How to cite this paper
Zeynizadeh, B & Abdollahi, M. (2016). The immobilized NaHSO4·H2O on activated charcoal: a highly efficient promoter system for N-formylation of amines with ethyl formate.Current Chemistry Letters, 5(2), 51-58.
Refrences
1. Otera J., and Nishikido J. (2010) Esterification, Methods, Reactions and Applications, 2nd ed., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
2. Jackson A., and Meth-Cohn O. (1995) A new short and efficient strategy for the synthesis of quinolone antibiotics. Chem. Commun. (13) 1319-1319.
3. Chen B. C., Bednarz M. S., Zhao R., Sundeen J. E., Chen P., Shen Z., Skoumbourdis A. P., and Barrish J. C. (2000) A new facile method for the synthesis of 1-arylimidazole-5-carboxylates. Tetrahedron Lett., 41 (29) 5453-5456.
4. Kobayashi K., Nagato S., Kawakita M., Morikawa O., and Konishi H. (1995) Synthesis of 1-formyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline derivatives by a Lewis acid-catalyzed cyclization of o-(1-hydroxy-2-alkenyl) phenyl isocyanides. Chem. Lett., 24 (7) 575-576.
5. Kakehi A., Ito S., Hayashi S., and Fujii T. (1995) Preparation of new nitrogen-bridged heterocycles. 40. Synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyrido (2,3-b) indolizin-4-one derivatives. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 68 (12) 3573-3580.
6. Lohray B. B., Baskaran S., Rao B. S., Reddy B. Y., and Rao I. N. (1999) A short synthesis of oxazolidinone derivatives Linezolid and Eperezolid: A new class of antibacterials. Tetrahedron Lett., 40 (26) 4855-4856.
7. Pettit G., Kalnins M., Liu T., Thomas E., and Parent K. (1961) Notes- potential cancerocidal agents. III. Formanilides. J. Org. Chem., 26 (7) 2563-2566.
8. Grant H. G., and Summers L. A. (1980) Synthesis of N-methyl-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-arylamino-ethyl)tormamides and related-compounds as potential fungicides. Aust. J. Chem., 33 (3) 613-617.
9. Faraj M. K. (1997) Synthesis of isocyanate precursors from primary formamides. U.S. Patent, 5,686,645.
10. Han Y., and Cai L. (1997) An efficient and convenient synthesis of formamidines. Tetrahedron Lett., 38 (31) 5423-5426.
11. Arlt D., and Klein G. (1983) Preparation of nitriles from formamides. U.S. Patent, 4,419,297.
12. Downie I. M., Earle M. J., Heaney H., and Shuhaibar K. F. (1993) Vilsmeier formylation and glyoxylation reactions of nucleophilic aromatic compounds using pyrophosphoryl chloride. Tetrahedron, 49 (19) 4015-4034.
13. Kobayashi S., and Nishio K. (1994) Facile and highly stereoselective synthesis of homoallylic alcohols using organosilicon intermediates. J. Org. Chem., 59 (22) 6620-6628.
14. Kobayashi S., Yasuda M., and Hachiya I. (1996) Trichlorosilane-dimethylformamide (Cl3SiH-DMF) as an efficient reducing agent. Reduction of aldehydes and imines and reductive amination of aldehydes under mild conditions using hypervalent hydridosilicates. Chem. Lett., 25 (5) 407-408.
15. Blicke F. F., and Lu C. -J. (1952) Formylation of amines with chloral and reduction of the N-formyl derivatives with lithium aluminum hydride. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 74 (15) 3933-3934.
16. Kaboudin B., and Khodamorady M. (2010) Organic reactions in water: a practical and convenient method for the N-formylation of amines in water. Synlett (19) 2905-2907.
17. Shastri L. A., Shastri S. L., Bathula C. D., Basanagouda M., and Kulkarni M. V. (2009) Mild, simple, and efficient method for N-formylation of secondary amines via Reimer-Tiemann reaction. Synth. Commun., 41 (4) 476-484.
