How to cite this paper
Sharma, S., Gupta, M., Gupta, M & Sahu, J. (2023). Significance of Benzimidazole analogues for the creation of novel molecules in drug discovery.Current Chemistry Letters, 12(1), 27-44.
Refrences
1. Floyd J.C., Holliday E.R. and Petrow, V. (1949) Letters to the Editor. J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 1.734–735.
2. Yadav G., and GangulyS.(2015) Structure activity relationship (SAR) study of benzimidazole scaffold for different biological activities: A mini-review. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 97 419–443.
3. Keri R.S., and Hiremathad A., Budagumpi, S Nagaraja., B.M. (2015) Comprehensive review in current developments of benzimidazole-based medicinal chemistry, Chem. Biol. Drug Des., 86.19–65.
4. Bansal Y., and Silakari O. (2012) The therapeutic journey of benzimidazoles: A review. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20(21) 6208-6236.
5. Leadbeater A.J. (2014) Plant health management: Fungicides and antibiotics. In: Van Alfen N.K., editor. Encyclopedia of Agriculture and Food Systems. Academic Press; Cambridge, MA, USA: pp. 408–424.
6. Kojima T., Mochizuki M.,Takai T., Hoashi Y., Morimoto S., Seto M., Nakamura M., Kobayashi K., Sako Y., and Tanaka M. (2018) Discovery of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles as novel class of corticotropin releasing factor 1 receptor antagonists.Bioorg. Med. Chem.,26.2229–2250.
7. Wang Y., Liu W.J.,Yin L., Li H., Chen Z.H., Zhu D.X., Song X.Q., Cheng Z.Z.,Song P., and Wang Z. (2018) Design and synthesis of 4-(2,3-dihydro-1H-benzopyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazol-7-yl)-N-(5-(piperazin-1-ylmethyl)pyridine-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine as a highly potent and selective cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 inhibitors and the discovery of structure-activity relationships. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.,28.974–978.
8. Acheson R. M., King, F. E., and Spensley P. C. (1947) Benziminazoles Related to Paludrine. Nature.,160.53.
9. Hobrecker F. ( 1872) Ber. Dtsch. Chem.Ges., Berlin.,5. 920-924.
10. Spiegel L., and Kaufmann H. (1908) Reduction of dinitrophenylpiperidine. II. Communication. Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges., 41. 679–685.
11. Nair M.D. and Adams R. (1961) Benzimidazole syntheses by oxidative cyclization with peroxytrifluoroacetic acid. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 83.3518–352
12. Meth-Cohn O. (1971) Mechanism of formation of benzimidazoles by oxidation of o-acylamino-N,N-dialkylanilines with peroxy-acids. J. Chem. Soc., 1356–1357.
13. DAY A.R.(1950) Electronic Mechanisms of Organic Reactions, American Book Company:New York.
14. Kazimierczuk Z., Upcroft J.A.,Upcroft P., Gorska A.,Starosciak B., and Laudy A. (2002) Synthesis, antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity of nitro- and halogeno-substituted benzimidazole derivatives. ActaBiochim. Pol., 49. 185.
15. Vazquez G.N., Vilehis M.M.R., Mulia L.Y., Melendez V., Gerena L., Campos, A.H., Castillo R., and Luis, F.H. (2006) Synthesis and antiprotozoal activity of some 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazole bioisosteres. Eur.J.Med. Chem., 41.135.
16. Gomez H.T., Nunez E.H., Rivera I.L., Alvarez J.G., Rivera R.C., Puc R.M., Ramos R.A., Guttirez, M.C.R. Bacab M.J.C., and Vazquez G.N.(2008) Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activity of benzimidazole-pentamidinehybrids. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.,18. 3147.
17. Padilla D.V., Morales S.R., Campos A.H., Luis F.H., and Mulia L.Y., Contraras A.T., Castillo R. (2009) Synthesis and antiprotozoal activity of novel 1-methylbenzimidazole derivatives. Bioorg. Med. Chem.,17. 1724.
18. Abd S.N., and Soliman F.M.A. (2015) Synthesis, some reactions, cytotoxic evaluation and antioxidant study of novel benzimidazole derivatives. Der Pharma Chemica.,7.71–84.
19. Archie S.R., Das B., Hossain M.S., and Kumar U. (2017) Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of 2-Substituted-5-Nitro BenzimidazoleDerivatives. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 9. 308–310.
