The role of the clove industry in Indonesia's economy is crucial, as it makes a substantial contribution to the GDP and export figures. Despite experiencing growth overall, clove farmers face various challenges such as price fluctuations, climate change impacts, and limited market access. By analyzing data spanning from 2014 to 2021, this research anticipates a continuous increase in production levels but foresees a decrease in export numbers. Proposed policy measures include providing financial assistance, promoting education, enhancing infrastructure, developing markets, and ensuring environmental sustainability. It is crucial to focus on credit availability, incentives, and subsidies, while also improving agricultural education, infrastructure, and sustainable farming methods. A comprehensive approach across eight key policy areas is necessary to strengthen the clove industry in Indonesia. By addressing these challenges holistically, the clove sector can look forward to a resilient and sustainable future, maintaining its importance in the country's economic landscape.

Radio Frequency Identification Device (RFID) has been widely recognized as a useful tool for effectively managing firms’ supply chain activities. Extant research on RFID in the supply chain domain has focused on implementing this technology in various supply chain activities, such as logistics and transportation, assembly and manufacturing. However, the application of RFID in warehousing management has received little attention. This study explores the implementation of RFID in warehousing in the construction sector. The study objectives are twofold. First, it explores the benefits of implementing RFID. Secondly, the study identifies major challenges associated with implementing RFID, which can prevent realizing the full potential of the technology in warehouse operations. The study adopts a qualitative research design by employing a case study approach to achieve these objectives. Specifically, the study undertakes three weeks of field observation and conducts interviews with 9 participants involved in warehouse operations in the construction sector. The findings show RFID implementations could bring significant values to warehouse management related to operational efficiency, service level and warehouse flexibility. However, the study also uncovered several challenges that can block the case firm from capturing the full potential of implementing RFID. The findings can contribute to a better understanding of the application of RFID technology in warehousing. Practitioners can understand the identified challenges to help them tackle them and inform their future decisions regarding further investment in this technology.

Project management tools and techniques provide the efficiency and effectiveness in managing and handling the projects. Many tools and techniques have been discovered and applied widely for a long period of time among project managers around the world with great contributions to the success of projects. Vietnam is a developing country and has become an attractive hub for national and international business opportunities. Consequently, there has been an increasing development and expansion of business projects in Vietnam. The purpose of this study is to analyze the use of project management tools and techniques in Vietnam. More specifically, this study aims at investigating: 1) the awareness of business people related to projects, 2) the application of project management tools and techniques within the organization and 3) the challenging obstacles that have prevented organizations in using the tools and techniques. The mixed-method methodology is employed to collect and analyze the data. This study uses interview and questionnaire techniques to collect the data for the study. Several companies in different industries in Vietnam participated in collection of the data. The findings of the study indicate lack of indepth understanding and recognition of project and project management tools and techniques in Vietnamese businesses. The term “project” has not yet become popular in Vietnam. Hence, companies in Vietnam have been facing many obstacles with the application of project management tools and techniques affected on the performance of the projects. The study suggests that the definition and recognition of Project Man-agement should go beyond the current assumption of the Vietnamese business people. Better exercises and practices of the concept of Project Management can benefit the local and international companies. Achieving higher awareness of projects and project management tools can significantly improve economic success of Vietnam.

The study aimed to identify the impact of digital transformation and analyze the obstacles and complexities facing the integration of digital technologies into Jordanian Customs and their subsequent impact on achieving strategic flexibility. The study aims to uncover challenges, evaluate their effects, and suggest recommendations to enhance adaptive strategies within Jordanian Customs considering digital transformations. The study included employees in Jordanian General Customs, including customs officials, IT staff, and administrative staff working on digital initiatives. A population of 670 individuals was identified, from whom a purposive sample of (465) directly involved in digital transformation efforts was selected to participate in the study. The study used the descriptive analytical approach to comprehensively investigate the challenges of digital transformation within Jordanian Customs. Surveys, interviews, analysis of regulatory documents formed data collection methods. Quantitative data were subjected to descriptive analysis and regression modeling, while qualitative insights were thematically analyzed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced. The analysis revealed the results, the most important of which is that digital transformation has a positive, statistically significant impact in its four dimensions (strategy, organizational culture, transformational leadership, and human resources) in achieving strategic agility in Jordanian Customs, and reveals multi-faceted challenges prevailing within Jordanian Customs, including structural constraints. Infrastructure, resistance to change, cyber security vulnerabilities, and skills gaps among the workforces. The regression analysis highlighted the significant impact of these challenges in hindering the achievement of strategic flexibility within the Customs Department. Based on the results of the study, Jordanian Customs is recommended to take proactive measures to confront the challenges identified. This includes investing in a robust technology infrastructure, implementing targeted training programs to improve employee skills, promoting a culture of innovation, and establishing cross-departmental collaboration to enhance adaptability and strategic flexibility. The study recommended increasing attention to training workers and raising their capabilities to deal with digital transformation positively and improve services.

This study delves into the intricate landscape of metaverse technology adoption within higher education institutions in the UAE, investigating the multifaceted interplay of accessibility, technology adaptability, and policies and regulations. Using a cross-sectional research design, data was meticulously collected through a multistage sampling approach, combining probability and non-probability methods. A pretested questionnaire underwent rigorous evaluation, ensuring unbiased item formulation and adherence to best practices. The investigation challenges and extends the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by revealing unexpected findings. The absence of a significant relationship between accessibility and metaverse adoption prompts a call for an expanded TAM framework. Surprisingly, a negative correlation between technology adaptability and adoption is highlighted, emphasizing the need for a cautious assimilation approach. Moreover, the research underscores the influential role of policies and regulations in metaverse adoption, advocating for a comprehensive TAM framework that encompasses regulatory dynamics. Findings offer practical implications for stakeholders, policymakers, and institutions, emphasizing diverse adoption facets beyond accessibility. The study contributes to the discourse on metaverse adoption and advances theoretical frameworks for technology integration within educational contexts. The methodology's meticulous design underscores the study's rigor, ensuring the robustness of the insights gleaned from the investigation.