18. Ganapati Reddy P., Kishore Kumar G. D., and Baskaran S. (2000) A convenient method for the
N-formylation of secondary amines and anilines using ammonium formate. Tetrahedron Lett., 41 (47) 9149-9151.
19. Wang Z. -G., and Lu M. (2014) Highly efficient N-formylation of amines with ammonium formate catalyzed by nano-Fe3O4 in PEG-400. RSC Adv., 4 (3) 1234-1240.
20. Hill D. R., Hsiao C. -N., Kurukulasuriya R., and Wittenberger S. J. (2002) 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl formate: a versatile and selective reagent for the formylation of alcohols, amines, and N-hydroxylamines. Org. Lett., 4 (1) 111-113.
21. Yale H. (1971) Formylation of amines with phenyl formate. J. Org. Chem., 36, 3238-3240.
22. Kisfaludy L., and ?tv?s Jr L. (1987) Rapid and selective formylation with pentafluorophenyl formate. Synthesis (5) 510-510.
23. Krishnamurthy S. (1982) A highly efficient and general N-monomethylation of functionalized primary amines via formylation-borane:methyl sulfide reduction. Tetrahedron Lett., 23 (33) 3315-3318.
24. Mihara M., Ishino Y., Minakata S., and Komatsu M. (2003) Convenient N-formylation of secondary amines: KF-Al2O3-promoted synthesis of formamide derivatives via dichlorocarbene generated from chloroform. Synthesis (15) 2317-2320.
25. Brahmachari G., and Laskar S. (2010) A very simple and highly efficient procedure for N-formylation of primary and secondary amines at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. Tetrahedron Lett., 51 (17) 2319-2322.
26. Deepali, A., Akansha, A., Anamika B., and Kumar K. V. (2014) Hydroxylamine hydrochloride as an effective catalyst for form amide derivative synthesis and their DPPH scavenging activity. Res. J. Chem. Sci., 4 (10) 54-57.
27. Kim J. G., and Jang D. O. (2010) Facile and highly efficient N-formylation of amines using a catalytic amount of iodine under solvent-free conditions. Synlett (14) 2093-2096.
28. Waki M., and Meienhofer J. (1977) Efficient preparation of N.?-formylamino acid tert-butyl esters. J. Org. Chem., 42 (11) 2019-2020.
29. Chen F. M., and Benoiton N. L. (1979) A general method for formylating sensitive amino acid esters. Synthesis (9) 709-710.
30. Shekhar A. C., Kumar, A. R., Sathaiah, G., Paul, V. L., Sridhar, M., and Rao, P. S. (2009) Facile N-formylation of amines using Lewis acids as novel catalysts. Tetrahedron Lett., 50 (50) 7099-7101.
31. Kim J. -G., and Jang, D. O. (2010) Indium-catalyzed N-formylation of amines under solvent-free conditions. Synlett (8) 1231-1234.
32. Hosseini-Sarvari M., and Sharghi H. (2006) ZnO as a new catalyst for N-formylation of amines under solvent-free conditions. J. Org. Chem., 71 (17) 6652-6654.
33. Krishnakumar B., and Swaminathan M. (2011) A convenient method for the N-formylation of amines at room temperature using TiO2-P25 or sulfated titania. J. Mol. Catal. A Chem., 334 (1-2) 98-102.
34. Patil U. B., Singh A. S., and Nagarkar J. M. (2013) Nanoceria-catalyzed highly efficient procedure for N-formylation of amines at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. Chem. Lett., 42 (5) 524-526.
35. Sadeghpour M., Olyaei A., Derikvand Z., Razeghi R., and Vaziri M. (2013) Zr-MCM-41 nanoreactors: a highly efficient, reusable and novel catalyst for the synthesis of N-heteroaryl formamides under solvent-free conditions. J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 3 (2s) 125-128.