20. Bellam M ., Gundluru M., Sarva S., Chadive S., Netala V.R., Tartte V. and Cirandur S.R. (2017) Synthesis and antioxidant activity of some new N-alkylated pyrazole-containing benzimidazoles. Chem. Heterocycl. Compd., 53 (2). 173–178.
21. Yang H., Ren Y., Gao X., and Gao Y. (2016) Synthesis and anticoagulant bioactivity evaluation of 1,2,5-trisubstituted benzimidazole fluorinated derivatives Chem. Res. Chin. Univ., 32(6). 973–978.
22. Wang F., and Ren y.j. (2016) Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking of novel substituted 1-ethyl-1H-benzimidazole fluorinated derivatives as thrombin inhibitors.J Iran. Chem. Soc.,13.1155–1166
23. Kankate, R., Pangare A., Kakad R., Gide P., and NatheV. (2016) Synthesis and biological evaluation of benzimidazolyl biphenyl derivatives as antihypertensive agents.Int. J. Chem Concepts., 21.11-119
24. Alanazi Md., Alam, T.; and Imran, M.,(2017) Design, molecular docking studies, in silico drug likeliness prediction and synthesis of some benzimidazole derivatives as antihypertensive agents, Md. American J. of Pharmaceutical Sci., 4. 4926–936.
25. Lingala S., Nerella R., and Rao S. (2011) Synthesis, antimicrobial and anthelmintic activity of some novel benzimidazole derivative. Der Pharma Chemica., 3. 344–352
26. Faruk A., Dey B., Sharma K., Chakraborty A., and Pallab K. (2014) Synthesis, antimicrobial and anthelmintic activity of some novel benzimidazole derivatives. Int, J. Drug Res. Tech., 4.31-38.
27. Kenchappa R., Yadav D., Bodke S., and Telkar SindheM.(2017) Antifungal and anthelmintic activity of novel benzofuran derivatives containing thiazolobenzimidazole nucleus:an in vitro evaluation. J. Chem. Biol.,10(1).11–23.
28. Bishnoi A. Pandey V.K. and Saxena R. (1978) Synthesis and characterizationofbenzimida-zolylphenothiazine derivatives and a studyof their antiviral and antifungal activities Ind. J. Chem., 41B
29. Pandey V.K. and Shukla A. (1999) Synthesis and biological activity of isoquinolinylbenzimidazoles. Ind. J. Chem., 38, 1381.
30. Bretner M., Baier A., Kopanska1 K., Najda1 A.,Schoof A., Reinholz M., Lipniacki A., Piasek A., Kulikowski T., and Borowsk P. (2005) Synthesis and biological activity of 1H-benzotriazole and 1H-benzimidazole analogues–Inhibitors of the NTPase/helicase of HCV and of some related Flaviviridae. Antiviral. chem. Chemoth.16.315-26.
31. Kristina S., Marijeta M., Katja E., Ivan S., Magdalena G., Kresimir P., and Grace K.Z. (2007)Synthesis, antiviral and antitumor activity of 2-substituted-5-amidino-benzimidazoles. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15(13), 4419
32. Michele T., Matteo S., Bruno T., Federica N., Vito B., and Fabio S. (2010) Antiviral activity of benzimdazole derivatives.II Antiviral activity of 2-phenylbenzimidazole derivative. Bioorg Med Chem.,18(8),2937-53.
33. Reyila W., Yanbing Y., Xianjin Fei X., Dongping S., and Yuhuan L. (2013) Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzimidazole Derivatives Bearing a Heterocyclic Ring at 4/5 Position Bull Korean ChemSoc., 34(8).2297-304.
34. Hala Bakr El-Nassan. (2012) Synthesis, antitumor activity and SAR study of novel [1,2,4]triazino[4,5-a]benzimidazole derivatives European general of medicinal chemistry., 54.22-27
35. Hussain A. (2012) Benzimidazole bearing oxadiazole and triazolo-thiadiazoles nucleus: Design and synthesis as anticancer agents, Bioorganic and medicinal chemistry.,22(17). 5438- 5444.
