diastereomeric mixture and individual diastereomers 2a-e and 3a-e were obtained using a chromatographic technique. The structure of compounds 2a-e and 3a-e were characterized using ¹H, ¹³C NMR, LC-MS spectra, and X-ray analysis for derivative 2b. The anti-inflammatory activity screening in vivo was performed using the carrageenan model of inflammatory paw edema in white rats for all the diastereomeric mixtures and individual diastereomers. Diastereomer 2c possessed an anti-inflammatory effect with an inflammation inhibition index of 46.1% which was equal to the activity of the reference drug diclofenac sodium.

A novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole containing 2-iminothiazolidine-4-ones 4a-b were synthesized through the reaction of 2-chloro-N-(5-ethyl/allylsulfanyl-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl)-acetamides 1a-b with ammonium thiocyanate in dry acetone. Condensation of 4a-b with various carbonyl compounds according to the standard Knoevenagel procedure yielded the corresponding 5-arylidene- (5a-d), 5-heterylidene- (6a-c), 5-isatinylidene- (7a-b) and 5-(3-phenyl-2-propene-1-ylidene)- (8a-b) derivatives. All the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by their elemental analysis and spectral data. Synthesized compounds 4a, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6c and 7a were screened for their in vitro antitrypanosomal activity against T. brucei gambience (Feo strain). The 5-ylidene substituted compounds with S-allyl group in position 5 of thiadiazole cycle (5a, 5b, 6a and 7a) displayed good to excellent antitrypanosomal potency with a range IC50 = 7.3-12.8 µM.

A review of the literature, multiple authors in order to systematize information on the effect of temperature in the range of 25-42 ° C on blood proteins, to conduct further studies of the effect of temperature on the stability of fibrinogen molecules in aqueous solution. Study of works on the determination of conformation and stability of protein molecules in the temperature range of living organisms.

The article substantiates the relevance and necessity of involving creativity, information and knowledge-based capital while forming and implementing the smart specialization policy of the EU regions. The scientific views on the relationship between the processes of economic growth, the use of creative, information and knowledge approaches, smart-oriented spatial and territorial planning are generalized. A new approach for assessing the creative, information and knowledge determinants of the EU regions’ economy transformations with the use of the multivariate regression analysis, a composite method, and strategic structural and functional design is developed. The scores of the sub-indices of the Global Innovation Index, the Global Talent Competitiveness Index and the World Digital Competitiveness Ranking are selected as the initial parameters of regression analysis. The relationships between these factors and the change in the GDP volume per capita, the share of GDP used for gross investment, high-tech exports, and the Global Quality of Life Index are revealed. The composite indicators of the concentration of creative and digital (ICT) industries in the EU regions are calculated (based on the level of enterprise concentration in an industry, the share of the employed in the field and the share of an industry in the regional economy in terms of wages). The priorities of smart specialization strategies of the EU’s individual regions, which are related to creative, information and knowledge factors, are identified. The calculations have confirmed sufficient closeness of the relationship between the use of creative, information and knowledge factors and the fulfillment of the tasks of smart specialization strategies in the EU regions. The sequence of the formation of tools and means for the implementation of the strategy of the regions’ smart specialization in the context of attraction and effective use of the determinants grouped by three directions (creativitization, digitalization and new knowledge) is presented.

Spodopetra Frugiperda is a highly polyphagous migratory lepidopteran pest species. It causes infestation in crops leading to severe crop losses. Being a new invasive parasite, its susceptibility to insecticides needs to be explored and therefore, there is an urgent need to develop the potent insecticides for the effective control of this insect pest. This is the first report on toxic effects produced by the prepared chalcone and hydrazone analogs, followed by structure relationships. Five compounds of chalcone and hydrazone derivatives have been synthesized in pure state as reported procedures, and their toxicity as potential insecticidal agent against Spodopetra Frugiperda was screened. Their characterizations by using spectroscopic analyses were performed. The toxicity data exhibited that compound 5 is more toxic about 2-fold than other synthesized compounds, the other screened compounds showed weak to strong toxicological activity against Spodopetra Frugiperda (lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