36. Khojastehnezhad A., Rahimizadeh M., Moeinpour F., Eshghi H., and Bakavoli M. (2014) Polyphosphoric acid supported on silica-coated NiFe2O4 nanoparticles: An efficient and magnetically-recoverable catalyst for N-formylation of amines. Comptes Rendus Chimie, 17 (5) 459-464.
37. Ma’mani L., Sheykhan M., Heydari A., Faraji M., and Yamini Y. (2010) Sulfonic acid supported on hydroxyapatite-encapsulated-?-Fe2O3 nanocrystallites as a magnetically Br?nsted acid for N-formylation of amines. Appl. Catal. A, 377 (1-2) 64-69.
38. Pathare S. P., Sawant, R. V., and Akamanchi K. G. (2012) Sulfated tungstate catalyzed highly accelerated N-formylation. Tetrahedron Lett., 53 (26) 3259-3263.
39. Eren B., Aydin R., and Eren E. (2014) Catalysis and reaction mechanisms of N-formylation of amines using Fe(III)-exchanged sepiolite. Chem. Papers 68 (5) 584-590.
40. De Luca L., Giacomelli G., Porcheddu A., and Salaris M. (2004) A new, simple procedure for the synthesis of formyl amides. Synlett, (14) 2570-2572.
41. Yang X. J., and Zhang Y. S. (2013) Melamine trisulfonic acid-catalyzed N-formylation of amines under solvent-free conditions. Res. Chem. Intermed., 39 (6) 2843-2848.
42. Lei M., Ma L., and Hu, L. (2010) A convenient one-pot synthesis of formamide derivatives using thiamine hydrochloride as a novel catalyst. Tetrahedron Lett., 51 (32) 4186-4188.
43. Baghbanian S. M., and Farhang M. (2013) Protic [TBD][TFA] ionic liquid as a reusable and highly efficient catalyst for N-formylation of amines using formic acid under solvent-free condition. J. Mol. Liq., 183 (1) 45-49.
44. Shirini F., Seddighi M., and Mamaghani, M. (2014) Br?nsted acidic ionic liquids supported on rice husk ash (RHA-[pmim]HSO4): a highly efficient and reusable catalyst for the formylation of amines and alcohols. RSC Adv., 4 (92) 50631-50638.
45. Das B., Krishnaiah M., Balasubramanyam P., Veeranjaneyulu B., and Kumar D. N. (2008) A remarkably simple N-formylation of anilines using polyethylene glycol. Tetrahedron Lett., 49 (14) 2225-2227.
46. Ansari M. I., Hussain M. K., Yadav N., Gupta P. K., and Hajela K. (2012) Silica supported perchloric acid catalyzed rapid N-formylation under solvent-free conditions. Tetrahedron Lett., 53 (16) 2063-2065.
47. Habibi D., Rahmani P., and Akbaripanah Z. (2013) N-formylation of anilines with silica sulfuric acid under solvent-free conditions. J. Chem. 1-6 (Article ID 972960).
48. Hong M., and Xiao G. (2013) Hafnium(IV) bis(perfluorooctanesulfonyl)imide complex supported on fluorous silica gel catalyzed N-formylation of amines using aqueous formic acid. J. Fluor. Chem., 146 (1) 11-14.
49. Habibi D., and Nasrollahzadeh M. (2013) An ultrasound-promoted green approach for the N-formylation of amines under solvent- and catalyst-free conditions at room temperature. Comptes Rendus Chimie, 16 (11) 1008-1016.
50. Kamble V. T., Bondle G. M., and Pisal P. M. (2013) Ultrasonic promoted catalyst-free N-formylation of amines in neutral ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate. Arab. J. Chem., 6 (DOI: doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.09.007).
51. Sajadi S. M., Maham M., and Rezaei, A. (2014) An eco-friendly N-formylation of amines using nano cerium oxide as a recyclable catalyst under solvent-free and ultrasound irradiation conditions at room temperature. Lett. Org. Chem., 11 (1) 49-54.
52. Ghorbani-Choghamarani A., and Akbaripanah Z. (2012) 2-(Sulfooxy)propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid as novel and versatile catalyst for the formylation of alcohols and amines using ethyl formate under neat conditions. Chin. Chem. Lett., 23 (4) 450-453.