36. ShakerY.M.,Omar M.A., Mahmoud K., Elhallouty SM., El-Senousy,W.M., Ali M.M. Mahmoud A.E., Abdel-Halim A.H., Soliman S.M., and El Diwani H.I. (2015) Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo antitumor and antiviral activity of novel 1-substituted benzimidazole derivatives J. Med. Chem., 30(5).826–845.
37. Onnis V., Demurtas M., Deplano A., Balboni G., BaldisserottoA., Manfredini S., Pacifico S., and Liekens S.J(2016) Synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of new benzimidazolehydrazones. J BalzarinMol.,16.579–588
38. MoraisG.R.,PalmaE.,MarquesF.,GanoL.,OliveiraM.C.,AbrunhosaA.,MirandaH.V. Outeiro T.F., Santos,I., and Paulo A. (2017), Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2-aryl benzimidazoles as chemotherapeutic agents,J. Heterocyclic Chem.,54.255–267.
39. Wang Z., Deng X., Xiong S., Xiong R., Liu J., Zou L., Lei X., Cao X.,Xie Z., Chen Y., Liu,Y., Zheng X., and Tang G. (2018) Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of chrysinbenzimidazole derivatives as potential anticancer agents,Nat. Prod. Res., 32(24).2900–2909.
40. AcarÇevik U., Saglık B.N., Korkut B., Ozkay y., and Ilgın S.(2018) Antiproliferative cytotoxic, and apoptotic effects of new benzimidazole derivatives bearing hydrazonemoiety.J. Heterocyclic Chem., 55. 138–148.
41. Ghoneim K.M., Essawi M.Y.H., Mohamed M.S., and Kamal, A.M.(1998) Synthesis of 2-[(4-amino or 2,4-diaminophenyl)sulfonyl] derivatives of benzimidazole, benzothiazole and 6-methyluracil as potential antimicrobial agents. Ind. J. Chem., 37. 904.
42. Kumar B.V.S., Vaidya S.D., Kumar R.V., Bhirud S.B., and Mane R.B.(2006) Synthesis and anti-bacterial activity of some novel 2-(6-fluorochroman-2-yl)-1-alkyl/acyl/aroyl-1H-benzimidazoles Eur. J. Med. Chem.,41(5).599.
43. Ansari K.F. Lal C.(2009) Synthesis, physicochemical properties and antimicrobial activity of some new benzimidazole derivatives Eur. J. Med. Chem., 44(10). 4028.
44. Ajani O.O., Tolu-Bolaji O.O., Zhao Y.,Aderohunmu,D.V., and Audu O.Y.(2016) Facile synthesis of N-substituted-2-(3,5- dinitrophenyl) benzimidazole derivatives for antimicrobial investigation. Conference On Advances in Applied Science and Environmental Engineering 22-26.
45. Gohary N., and shabaan M.(2017)Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series of benzimidazole derivatives as antimicrobial, antiquorum-sensing and antitumor agents.Eur. J. Med .chem.,131. 255-262
46. Singalapur R., Hosamani K., Keri R.,and Hugar M.(2010) Derivatives of benzimidazole pharmacophore: synthesis, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic and DNA cleavage studies. Eur. J. Med. Chem.,45(5).1753–1759.
47. Nair S., Beevi J., Merlin N., Emmanuel B., Dharan S., and Remya C.J.(2016) Insilico design, synthesis and in vitro antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activitiesof 1,3,4-thiadiazole substituted 2-methylbenzimidazole derivatives.Pharm.Res. Clin. Pract.,6.27-36
48. Sharma R., Bali A., and Chandhari.B. (2017)Synthesis of methanesulphonamido-benzimidazole derivatives as gastro-sparing antiinflammatory agents with antioxidant effect Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 27(13).3007–3013.
49. Gaba M., and Mohan C. (2015) synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1, 2, 5- substituted benzimidazole derivatives as gastroprotective anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. Med. Chem., 5(2).58–63.
50. Sethi P., Bansal y., and Bansal G.(2017) Synthesis and PASS-assisted evaluation of coumarin–benzimidazole derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic agents.Med. Chem. Res., 27(1). 61–71.
51. Abdel-Latif N.A.(2005) synthesis and antidepressant activity of some new coumarin derivatives.SciPhar., 73(4).193–216.
52. Tantray M., Khan I., Hamid H., Alam M., Dhulap A., and Kalam A.(2016) synthesis of benzimidazole-based 1,3,4-oxadiazole-1,2,3-triazole conjugates as glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitors with antidepressant activity in in vivo models, RSC Adv.49.1–33.