The synthesis, anticancer and antimicrobial properties of novel N-aryl-2-(5-aryltetrazol-2-yl)acetamides were discussed. Novel N-aryl-2H-tetrazoles were synthesized and modified in order to obtain the compounds with a satisfactory pharmacological profile. The structures of target substances were confirmed by using ¹H spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Anticancer activity screening was carried out within the framework of Developmental Therapeutic Program of the National Cancer Institute's (DTP, NCI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA). The compounds with significant levels of anticancer activities have been found that can be used for further optimization. The antimicrobial activity of the synthesized substances was evaluated by the value of the MIC and minimum fungicidal and bactericidal concentration. The findings exhibited that the compounds possessed moderate antimicrobial potential.

With the complication of the business environment of commercial economic activity, competition intensifies, which threatens the bankruptcy of enterprises, the prevention of which requires quality monitoring and timely identification of crises using methods of comprehensive assessment and analysis of economic security. This research is aimed at conducting component-by-component and, as a result, integrated assessment of the state of economic security of the enterprise. Methodological research tools include analysis of the main components, causation and vector regression modeling. A resource-functional security model is developed (which consists of partial indicators and components of economic security of business) and a resource-functional approach to calculations is also applied. Using the data of the expert survey, the values of indicators of structural components of economic security of the enterprise are determined. Using the resource-functional approach, the integrated values of sub-indices and the integral values of the general level of economic security of the enterprise are calculated. According to the results of the assessment, it is established that the integrated level of economic security of the enterprise is 7.04 (sufficient level of security). However, the components of economic security identified critically low values, namely - the financial component (0.452), the information component (0.554), the institutional and legal component (0.647). The results of the study are of practical value for the development of technological schemes - algorithms for strengthening the financial, informational and institutional and legal security of the enterprise, making sound (using economic and mathematical tools) management decisions to ensure the trajectory of sustainable economic development.

The article aims to develop a model for efficiency evaluation of a socially responsible enterprise. It is established that social responsibility is now effectively implemented at enterprises to increase their competitiveness level, ensure the efficiency of business processes and improve the quality of prod-ucts or services. A model for efficiency evaluation of a socially responsible enterprise is proposed. An expert evaluation was conducted, which consisted of importance evaluation of the stakeholders’ inquiries and efficiency evaluation of socially responsible activities is conducted by the business en-tity. It is proposed to calculate the stakeholders’ interests’ priority level by using the document “The stakeholders' interests’ priority level evaluation”, which allows obtaining full compliance with GRI and ISO 26000 standards. It is established that it is obligatory to adjust the weight part of the enter-prise calculated efficiency indicator, given by experts, to their priority level. It was also found that the activity of the enterprise was inefficient.

The study identifies the growth of social and economic divergence between Ukraine and the EU. The purpose of this paper is to fill a gap in the literature on the scale and dynamics of an upward divergence between Ukraine and the EU by comparing integral indices of social and economic development of both areas. Reaching this goal is important for elaborating new guidelines for cohesion policy of the EU and recommendations on Ukraine’s integration strategy. This research differs from the previously published ones by a new approach to measure social and economic integral indices used for estimating the rate of divergence between Ukraine and the EU. A distinctive feature of the author’s methodology of the integral estimation of social and economic development of Ukraine and the EU-28 is the use of the innovative composition of indicators and the multiplicative form of the integral index, the simultaneous normalization and integral assessment indicators and justification of weights based on the principal component analysis (PCA). Priority areas of social and economic development of Ukraine as a prerequisite for the policy of rapprochement and integration with the EU are diversification of foreign economic relations, ensuring the stability and independence of the financial system, improving the parameters of the social security system, involving drivers of economic development, increasing the level of energy efficiency and energy saving.