Most of the supply chain models have been developed under symmetric information structure i.e. players have complete knowledge of each other’s policies. But in most of the cases, players do not have complete information about the other players i.e. some information regarding their businesses is hidden. This paper studies supply chain model of imperfect quality items under asymmetric information in which unit price taken by the buyer and unit marketing expenditure are influencing product’s demand. This information is hidden to seller. The seller delivers the supply to the buyer. Each delivered lot goes through an inspection process at the buyer’s side. In the inspection process, the items are divided into two categories. The first category is perfect quality items while the second category is of imperfect quality items. After the inspecting the lots, the perfect quality commodities are to be sold at selling price and the imperfect items are supposed to get sold at a discounted price. The interaction between two constituents of the supply chain is modeled by non-cooperative Seller Stackelberg game approach in which the role of leader is played by the seller while the role of follower is played by the buyer. In our proposed model, the seller does not have information related to market demand but the buyer does. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis explain the significance of the theory.

This paper demonstrates an experimental scrutiny into turning process of hot work tool steel AISI H21 under dry machining plight. In this paper, face centered central composite design concealed by response surface methodology is practiced and analysis of variance is implemented to analyze the eloquent benefaction of machining parameters on responses. To access accommodate between the surface roughness and the MRR, an approach for concurrent optimization of multi-objective characteristics based on comprehensive desirability function is employed. The multi objective optimization concludes a spindle speed of 1599.568 rpm, feed rate of 0.262 mm/rev and depth of cut of 2 mm.

Vendor managed inventory system is vendor centric inventory system in which all inventory decisions are taken by vendor rather than buyer. This study considers non-instantaneous deteriorating items with generalized type time dependent deterioration rate when demand rate is quadratic function of time and shortages are allowed with partial backlogging. The paper aims to compare traditional inventory system and vendor managed inventory system by analyzing total cost function. To validate the model, numerical example and sensitivity analysis are performed. The analysis shows that vendor managed inventory is more beneficial compare with the traditional inventory system.

There is an increase in awareness about sustainable manufacturing process. Manufacturing industries are backbone of a country’s economy. Although it is important but there is a great concern about consumption of resources and waste creation. The primary aim of this study was to explore sustainability concern in turning process in an Indian machining industry. The effect of cutting parameters, Speed/Feed/Depth of Cut, the machining environment, Dry/MQL/Wet, and the type of cutting tool on sustainability factors under study were observed. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the data obtained from experimentation in a small scale machining industry. The process is modelled mathematically using response surface methodology (RSM).The economic and environmental aspect like surface roughness, material removal rate and energy consumption were considered as sustainability factors. The model helps to understand the effect of the cutting parameters and conditions on surface finish, energy consumption, and material removal rate. The process was optimized for minimum power consumption considering environmental concern as prime importance. Studies suggest that the cutting environment and tool type influenced on the power consumption during turning process. Extended form of the proposed model could be useful to predict the environmental impact due to machining process, which would bring environmental concern into conventional machining.

Trim cutting operation in wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is considered as a probable solution to improve surface characteristics and geometrical accuracy by removing very small amount of work materials from the surface obtained after a rough cutting operation. In this study, an attempt has been made to model the surface roughness and dimensional shift in trim cutting operations in WEDM process through response surface methodology (RSM). Four process parameters; namely pulse-on time (Ton), servo voltage (SV), wire depth (Wd) and Dielectric flow rate (FR) have been considered as input parameters in trim cutting operations for modelling. Desirability function has been employed to optimize multi performance characteristics. Increasing the value of Ton, Wd and FR increases the surface roughness and dimensional shift but increasing SV decreases both surface roughness and dimensional shift. Quadratic models have been proposed for both the performance characteristics. In present experimentation, thickness of recast layer was observed in the range of 6?m to 12?m for low to high value of discharge parameters.

The optimum selection of process parameters has played an important role for improving the surface finish, minimizing tool wear, increasing material removal rate and reducing machining time of any machining process. In this paper, optimum parameters while machining AISI D2 hardened steel using solid carbide TiAlN coated end mill has been investigated. For optimization of process parameters along with multiple quality characteristics, principal components analysis method has been adopted in this work. The confirmation experiments have revealed that to improve performance of cutting; principal components analysis method would be a useful tool.

The present paper studies the reliability analysis of the casting process in foundry work using a probabilistic approach. As foundry industries in many developing countries suffer from poor quality of casting due to improper management, lack of resources and wrong working methods followed, which results in the decrement of productivity. Hence, to ensure the quality and productivity, favorable steps must be taken. The considered casting system has four main types of defects; namely mold shift, shrinkage, cold shut and blowholes. The complete casting system can fail due to the misalignment of the mold and combination of defects such as shrinkage and blow holes and can also fail by defects of shrinkage, blow holes and cold shut, simultaneously. The system is analyzed with the help of the supplementary variable technique and Laplace transformation. The availability, reliability, mean time to failure, sensitivity analysis and cost-effectiveness have been evaluated for the considered system. The results have been shown with the help of graphs, which predicts the behavior of the casting process system when any one of the defect or more than one defect appears.

The Mg/Fe = 3 hydrotalcite as reusable solid catalyst was found to be an excellent heterogeneous base catalyst for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidinones/thiones, a multicomponent reaction using substituted aromatic aldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and urea/thiourea. The work has been carried out under thermal solvent free conditions. Mg/Fe = 3 hydrotalcite heterogeneous solid catalyst offers simple means of recovery and the isolated catalyst was reused for number of times without significant loss of catalytic activity.

The boom of real estate has been a motivating force for economic growth in India for the past few years. However, the Real Estate (RE) market of India is still in the embryonic phase and juvenile. In the context of the real estate projects, it is a general situation observed that such projects cannot meet the target as the Indian real estate companies are deficient in scientific management technology to confront the risks. The research paper aims to focus mainly on constraints and demurral of Risk Management (RM) in RE firms of India to investigate findings for the same in the Indian Real estate market and further focusing on RE projects of Ahmedabad. The paper is mostly founded on an overview of individuals who are straightforwardly or firmly identified with the administration and the RE business in India. The questionnaire survey shall be targeted over the five prime territories of Ahmedabad. This research further highlights to concerned identified primary critical risk factors (by Criticality Index Method) influencing the residential real estate market and then developing a framework for assessing the factors carrying out the quantitative analysis using various analytical methods of SPSS software, Factor analysis, ANOVA and Post-Hoc Test. The validation of the results has been done through a survey of experienced experts. The critical risks identified based on the questionnaire survey are modeled through the decision tree diagram.

In today’s scenario, software has become an essential component in all kinds of systems. The size and the complexity of the software increases with a corresponding increase in its functionality, hence leads to the development of the modular software systems. Software developers emphasize on the concept of component based software engineering (CBSE) for the development of modular software systems. The CBSE concept consists of dividing the software into a number of modules; selecting Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS) for each module; and finally integrating the modules to develop the final software system. The selection of COTS for any module plays a vital role in software development. To address the problem of selection of COTS, a framework for ranking and selection of various COTS components for any software system based on expert opinion elicitation and fuzzy-based matrix methodology is proposed in this research paper. The selection problem is modeled as a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) problem. The evaluation criteria are identified through extensive literature study and the COTS components are ranked based on these identified and selected evaluation criteria using the proposed methods according to the value of a permanent function of their criteria matrices. The methodology is explained through an example and is validated by comparing with an existing method.