2. Yadav G., and GangulyS.(2015) Structure activity relationship (SAR) study of benzimidazole scaffold for different biological activities: A mini-review. Eur. J. Med. Chem., 97 419–443.
3. Keri R.S., and Hiremathad A., Budagumpi, S Nagaraja., B.M. (2015) Comprehensive review in current developments of benzimidazole-based medicinal chemistry, Chem. Biol. Drug Des., 86.19–65.
4. Bansal Y., and Silakari O. (2012) The therapeutic journey of benzimidazoles: A review. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20(21) 6208-6236.
5. Leadbeater A.J. (2014) Plant health management: Fungicides and antibiotics. In: Van Alfen N.K., editor. Encyclopedia of Agriculture and Food Systems. Academic Press; Cambridge, MA, USA: pp. 408–424.
6. Kojima T., Mochizuki M.,Takai T., Hoashi Y., Morimoto S., Seto M., Nakamura M., Kobayashi K., Sako Y., and Tanaka M. (2018) Discovery of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazoles as novel class of corticotropin releasing factor 1 receptor antagonists.Bioorg. Med. Chem.,26.2229–2250.
7. Wang Y., Liu W.J.,Yin L., Li H., Chen Z.H., Zhu D.X., Song X.Q., Cheng Z.Z.,Song P., and Wang Z. (2018) Design and synthesis of 4-(2,3-dihydro-1H-benzopyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazol-7-yl)-N-(5-(piperazin-1-ylmethyl)pyridine-2-yl)pyrimidin-2-amine as a highly potent and selective cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 inhibitors and the discovery of structure-activity relationships. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.,28.974–978.
8. Acheson R. M., King, F. E., and Spensley P. C. (1947) Benziminazoles Related to Paludrine. Nature.,160.53.
9. Hobrecker F. ( 1872) Ber. Dtsch. Chem.Ges., Berlin.,5. 920-924.
10. Spiegel L., and Kaufmann H. (1908) Reduction of dinitrophenylpiperidine. II. Communication. Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges., 41. 679–685.
11. Nair M.D. and Adams R. (1961) Benzimidazole syntheses by oxidative cyclization with peroxytrifluoroacetic acid. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 83.3518–352
12. Meth-Cohn O. (1971) Mechanism of formation of benzimidazoles by oxidation of o-acylamino-N,N-dialkylanilines with peroxy-acids. J. Chem. Soc., 1356–1357.
13. DAY A.R.(1950) Electronic Mechanisms of Organic Reactions, American Book Company:New York.
14. Kazimierczuk Z., Upcroft J.A.,Upcroft P., Gorska A.,Starosciak B., and Laudy A. (2002) Synthesis, antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity of nitro- and halogeno-substituted benzimidazole derivatives. ActaBiochim. Pol., 49. 185.
15. Vazquez G.N., Vilehis M.M.R., Mulia L.Y., Melendez V., Gerena L., Campos, A.H., Castillo R., and Luis, F.H. (2006) Synthesis and antiprotozoal activity of some 2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazole bioisosteres. Eur.J.Med. Chem., 41.135.
16. Gomez H.T., Nunez E.H., Rivera I.L., Alvarez J.G., Rivera R.C., Puc R.M., Ramos R.A., Guttirez, M.C.R. Bacab M.J.C., and Vazquez G.N.(2008) Synthesis and in vitro antiprotozoal activity of benzimidazole-pentamidinehybrids. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.,18. 3147.
17. Padilla D.V., Morales S.R., Campos A.H., Luis F.H., and Mulia L.Y., Contraras A.T., Castillo R. (2009) Synthesis and antiprotozoal activity of novel 1-methylbenzimidazole derivatives. Bioorg. Med. Chem.,17. 1724.
18. Abd S.N., and Soliman F.M.A. (2015) Synthesis, some reactions, cytotoxic evaluation and antioxidant study of novel benzimidazole derivatives. Der Pharma Chemica.,7.71–84.
19. Archie S.R., Das B., Hossain M.S., and Kumar U. (2017) Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of 2-Substituted-5-Nitro BenzimidazoleDerivatives. Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci., 9. 308–310.