53. Iranpoor N., Firouzabadi H., and Jamalian A. (2005) Silphos [PCl3?n(SiO2)n]: a heterogeneous phosphine reagent for formylation and acetylation of alcohols and amines with ethyl formate and acetate. Tetrahedron Lett., 46 (46) 7963-7966.
54. Ghorbani-Vaghei R., Veisi H., Amiri M. (2009) Poly(N,N?-dichloro-N-ethyl-benzene-1,3-disulfonamide, N,N,N?,N?-tetrachlorobenzene-1,3-disulfonamide, poly(N,N?-dibromo-N-ethylbenze-ne-1,3-disulfonamide, and N,N,N?,N?-tetrabromobenzene-1,3-disulfonamide catalyzed formylation of amines and alcohols using ethyl formate under microwave irradiation. J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 6 (4) 761-768.
55. Jung S. H., Ahn J. H., Park S. K., and Choi J. -K. (2002) A practical and convenient procedure fo rthe N-formylation of amines using formic acid. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 23 (1) 149-150.
56. Dhake K. P., Tambade P. J., Singhal R. S., and Bhanage B. M. (2011) An efficient, catalyst- and solvent-free N-formylation of aromatic and aliphatic amines. Green Chem. Lett. Rev., 4 (2) 151-157.
57. Gerack C. J., and McElwee-White L. (2014) Formylation of amines. Molecules, 19 (6) 7689-7713.
58. Paquette L. A., Crich D., Fuchs P. L., and Molander G. A. (2009) Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, 2nd ed., Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
59. Zeynizadeh B., Akbari Dilmaghani K., and Yari M. (2009) NaHSO4·H2O as a heterogeneous acidic reagent for mild and convenient synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones and their sulfur derivatives. Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 184 (9) 2465-2471.
60. Akbari Dilmaghani K., Zeynizadeh B., and Amirpoor M. (2013) Ultrasound-mediated synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-ones (or thiones) with NaHSO4·H2O. Phosphorus, Sulfur, Silicon Relat. Elem., 188 (11) 1634-1642.
61. Zeynizadeh B., and Behyar T. (2005) NaBH4/NaHSO4·H2O a heterogeneous acidic system for a mild and convenient reduction of carbonyl compounds under protic condition. Z. Naturforsch., 60b (4) 453-457.
62. Marsh H., and Rodr?guez-Reinoso F. (2006) Activated Carbon, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
63. Bandosz T. J. (2006) Activated Carbon Surfaces in Environmental Remediation, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
64. Kwiatkowski J. F. (2011) Activated Carbon: Classifications, Properties and Applications, Nova Science, New York.
65. DeWolf, R. H., and Newcomb R. C. (1971) Hydrolysis of formanilides in alkaline solutions. J. Org. Chem., 36 (25) 3870-3878.
2. Jackson A., and Meth-Cohn O. (1995) A new short and efficient strategy for the synthesis of quinolone antibiotics. Chem. Commun. (13) 1319-1319.
3. Chen B. C., Bednarz M. S., Zhao R., Sundeen J. E., Chen P., Shen Z., Skoumbourdis A. P., and Barrish J. C. (2000) A new facile method for the synthesis of 1-arylimidazole-5-carboxylates. Tetrahedron Lett., 41 (29) 5453-5456.
4. Kobayashi K., Nagato S., Kawakita M., Morikawa O., and Konishi H. (1995) Synthesis of 1-formyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline derivatives by a Lewis acid-catalyzed cyclization of o-(1-hydroxy-2-alkenyl) phenyl isocyanides. Chem. Lett., 24 (7) 575-576.
5. Kakehi A., Ito S., Hayashi S., and Fujii T. (1995) Preparation of new nitrogen-bridged heterocycles. 40. Synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyrido (2,3-b) indolizin-4-one derivatives. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 68 (12) 3573-3580.
