The Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem (MTSP) was able to model and solve various theoretical and real-life applications. This problem is one of the many difficult issues that have no perfect solution yet. In this paper, on the one hand genetic algorithms with different combinations of operators and simulated annealing were used to solve the MTSP. On the other hand, the genetic algorithm with the combination of operators that gave the best solutions of the MTSP was hybridized with a Simulated Annealing algorithm. The simulation results showed that the hybrid algorithm significantly outperforms most of the comparable methods in obtaining the best-fitness solutions compared to the other methods in most of the test cases. In addition, by scaling the fitness function according to the amplitude of tours, it was obvious that the non-dominated front obtained by the hybrid algorithm was better than the non-dominated front obtained by the other algorithms.

This paper studies the problem of assigning tasks to a workforce with different skills. The problem is modeled as an unrelated parallel scheduling problem, incorporating sequence-dependent setup times (UPMSPSDST). Exact methods generally are not able to solve real large problems of UPMSPSDST. Hence, this research introduces an efficient, straightforward metaheuristic solution leveraging the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. The objective is to minimize the total completion time while assigning jobs to unrelated parallel machines with sequence-dependent preparation times. The algorithm establishes a threshold for improving the Ants (solutions) to select only promising ants for the improvement phase, thereby reducing the computational effort performed by local search operators. The proposed ACO algorithm maintains a basic structure and could be extended to solve other scheduling problems. A set of test instances available in the literature has been used to validate the efficiency of the proposed methodology. In addition, the results have been compared with the best previously published works. The ACO algorithm improves 30% of the best-known solutions (BKS) and reaches 30% of the BKS. The results show that the average performance of the ACO algorithm exceeds the average performance of the methods used by the best previously published works for the UPMSPSDST.

This study endeavors to evaluate the effectiveness of green distribution and green supply chain practices at PT Bio Farma (Persero) in relation to polio vaccine products. The ultimate objective is to establish and attain future green distribution targets. The research methodology utilizes the Green Supply Chain Operations Reference (Green SCOR) model and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze the production and distribution data of polio vaccine (OPV) and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) products from January to December 2023. The performance values for each key component of Green Distribution and Green Supply Chain are as follows: Plan = 22.9, Source = 16.60, Make = 21.53, Deliver = 11.24, and Return = 7.08. The total performance value for Green Distribution and Green Supply Chain is 79.41. According to APICS standards, the performance of Green Distribution and Green Supply Chain is rated as “Good”. Future performance improvements will focus on supply chain and collaborative planning, establishing long-term partnerships with suppliers and customers, optimizing environmentally friendly transportation, and developing the enterprise information system. Our study proposes that the distribution and logistics managers at PT Bio Farma should persistently monitor and assess their operations to enhance the efficiency of their green distribution and green supply chains. By doing so, they can ensure the successful attainment of performance objectives for disseminating the polio vaccine in Indonesia. This research presents a significant advancement by incorporating the Green SCOR framework into the specific domain of polio vaccines, emphasizing sustainability and environmental efficiency. This approach paves the way for new avenues of investigation in green supply chain research and offers a novel viewpoint on how the pharmaceutical industry, specifically vaccine distribution, can utilize sustainable practices to enhance their operations while mitigating environmental ramifications.

This research presents a novel approach to address the Virtual Machine Placement Problem (VMPP) in cloud data centers with the aim of minimizing energy consumption. The main contributions of this study are threefold. Firstly, a Duelist Algorithm specifically designed for VMPP, which introduces a unique concept of duelists combined with optimization techniques. The algorithm aims to strike a balance between exploration and exploitation in the search space, leading to more effective resource allocation and energy-efficient cloud data center management. Secondly, enhance the performance of the Duelist Algorithm by reducing the number of algorithm-specific parameters. This simplifies the implementation process and increases the algorithm's adaptability to various real-world problems, making it more user-friendly and robust. Lastly, conduct a comprehensive comparison of the Duelist Algorithm with the widely used Hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm (HS+SA+LS) in terms of energy consumption and overall efficiency. The experimental results demonstrate that the Duelist Algorithm consistently outperforms the Hybrid Harmony Search Algorithm, achieving remarkable improvements in both best and mean fitness values. Additionally, the Duelist Algorithm exhibits lower standard deviation values, indicating more stable and consistent performance. The findings of this research validate the effectiveness of the proposed Duelist Algorithm in minimizing energy consumption and optimizing cloud resource allocation. The reduction of algorithm-specific parameters further contributes to its versatility and simplicity.