20. Bellam M ., Gundluru M., Sarva S., Chadive S., Netala V.R., Tartte V. and Cirandur S.R. (2017) Synthesis and antioxidant activity of some new N-alkylated pyrazole-containing benzimidazoles. Chem. Heterocycl. Compd., 53 (2). 173–178.
21. Yang H., Ren Y., Gao X., and Gao Y. (2016) Synthesis and anticoagulant bioactivity evaluation of 1,2,5-trisubstituted benzimidazole fluorinated derivatives Chem. Res. Chin. Univ., 32(6). 973–978.
22. Wang F., and Ren y.j. (2016) Design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking of novel substituted 1-ethyl-1H-benzimidazole fluorinated derivatives as thrombin inhibitors.J Iran. Chem. Soc.,13.1155–1166
23. Kankate, R., Pangare A., Kakad R., Gide P., and NatheV. (2016) Synthesis and biological evaluation of benzimidazolyl biphenyl derivatives as antihypertensive agents.Int. J. Chem Concepts., 21.11-119
24. Alanazi Md., Alam, T.; and Imran, M.,(2017) Design, molecular docking studies, in silico drug likeliness prediction and synthesis of some benzimidazole derivatives as antihypertensive agents, Md. American J. of Pharmaceutical Sci., 4. 4926–936.
25. Lingala S., Nerella R., and Rao S. (2011) Synthesis, antimicrobial and anthelmintic activity of some novel benzimidazole derivative. Der Pharma Chemica., 3. 344–352
26. Faruk A., Dey B., Sharma K., Chakraborty A., and Pallab K. (2014) Synthesis, antimicrobial and anthelmintic activity of some novel benzimidazole derivatives. Int, J. Drug Res. Tech., 4.31-38.
27. Kenchappa R., Yadav D., Bodke S., and Telkar SindheM.(2017) Antifungal and anthelmintic activity of novel benzofuran derivatives containing thiazolobenzimidazole nucleus:an in vitro evaluation. J. Chem. Biol.,10(1).11–23.
28. Bishnoi A. Pandey V.K. and Saxena R. (1978) Synthesis and characterizationofbenzimida-zolylphenothiazine derivatives and a studyof their antiviral and antifungal activities Ind. J. Chem., 41B
29. Pandey V.K. and Shukla A. (1999) Synthesis and biological activity of isoquinolinylbenzimidazoles. Ind. J. Chem., 38, 1381.
30. Bretner M., Baier A., Kopanska1 K., Najda1 A.,Schoof A., Reinholz M., Lipniacki A., Piasek A., Kulikowski T., and Borowsk P. (2005) Synthesis and biological activity of 1H-benzotriazole and 1H-benzimidazole analogues–Inhibitors of the NTPase/helicase of HCV and of some related Flaviviridae. Antiviral. chem. Chemoth.16.315-26.
31. Kristina S., Marijeta M., Katja E., Ivan S., Magdalena G., Kresimir P., and Grace K.Z. (2007)Synthesis, antiviral and antitumor activity of 2-substituted-5-amidino-benzimidazoles. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 15(13), 4419
32. Michele T., Matteo S., Bruno T., Federica N., Vito B., and Fabio S. (2010) Antiviral activity of benzimdazole derivatives.II Antiviral activity of 2-phenylbenzimidazole derivative. Bioorg Med Chem.,18(8),2937-53.
33. Reyila W., Yanbing Y., Xianjin Fei X., Dongping S., and Yuhuan L. (2013) Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Benzimidazole Derivatives Bearing a Heterocyclic Ring at 4/5 Position Bull Korean ChemSoc., 34(8).2297-304.
34. Hala Bakr El-Nassan. (2012) Synthesis, antitumor activity and SAR study of novel [1,2,4]triazino[4,5-a]benzimidazole derivatives European general of medicinal chemistry., 54.22-27
35. Hussain A. (2012) Benzimidazole bearing oxadiazole and triazolo-thiadiazoles nucleus: Design and synthesis as anticancer agents, Bioorganic and medicinal chemistry.,22(17). 5438- 5444.
36. ShakerY.M.,Omar M.A., Mahmoud K., Elhallouty SM., El-Senousy,W.M., Ali M.M. Mahmoud A.E., Abdel-Halim A.H., Soliman S.M., and El Diwani H.I. (2015) Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo antitumor and antiviral activity of novel 1-substituted benzimidazole derivatives J. Med. Chem., 30(5).826–845.