6. Lohray B. B., Baskaran S., Rao B. S., Reddy B. Y., and Rao I. N. (1999) A short synthesis of oxazolidinone derivatives Linezolid and Eperezolid: A new class of antibacterials. Tetrahedron Lett., 40 (26) 4855-4856.
7. Pettit G., Kalnins M., Liu T., Thomas E., and Parent K. (1961) Notes- potential cancerocidal agents. III. Formanilides. J. Org. Chem., 26 (7) 2563-2566.
8. Grant H. G., and Summers L. A. (1980) Synthesis of N-methyl-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1-arylamino-ethyl)tormamides and related-compounds as potential fungicides. Aust. J. Chem., 33 (3) 613-617.
9. Faraj M. K. (1997) Synthesis of isocyanate precursors from primary formamides. U.S. Patent, 5,686,645.
10. Han Y., and Cai L. (1997) An efficient and convenient synthesis of formamidines. Tetrahedron Lett., 38 (31) 5423-5426.
11. Arlt D., and Klein G. (1983) Preparation of nitriles from formamides. U.S. Patent, 4,419,297.
12. Downie I. M., Earle M. J., Heaney H., and Shuhaibar K. F. (1993) Vilsmeier formylation and glyoxylation reactions of nucleophilic aromatic compounds using pyrophosphoryl chloride. Tetrahedron, 49 (19) 4015-4034.
13. Kobayashi S., and Nishio K. (1994) Facile and highly stereoselective synthesis of homoallylic alcohols using organosilicon intermediates. J. Org. Chem., 59 (22) 6620-6628.
14. Kobayashi S., Yasuda M., and Hachiya I. (1996) Trichlorosilane-dimethylformamide (Cl3SiH-DMF) as an efficient reducing agent. Reduction of aldehydes and imines and reductive amination of aldehydes under mild conditions using hypervalent hydridosilicates. Chem. Lett., 25 (5) 407-408.
15. Blicke F. F., and Lu C. -J. (1952) Formylation of amines with chloral and reduction of the N-formyl derivatives with lithium aluminum hydride. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 74 (15) 3933-3934.
16. Kaboudin B., and Khodamorady M. (2010) Organic reactions in water: a practical and convenient method for the N-formylation of amines in water. Synlett (19) 2905-2907.
17. Shastri L. A., Shastri S. L., Bathula C. D., Basanagouda M., and Kulkarni M. V. (2009) Mild, simple, and efficient method for N-formylation of secondary amines via Reimer-Tiemann reaction. Synth. Commun., 41 (4) 476-484.
18. Ganapati Reddy P., Kishore Kumar G. D., and Baskaran S. (2000) A convenient method for the
N-formylation of secondary amines and anilines using ammonium formate. Tetrahedron Lett., 41 (47) 9149-9151.
19. Wang Z. -G., and Lu M. (2014) Highly efficient N-formylation of amines with ammonium formate catalyzed by nano-Fe3O4 in PEG-400. RSC Adv., 4 (3) 1234-1240.
20. Hill D. R., Hsiao C. -N., Kurukulasuriya R., and Wittenberger S. J. (2002) 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl formate: a versatile and selective reagent for the formylation of alcohols, amines, and N-hydroxylamines. Org. Lett., 4 (1) 111-113.
21. Yale H. (1971) Formylation of amines with phenyl formate. J. Org. Chem., 36, 3238-3240.
22. Kisfaludy L., and ?tv?s Jr L. (1987) Rapid and selective formylation with pentafluorophenyl formate. Synthesis (5) 510-510.
23. Krishnamurthy S. (1982) A highly efficient and general N-monomethylation of functionalized primary amines via formylation-borane:methyl sulfide reduction. Tetrahedron Lett., 23 (33) 3315-3318.
24. Mihara M., Ishino Y., Minakata S., and Komatsu M. (2003) Convenient N-formylation of secondary amines: KF-Al2O3-promoted synthesis of formamide derivatives via dichlorocarbene generated from chloroform. Synthesis (15) 2317-2320.
