Selective oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones was achieved efficiently using K2S2O8/activated charcoal system. All reactions were carried out at solvent?free conditions (40?45 ?C) within 15?60 min to give the products in high to excellent yields.

The Taguchi’s orthogonal array is based on a mathematical model of factorial designs. This paper investigates the effects of four parameters in Probability of Default (PD) using Black-Scholes model (BSM) for call option at one period by considering asset value V, firm’s debt X, expected growth r and the volatility σ. The main aim is to determine which parameters affect mostly on PD of a firm. The experiment is based on the orthogonal array L9 in which the four parameters are varied at three levels. Finally, the ANOM is used to describe the best combination and ANOVA is implemented to measure the contribution of the given independent variables.

Recent organizational trends give more importance to the social and responsible behavior of organizations to their sustainability. Numerous factors are responsible for prioritizing social responsiveness and pro-environmental or employee-green behavior for organizational sustainability. Nevertheless, no studies have yet considered how voluntary green behavior (VGB) and socially responsible human resource management (SRHRM) influence this perception. Hence, this study determines the explanatory link of VGB along with the impacts of SRHRM on organizational sustainability (environmental [EnS], social [SS], and economic [ES] sustainability). Data was collected from a developing nation context. An explanatory research strategy was used for the present study. To acquire data from 100 Bangladeshi pharmaceutical manufacturing organizations, structured questionnaires were used. For testing the proposed hypotheses of the study, we used partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The outcomes of the analysis reveal that SRHRM has a considerable impact, both positively and significantly, on organizational sustainability (EnS, SS, and ES). Once again, SRHRM has a substantial positive effect on VGB. Furthermore, VGB plays an influential role as a mediator in the relationship between SRHRM and organizational sustainability. The findings have significant implications for pharmaceutical manufacturing organization management in Bangladesh and other Southeast Asian contexts. Based on the findings, pharmaceutical company managers will have a stronger rationale to invest in SRHRM while simultaneously establishing strong ties with employees and CSR-oriented green behavior to accomplish their organizational sustainability objectives. This study contributes to the existing body of research on the sustainability of organizations and the triple bottom line, along with SRHRM and VGB, by providing evidence from a country that is rapidly industrializing and developing. In this work, SRHRM was measured as a whole, even though it has three dimensions. Since the sample consists of Bangladeshi pharmaceutical manufacturing organizations, it is also uncertain whether the results can be generalized.

Fracture parameters of a bi-material plate containing a cener crack and subjected to biaxial tensile loading was calculated numerically. Based on the crack tip stress field obtained numerically in a bi-material joint and using the finite element over deterministic (FEOD) method, the stress intensity factors (KI and KII) and also non-singular T-stress terms, were determined for different material properties and biaxial loading cases. Due to asymmetry of loading and material properties in the investigated dissimilar plate, the center crack experinces mixed mode I/II fracture in general. By increasing the bi-material constant value, which shows the difference between the mechanical properties of two materials, the amplitude of stress intensity factor decreases. The obtained results from this method were in good agreement with the displacment field method prevousiuly reported by other researchers.

This study aims to investigate the effect of risk management on earnings volatility on shares of banks listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population includes all 20 listed banks in Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2009-2015. As the number of listed banks in Tehran Stock Exchange was limited, census method and multiple regressions in panel data were used to collect the data and to test the hypotheses, respectively. In this study, earnings volatility was calculated given in Dichev and Tang (2009) [Dichev, I. D., & Tang, V. W. (2009). Earnings volatility and earnings predictability. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 47(1), 160-181.]. The results indicate that the coefficient of risk management was -0.20 with Sig. = 0.002; therefore risk management maintains a negative effect on banks’ profitability volatility. In addition, stock return coefficient is 0.0053 (Sig. = 0.000) which indicates a positive effect on earnings volatility. The coefficients of dividend ratio, firm size and liquidity ratio were 0.023, 0.071 and 0.059, respectively and they have significant and positive effect on earnings volatility.

In the present experimental study, two dissimilar sister aluminum alloys, 5083 and 5086, are welded through friction stir welding process. Different experiments are conducted on vertical milling machine through a fixture design and firm holding welding plates on it. These experiments are performed by varying welding parameters including welding speed, rpm, different pin profiles, tool tilt angle at five levels each. Two different mechanical properties of the welded specimen (i.e. tensile strength and percentage of elongation) have been tested and compared with the base metals to find out the joint efficiency. Also it is observed that rpm, tool tilt angle and different pin profiles make significant impacts on friction stir welded joints. Tool rpm increases the tensile strength to an extent. Also, tool pin profile affects the stirring or plastic flow of material under tool shoulder. It is shown through visual and optical analysis that surface finish and weld quality of joints depend on tool tilt angle.

Most packaged food products must contain trans-fat labelling; however unpackaged snacks such as cookies, donuts, and muffins at supermarkets, gas station convenience stores, and bakeries often do not have or require nutrition fact labels. Hence, consumers are not aware of the trans-fat content in unpackaged food products. It is well-known within the health and scientific community that diets high in trans-fat can lead to a host of health problems, namely coronary heart disease (CHD). The purpose of this study is to conduct a preliminary study of the trans-fat content in unpackaged baked goods, particularly unpackaged glazed donuts. To accomplish our objective, we determined the % trans-fat in oil extracted from glazed donuts obtained from several supermarkets, gas stations and bakeries across Northwest, Indiana. Variable Filter Array (VFA) IR spectroscopy was used to assess the trans-fat content of oil extracted from food samples. In this paper, we present our preliminary findings.

A wide range of obstacles faced by people with disabilities, such as visual impairment, motor disability, and communication difficulties, have shown significant promise for being addressed by computer vision. The state-of-the-art in computer vision-based assistive technology is examined in this report along with major future research topics and obstacles. In particular, this study explores how computer vision can be used for object recognition, navigation, facial recognition, sign language interpretation, and gesture-based control interfaces. It also discusses the benefits and drawbacks of various methodologies and technologies and offers examples of how computer vision can be incorporated into current assistive technologies to boost their efficacy. The ethical and privacy issues surrounding the use of computer vision in assistive technologies are covered in this study effort. The study also highlights the need for protocol standardization, better user-centered design, and the assessment of real-world effectiveness as future research objectives for improving the use of computer vision in assistive technology. Overall, this paper sheds light on how computer vision might completely alter the world of assistive technologies for people with impairments.

The article is concerned with the research of the processes of formation of the structure and properties of systemically alloyed low carbon steel 10H3G3MF in initially hardened and initially cold-deformed condition at high speed thermal-cycle processing (TCP). Metallographic, dilatometric and fractographic analysis, transmission electronic microscopy and uniaxial tensile test and impact test (salt spray chamber) are used as the research methods. It is shown that the maximum fine crushing of grain structure of austenite to 1 micron with high speed TCP of the researched steel in initially cold-deformed condition occurs at the first cycle of heating to 900 ° C, at the same time nanostructural condition of martensite is realized with an average size of stick in the plane of the foil of 60 ± 10 nm, which results in a substantial increase of complex of mechanical properties. It was found that in all studied modes of high speed TCP the ? ? ?-conversion with heating in the inter-critical temperature range consists of three stages.