37. Onnis V., Demurtas M., Deplano A., Balboni G., BaldisserottoA., Manfredini S., Pacifico S., and Liekens S.J(2016) Synthesis and evaluation of antiproliferative activity of new benzimidazolehydrazones. J BalzarinMol.,16.579–588
38. MoraisG.R.,PalmaE.,MarquesF.,GanoL.,OliveiraM.C.,AbrunhosaA.,MirandaH.V. Outeiro T.F., Santos,I., and Paulo A. (2017), Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2-aryl benzimidazoles as chemotherapeutic agents,J. Heterocyclic Chem.,54.255–267.
39. Wang Z., Deng X., Xiong S., Xiong R., Liu J., Zou L., Lei X., Cao X.,Xie Z., Chen Y., Liu,Y., Zheng X., and Tang G. (2018) Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of chrysinbenzimidazole derivatives as potential anticancer agents,Nat. Prod. Res., 32(24).2900–2909.
40. AcarÇevik U., Saglık B.N., Korkut B., Ozkay y., and Ilgın S.(2018) Antiproliferative cytotoxic, and apoptotic effects of new benzimidazole derivatives bearing hydrazonemoiety.J. Heterocyclic Chem., 55. 138–148.
41. Ghoneim K.M., Essawi M.Y.H., Mohamed M.S., and Kamal, A.M.(1998) Synthesis of 2-[(4-amino or 2,4-diaminophenyl)sulfonyl] derivatives of benzimidazole, benzothiazole and 6-methyluracil as potential antimicrobial agents. Ind. J. Chem., 37. 904.
42. Kumar B.V.S., Vaidya S.D., Kumar R.V., Bhirud S.B., and Mane R.B.(2006) Synthesis and anti-bacterial activity of some novel 2-(6-fluorochroman-2-yl)-1-alkyl/acyl/aroyl-1H-benzimidazoles Eur. J. Med. Chem.,41(5).599.
43. Ansari K.F. Lal C.(2009) Synthesis, physicochemical properties and antimicrobial activity of some new benzimidazole derivatives Eur. J. Med. Chem., 44(10). 4028.
44. Ajani O.O., Tolu-Bolaji O.O., Zhao Y.,Aderohunmu,D.V., and Audu O.Y.(2016) Facile synthesis of N-substituted-2-(3,5- dinitrophenyl) benzimidazole derivatives for antimicrobial investigation. Conference On Advances in Applied Science and Environmental Engineering 22-26.
45. Gohary N., and shabaan M.(2017)Synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series of benzimidazole derivatives as antimicrobial, antiquorum-sensing and antitumor agents.Eur. J. Med .chem.,131. 255-262
46. Singalapur R., Hosamani K., Keri R.,and Hugar M.(2010) Derivatives of benzimidazole pharmacophore: synthesis, anticonvulsant, antidiabetic and DNA cleavage studies. Eur. J. Med. Chem.,45(5).1753–1759.
47. Nair S., Beevi J., Merlin N., Emmanuel B., Dharan S., and Remya C.J.(2016) Insilico design, synthesis and in vitro antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activitiesof 1,3,4-thiadiazole substituted 2-methylbenzimidazole derivatives.Pharm.Res. Clin. Pract.,6.27-36
48. Sharma R., Bali A., and Chandhari.B. (2017)Synthesis of methanesulphonamido-benzimidazole derivatives as gastro-sparing antiinflammatory agents with antioxidant effect Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 27(13).3007–3013.
49. Gaba M., and Mohan C. (2015) synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 1, 2, 5- substituted benzimidazole derivatives as gastroprotective anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. Med. Chem., 5(2).58–63.
50. Sethi P., Bansal y., and Bansal G.(2017) Synthesis and PASS-assisted evaluation of coumarin–benzimidazole derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic agents.Med. Chem. Res., 27(1). 61–71.
51. Abdel-Latif N.A.(2005) synthesis and antidepressant activity of some new coumarin derivatives.SciPhar., 73(4).193–216.
52. Tantray M., Khan I., Hamid H., Alam M., Dhulap A., and Kalam A.(2016) synthesis of benzimidazole-based 1,3,4-oxadiazole-1,2,3-triazole conjugates as glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitors with antidepressant activity in in vivo models, RSC Adv.49.1–33.