25. Brahmachari G., and Laskar S. (2010) A very simple and highly efficient procedure for N-formylation of primary and secondary amines at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. Tetrahedron Lett., 51 (17) 2319-2322.
26. Deepali, A., Akansha, A., Anamika B., and Kumar K. V. (2014) Hydroxylamine hydrochloride as an effective catalyst for form amide derivative synthesis and their DPPH scavenging activity. Res. J. Chem. Sci., 4 (10) 54-57.
27. Kim J. G., and Jang D. O. (2010) Facile and highly efficient N-formylation of amines using a catalytic amount of iodine under solvent-free conditions. Synlett (14) 2093-2096.
28. Waki M., and Meienhofer J. (1977) Efficient preparation of N.?-formylamino acid tert-butyl esters. J. Org. Chem., 42 (11) 2019-2020.
29. Chen F. M., and Benoiton N. L. (1979) A general method for formylating sensitive amino acid esters. Synthesis (9) 709-710.
30. Shekhar A. C., Kumar, A. R., Sathaiah, G., Paul, V. L., Sridhar, M., and Rao, P. S. (2009) Facile N-formylation of amines using Lewis acids as novel catalysts. Tetrahedron Lett., 50 (50) 7099-7101.
31. Kim J. -G., and Jang, D. O. (2010) Indium-catalyzed N-formylation of amines under solvent-free conditions. Synlett (8) 1231-1234.
32. Hosseini-Sarvari M., and Sharghi H. (2006) ZnO as a new catalyst for N-formylation of amines under solvent-free conditions. J. Org. Chem., 71 (17) 6652-6654.
33. Krishnakumar B., and Swaminathan M. (2011) A convenient method for the N-formylation of amines at room temperature using TiO2-P25 or sulfated titania. J. Mol. Catal. A Chem., 334 (1-2) 98-102.
34. Patil U. B., Singh A. S., and Nagarkar J. M. (2013) Nanoceria-catalyzed highly efficient procedure for N-formylation of amines at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. Chem. Lett., 42 (5) 524-526.
35. Sadeghpour M., Olyaei A., Derikvand Z., Razeghi R., and Vaziri M. (2013) Zr-MCM-41 nanoreactors: a highly efficient, reusable and novel catalyst for the synthesis of N-heteroaryl formamides under solvent-free conditions. J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res., 3 (2s) 125-128.
36. Khojastehnezhad A., Rahimizadeh M., Moeinpour F., Eshghi H., and Bakavoli M. (2014) Polyphosphoric acid supported on silica-coated NiFe2O4 nanoparticles: An efficient and magnetically-recoverable catalyst for N-formylation of amines. Comptes Rendus Chimie, 17 (5) 459-464.
37. Ma’mani L., Sheykhan M., Heydari A., Faraji M., and Yamini Y. (2010) Sulfonic acid supported on hydroxyapatite-encapsulated-?-Fe2O3 nanocrystallites as a magnetically Br?nsted acid for N-formylation of amines. Appl. Catal. A, 377 (1-2) 64-69.
38. Pathare S. P., Sawant, R. V., and Akamanchi K. G. (2012) Sulfated tungstate catalyzed highly accelerated N-formylation. Tetrahedron Lett., 53 (26) 3259-3263.
39. Eren B., Aydin R., and Eren E. (2014) Catalysis and reaction mechanisms of N-formylation of amines using Fe(III)-exchanged sepiolite. Chem. Papers 68 (5) 584-590.
40. De Luca L., Giacomelli G., Porcheddu A., and Salaris M. (2004) A new, simple procedure for the synthesis of formyl amides. Synlett, (14) 2570-2572.
41. Yang X. J., and Zhang Y. S. (2013) Melamine trisulfonic acid-catalyzed N-formylation of amines under solvent-free conditions. Res. Chem. Intermed., 39 (6) 2843-2848.
42. Lei M., Ma L., and Hu, L. (2010) A convenient one-pot synthesis of formamide derivatives using thiamine hydrochloride as a novel catalyst. Tetrahedron Lett., 51 (32) 4186-4188.