The rapid advancement of technology has substantially impacted numerous sectors, including the banking industry. It is now apparent that the banking industry is affected by the innovative role that the Internet of Things (IoT) plays, which affects a multitude of operations and services. This study uses a quantitative approach and PLS-SEM to investigate the widespread impact of Internet of Things (IoT) technology on the Excel Performance of Islamic Banks in the UAE. The study integrates the Resource-Based View (RBV), Islamic Banking Theories, and Fraud Triangle Theory to create a complete framework. The research's reliability is supported by a sample of 407 replies from 504 participants. The findings strongly support the hypotheses that IoT integration improves Islamic banking performance in the UAE, such as data analytics, customer service, automation systems, fraud detection capabilities, and asset-backed finance, while aligning with Sharia Principles and improving risk-sharing mechanisms. However, the influence of IoT on escalating fraudulent activities and hence negatively impacting performance was not proven. The study emphasizes the importance of IoT in improving operational efficiency and customer satisfaction in Islamic banks in the UAE.

The leaching of two pesticides, cholantraniliprole (CAP) and bispyribac-sodium (BPS) in sandy clay loam soil (soil A) and sandy loam soil (soil B) were examined, by soil columns under laboratory conditions. In addition, the effect of adding 5% biochar and wheat straw to the soils on the leaching of CAP and BPS was studied. It is clear from the results that BPS is more leachable than CAP in all soil columns, and more leached to soil B. It was found that the addition of biochar and wheat straw has a significant effect on the movements of these pesticides and can be used to reduce the environmental impact. For CAP, 71 to 97% and 84 to 97% were recovered from the soil A columns and soil B columns, respectively, while for BPS, 94 to 99% were recovered from columns of soil A and soil B.

Supply chain management (SCM) that is Lean, Agile, Resilient, and Green (LARG) are required for competitiveness in today's complex, high-demand market. SCM must consider LARG paradigms concurrently, a rarely investigated topic. This study provides a comprehensive review of publications that combine all four LARG principles in engineering, business, and management domains. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, two Scopus and Google Scholar databases were exhaustively examined. Thirty-two manuscripts were selected for a comprehensive review. The year of publication, document type, countries, authors, journals, keywords, and topics was analyzed from 2000 to 2023. Also, each paper's methodology, central topic, findings, limitations, and future recommendations were outlined. Consequently, the current systematic literature review (SLR) revealed that the proposed topic is in its infancy, with promising prospects. By emphasizing the findings of this study, managers and businesses can increase consumer satisfaction and reduce costs.

Rhodanines are recognized as privileged heterocycles in medicinal chemistry. The main achievements include the development of drug-like molecules with numerous biological activities as well as approved drugs. The Furan nucleus is considered one of the promising heterocyclic cores in medicinal chemistry that showed numerous ranges of activity. The combination of several heterocycles in a one molecule commonly provides much more interest in the enhanced activity profile of its analogs than their parent separate constituents. Such conjugates are promising objects for modern medicinal chemistry. In this review paper recent advances in the synthesis and biological activities rhodanine-furan conjugates which its application in the different field of drug discovery.

Molecular electron density theory has been performed with the B3LYP/6-31(d,p) method to study the [3+2] cycloaddition processes between azidobenzene and propionaldehyde, the reactivity indices, activation and reaction energies are computed. The reaction and activation energies indicate that this [3+2] cycloaddition reaction is regiospecific, in good agreement with the experimental results. ELF examination revealed that the mechanism of these cycloaddition reactions takes place in two steps. In addition, a docking approach was performed on the products investigated, and the interaction with the protein protease COVID-19 (PDB ID: 6LU7), the results confirm that the presence of triazole and isoxazole rings increases the affinity of these products.

Economic development is required to be associated with sustainable environmental protection and is considered as an urgent need in the current period. Research on the factors that determine the use of green production activities is carried out in Vietnam through a survey of 202 businesses, through Cronbach's alpha reliability analysis method, exploring EFA factors and regression analysis, research results show that the benefits of green growth, the effectiveness of communication and the quality of human resources have a positive impact on promoting green growth, while there is no influence of state policies on green growth.