Accounting education is the main factor that is influencing the improvement of the state of accounting services and the quality of accounting. The XXI century has influenced great changes in different fields, applying different tools of technology and for this reason, the field of accounting education has faced reforms and adaptation to new forms of application. The adaptation of accounting education to ISCE is a very important factor in the adaptation of accounting services worldwide. For this reason, research was presented, which measured the impact of accounting education reforms on accounting services in Kosovo, i.e. the adaptation of accounting education programs to ISCE and curricula. Professors from accounting universities and professors of accounting in high schools in Kosovo were surveyed for this. The sample was random, with one in three teachers selected. Data were analyzed through the SPSS program, while regression and correlation method was used to validate the hypothesis. Based on the results we see that the implementation of reforms in the framework of accounting education and adaptation to ISCE has an impact on the quality of accounting services at both university level (p-value ≤ 0.01) and secondary level (p-value ≤ 0.01). Correlation analysis shows that we have a significant relationship between the implementation of accounting education reforms and the quality of accounting services (rho = .628 **, p-value <0.01) at both university and secondary level (rho = .652 **, p-value <0.01). Finally, the implementation of accounting education reforms is well on the way to the development of accounting education in Kosovo, so we must have a proactive approach to the development of this field.

Global competition in the marketing has led organizations to be more responsive and efficient to the customers’ needs through quick-new product development and minimized delivery time. Customer satisfaction becomes the major issue for organizations; therefore organizations focus more and more on the collaborative supply chain. Thus, supply chain collaboration has become a major success factor for the organizations to achieve their corporate goals. The current research study is an attempt to address the supply chain collaboration through a systematic literature review. In findings, various specific areas have been examined to understand the necessity, evolution, issues and challenges, types, drivers, benefits, and barriers in the context of supply chain collaboration. Further, the research gap and future agenda have been derived which is very helpful for academics and practitioners to understand supply chain collaboration, gaps in the literature, and future agenda about the supply chain collaboration.

Water security is a significant challenge in India due to its rapidly growing population, increasing demand for water, and frequent droughts and floods. The country has also been facing issues related to water pollution, inefficient water management practices, and limited access to safe drinking water. Ensuring water security in India requires a comprehensive approach that involves the integration of technology, policy, and community engagement to address the complex challenges associated with water management. This research paper identifies eight major challenges of water security in India, including population growth, climate change, water resource management, anthropogenic factors, technological factors, socio economic issues, geopolitical factors, and virtual water trade. Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, this study ranks these challenges based on their relative importance. The findings suggest that population growth and climate change are the most critical challenges, followed by poor water resource management, anthropogenic factors, technological factors, socio economic issues, geopolitical factors, and virtual water trade. The study highlights the need for integrated and holistic approaches to address these challenges and ensure sustainable water management in India.

This paper presents an investigation on existing challenges in developing aviation industry in Iran. The proposed study designs and distributes a questionnaire among all specialists who are involved with design, production and distribution of aviation industry in Iran. Our interview has revealed that there were approximately 200 potential experts as population of our survey. The designed questionnaire consists of six parts in Likert scale in terms of linguistic terms. All six parts of the survey was designed based on four segments of aviation industry in Iran. Based on the results of this survey, appropriate structure for the legislative, availability of sufficient funds for purchasing private planes, public access to the airports and airport services and availability of supply chain management and technical service centers are the most important challenges in this industry. In addition, availability of various infrastructures such as runways, hangars and maintenance centers to access the industrial towns and insufficient support from relevant organizations such as the ministry of commerce, industry and mining, civil aviation organization and other organizations in the manufacturing and aircraft are among other most important challenges in developing this industry in Iran.

This study aims to contribute to the literature on organizational sustainability and explore the issues, challenges, and prospects of the Bangladesh pharmaceutical industry in terms of sustainability. Organizations around the world are becoming more and more concerned about their ability to reduce or prevent the adverse effects of their actions. Sustainability, socially responsible human resource management (SRHRM), green human resource management (GHRM), characteristics of stakeholders, voluntary green behavior, innovative behavior, and government roles are the main areas of concern. Research and existing literature are explored to have a clear grasp of several organizational sustainability components. This study also shows how organizations understand and implement organizational sustainability concerns and difficulties and how to identify whether essential systemic components are still unaddressed. It's difficult to balance social, economic, and environmental responsibility with sustainability. Enhance SRHRM and GHRM by examining stakeholder characteristics and the government's involvement, combined with voluntary green and creative behavior, to create a positive image for society, the economy, and the environment. This research explores the issues, challenges, and prospects of Bangladesh's pharmaceutical industry's organizational sustainability. In contrast to the age of industry 4.0, artificial intelligence and machine learning concerns about human resource management, stakeholder characteristics, government role, and employee behavior contribute to the organizational sustainability of the pharmaceutical sector. The study presents first insights on the issues, challenges, and prospects of Bangladesh's pharmaceutical industry from the perspective of organizational sustainability. Sustainability, employee green and innovative behavior, SRHRM, GHRM, stakeholder characteristics, and government roles are drawing the attention of organizations globally. They are taking more and more responsibility for how their actions affect the environment, society, and the economy.