By building a game model between brands and outsourced anchors, this article systematically studies the incentive design, opportunistic behavior and blockchain governance mechanism in live streaming. We found that while promoting the sales efforts of anchors, commission incentives will also induce opportunistic behaviors such as AI rhetoric exaggeration, traffic manipulation and channel encroachment. Secondly, blockchain technology can effectively suppress opportunism by improving the traceability of information and the verifiability of behavior: on the one hand, it increases the marginal cost of implicit violations, On the other hand, contractible punishment is imposed on explicit sexual encroachment. The key threshold conditions in the study show that when the sum of the incentive intensity and the blockchain punishment exceeds the encroachment of personal interests, the encroachment can be completely suppressed. The study further reveals the three-state equilibrium model of the optimal blockchain governance intensity: strong governance, weak governance and precise governance. Its choice depends on the trade-off of product characteristics, incentive costs and governance benefits. At the same time, the governance effect is affected by the power structure of the platform, and the platform, as a provider of governance infrastructure, may have the problem of insufficient motivation. Based on this, this article proposes that the sustainable development of live ecology requires building a comprehensive system of incentive contracts, technical governance and institutional environment coordination. It also provides a theoretical framework for understanding the problem of entrusted agencies in digital marketing and a decision-making basis for the governance practice of the platform economy.

The present study constructs a remanufacturing supply chain framework that encompasses both manufacturer and retailer. We conduct an in-depth investigation into the influence exerted by blockchain platforms in the supply chain, in response to carbon reduction challenges initiated by manufacturers. By introducing parameters such as the proportion of joint emission reduction investment costs and blockchain unit verification fees, we perform a comprehensive analysis of the effects produced by consumer sensitivity and blockchain platforms on sales prices, recycling prices, carbon emission reduction, market demand, amount of recycled, and profits under different emission reduction modes. Research has revealed that irrespective of whether the manufacturer adopts blockchain platforms, wholesale prices, retail prices, carbon emission reduction, market demand, manufacturer's profit in the joint emission reduction model are always higher than those in individual emission reduction model, while recycling prices and amount of recycled remain unchanged. With retailer's share of the carbon reduction investment cost kept within an appropriate range, both profits of retailer and supply chain increase under joint emission reduction model. When a manufacturer introduces blockchain technology platforms, unit verification fees only affect wholesale prices and have no impact on retail prices, recycling prices, carbon emission reduction, and profits.

In the context of the digital economy, especially with the application of blockchain in recent years, it has had a profound impact on the pharmaceutical manufacturing supply chain. Based on this, this study focuses on the strategic choices of channel governance models for medical manufacturing enterprises and has constructed three pharmaceutical supply chain production models: the benchmark wholesale price model S, the profit-cost sharing coordination model C, and the blockchain occupation model E. The research found that the coordination model C has the greatest advantage when cost sharing is sufficient and profit distribution is reasonable, which can effectively motivate channel members to expand the market scale and ultimately achieve a win-win situation. The benchmark model S plays an important coordinating role when the market risk is high. The occupation model E can significantly enhance the market dominance when the enterprise has strong blockchain technology capabilities, but it will also cause channel conflict risks. In addition, this study provides theoretical basis for achieving a positive synergy loop in terms of market prices, services, blockchain investment, and sales volume, and provides strong guidance for the strategic management choices of supply chain members.

Chronic information asymmetries in green markets erode consumer trust, creating dual impediments to sustainable consumption and supply chain efficiency. Blockchain addresses these challenges by leveraging its unique technical features. This research analyzes a two-stage green supply chain comprising a manufacturer and retailer, developing three models with key parameters: green preference levels, trust coefficients, and blockchain traceability costs. These models, which include a baseline non-blockchain model, blockchain-enabled decentralized decision-making and blockchain-integrated centralized decision-making frameworks, are designed to explore blockchain adoption strategies and coordination mechanisms. This research elucidates several critical insights: (1) The optimal level of green production investment correlates positively with consumer green preferences regardless of blockchain implementation. Blockchain incentivizes the manufacturer to boost green investments, stimulating demand, improving retailer profits and Consumer Surplus. (2) Beyond blockchain operational costs, consumer trust levels act as pivotal determinants in decisions regarding blockchain adoption. The manufacturer tends to be more inclined to adopt blockchain technology only when consumer trust levels and the fixed costs of blockchain implementation are both below specific thresholds. (3) Compared with the decentralized decision-making model, the centralized decision-making model exhibits elevated levels of green production investment, significantly higher overall supply chain profits, and an augmented Consumer Surplus. The design of a two-part tariff contract with fixed remuneration enables supply chain coordination. Within a defined threshold range, fixed remuneration can achieve Pareto improvement in profits for both manufacturer and retailer. (4) The asymmetric Nash bargaining equilibrium enables the efficient allocation of post-coordination surplus gains. This research offers theoretical support for blockchain adoption choices in green supply chains, promoting green, efficient, and sustainable supply chain development.

Increasing customer apprehensions regarding the security and nutritional value of agricultural goods are compelling governments and industries to implement traceable, transparent, and reputable logistics management systems. Blockchain-based agricultural logistics management systems guarantee the permanence of data once it is uploaded but cannot cope with the risk of data being falsified before uploading to the blockchain. In this work, we developed a collaborative game model between government bodies and agricultural enterprises based on the evolutionary game theory and explored the influencing factors of enterprises following the rules to share the real traceability information through numerical simulation using MATLAB. The findings show that government incentives and penalties promote positive behavior, and consumer and media supervision contribute to supply chain transparency, but firms tend to share truthful information only when it benefits them. This study builds upon existing research on the impact of social variables on both members' decision-making behavior. It highlights the positive roles of consumers and the media in the supervision of agricultural product traceability, which can help to raise public awareness of social responsibility and thus promote positive interaction in the market.