43. Baghbanian S. M., and Farhang M. (2013) Protic [TBD][TFA] ionic liquid as a reusable and highly efficient catalyst for N-formylation of amines using formic acid under solvent-free condition. J. Mol. Liq., 183 (1) 45-49.
44. Shirini F., Seddighi M., and Mamaghani, M. (2014) Br?nsted acidic ionic liquids supported on rice husk ash (RHA-[pmim]HSO4): a highly efficient and reusable catalyst for the formylation of amines and alcohols. RSC Adv., 4 (92) 50631-50638.
45. Das B., Krishnaiah M., Balasubramanyam P., Veeranjaneyulu B., and Kumar D. N. (2008) A remarkably simple N-formylation of anilines using polyethylene glycol. Tetrahedron Lett., 49 (14) 2225-2227.
46. Ansari M. I., Hussain M. K., Yadav N., Gupta P. K., and Hajela K. (2012) Silica supported perchloric acid catalyzed rapid N-formylation under solvent-free conditions. Tetrahedron Lett., 53 (16) 2063-2065.
47. Habibi D., Rahmani P., and Akbaripanah Z. (2013) N-formylation of anilines with silica sulfuric acid under solvent-free conditions. J. Chem. 1-6 (Article ID 972960).
48. Hong M., and Xiao G. (2013) Hafnium(IV) bis(perfluorooctanesulfonyl)imide complex supported on fluorous silica gel catalyzed N-formylation of amines using aqueous formic acid. J. Fluor. Chem., 146 (1) 11-14.
49. Habibi D., and Nasrollahzadeh M. (2013) An ultrasound-promoted green approach for the N-formylation of amines under solvent- and catalyst-free conditions at room temperature. Comptes Rendus Chimie, 16 (11) 1008-1016.
50. Kamble V. T., Bondle G. M., and Pisal P. M. (2013) Ultrasonic promoted catalyst-free N-formylation of amines in neutral ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate. Arab. J. Chem., 6 (DOI: doi:10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.09.007).
51. Sajadi S. M., Maham M., and Rezaei, A. (2014) An eco-friendly N-formylation of amines using nano cerium oxide as a recyclable catalyst under solvent-free and ultrasound irradiation conditions at room temperature. Lett. Org. Chem., 11 (1) 49-54.
52. Ghorbani-Choghamarani A., and Akbaripanah Z. (2012) 2-(Sulfooxy)propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid as novel and versatile catalyst for the formylation of alcohols and amines using ethyl formate under neat conditions. Chin. Chem. Lett., 23 (4) 450-453.
53. Iranpoor N., Firouzabadi H., and Jamalian A. (2005) Silphos [PCl3?n(SiO2)n]: a heterogeneous phosphine reagent for formylation and acetylation of alcohols and amines with ethyl formate and acetate. Tetrahedron Lett., 46 (46) 7963-7966.
54. Ghorbani-Vaghei R., Veisi H., Amiri M. (2009) Poly(N,N?-dichloro-N-ethyl-benzene-1,3-disulfonamide, N,N,N?,N?-tetrachlorobenzene-1,3-disulfonamide, poly(N,N?-dibromo-N-ethylbenze-ne-1,3-disulfonamide, and N,N,N?,N?-tetrabromobenzene-1,3-disulfonamide catalyzed formylation of amines and alcohols using ethyl formate under microwave irradiation. J. Iran. Chem. Soc., 6 (4) 761-768.
55. Jung S. H., Ahn J. H., Park S. K., and Choi J. -K. (2002) A practical and convenient procedure fo rthe N-formylation of amines using formic acid. Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 23 (1) 149-150.
56. Dhake K. P., Tambade P. J., Singhal R. S., and Bhanage B. M. (2011) An efficient, catalyst- and solvent-free N-formylation of aromatic and aliphatic amines. Green Chem. Lett. Rev., 4 (2) 151-157.
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