This study examines the role of artificial intelligence and blockchain adoption in enhancing sustainable financial performance among Jordanian financial institutions (FIs). Based on the resource-based view, the study explores the mediating role of data analytics capability through predictive analytics, intelligent data processing, and data-driven decision-making processes. A deductive quantitative approach employed and data were collected using structured questionnaires distributed to employees working in Jordanian commercial and Islamic FIs. A total of 300 valid responses were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of this study reveal that artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain adoption positively and significantly influenced sustainable financial performance through improving operational efficiency, transaction transparency, intelligent financial decision-making, and institutional adaptability. The results also confirm that data analytics capability played a significant mediating role between AI, blockchain adoption, and sustainable financial performance. FIs with stronger analytical capabilities were better able to transform technological investments into strategic financial outcomes, thereby improving financial resilience, organizational efficiency, and long-term sustainability. The study is limited to Jordanian FIs, which may restrict the generalizability of the findings. In addition, the cross-sectional design does not allow examination of long-term technological changes. Future studies may utilize longitudinal approaches, cross-country samples, and additional technological dimensions, including cloud computing integration, analytics, and intelligent automation systems. The study contributes to the growing literature on digital finance by emphasizing AI, blockchain adoption, and data analytics capability as strategic organizational resources that strengthen sustainable financial performance within emerging digital financial ecosystems.

Blockchain technology has attracted widespread attention due to its advantages of decentralization, as well as non-tampering, transparency, and traceability of information. Fourth-party logistics systems that do not use blockchain incur transaction costs and service quality losses due to the inability to fully control the delivery process, whereas the use of blockchain eliminates the transaction costs and quality losses, but the use of blockchain needs implementation and marginal use costs. To study the conditions for the use of blockchain technology, consider the fourth-party logistics system does not use and uses blockchain technology, and the equilibrium strategies in the two cases are compared. Numerical experiments show that there exists a certain range of blockchain costs which leads to a Pareto improvement in profits for both fourth-party logistics and third-party logistics and an improvement in the quality of logistics services when using blockchain.

The utilization of blockchain technology is increasingly emerging as a catalyst for significant changes across multiple industries, including the domain of Islamic finance. This study examines the influence of blockchain technology on the factors that contribute to the successful adoption of blockchain in Islamic banks located in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The present study employs a cross-sectional survey methodology, encompassing a sample of 344 banking professionals. The investigation utilizes Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) as a statistical technique to examine the association between several crucial variables, namely Trust, Financial Transfers, Operating Expenses, Safety and Security, and the effective implementation of blockchain technology. The results indicate that these variables have a major impact on the effectiveness of implementing blockchain technology, confirming its ability to boost the efficiency of transactions, decrease expenses, and enhance security while adhering to Shariah law. This work makes a vital contribution to the scholarly discourse around the deployment of technology in the context of Islamic banking. In particular, it emphasizes blockchain technology's part in fostering innovation within the sector and fostering a culture of compliance with the sector's ethical and operational standards.

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become essential for business. The adoption rate of IoT has dropped recently and this could be due to security, privacy, and trust issues. Blockchain (BC) has the potential to mitigate the risk of security, privacy, and trust. However, few studies examined the integration between IoT and BC in the context of developing countries. The purpose of this study is to examine the predictors of IoT adoption by telecommunication companies in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). In addition, the study aims to examine the moderating role of BC as well as the effect of using IoT and BC on the competitive advantage of companies. Based on technology acceptance model, social exchange theory, and resource-based view, the study proposed that security, privacy, trust, communication quality, perceived ease of use (PEOU), and perceived usefulness (PU) affect positively the adoption of IoT. BC is proposed as a moderating variable and expected with IoT to affect the competitive advantage of companies. The population includes all the telecommunication companies in GCC. Data was collected using purposive sampling from IT professionals. The results of data analysis using SmartPLS showed that security, privacy, trust, PU, and PEOU positively affected the adoption of IoT. BC and IoT adoption have a positive effect on competitive advantage. Further, BC moderated only the effect of security and privacy on the adoption of IoT. Services providers must enhance the security, privacy, and trust of IoT services by deploying BC technology. Effective integration of IoT and BC will lead to the achievement of competitive advantages.

This paper is the first to offer a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of technology-driven innovation in PPM, aiming to portray its intellectual structure, thematic evolution, and future research directions. This study is based on publications indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2003 to 2025. A systematic search and screening process was used following PRISMA to identify the applicable studies, resulting in a final set of 146 articles. Using analytical tools such as Python-based libraries and VOSviewer, bibliometric performance analysis and science-mapping methods were employed. The results provide evidence of a rising number of publications, particularly after 2018, indicating growing academic interest in digital procurement innovation. The analysis of keyword co-occurrence reveals thematic clusters in empirical research around digital procurement analytics, artificial intelligence, blockchain and smart contracts, digital procurement ecosystems, automation, and sustainability-oriented technologies for procurement. These findings carry significant implications for theory development in procurement research, as well as practical insights for organizations implementing digital procurement strategies and directions for future research on the cyclical features of governance, behavioral dynamics, and technology adoption.