The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between stock market development, business cycle and risk of the banks. The statistical population of the study is all banks whose shares were accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2015. The study selects 10 banks, which were active throughout the entire research period on the stock market. The research data were extracted from the financial statements of the companies and analyzed using regression models based on panel data. The research findings show that there was a direct and significant relationship between stock market development and risk of banks. In addition, the effect of stock market development on risk of banks was different in the presence or absence of a crisis, and the financial crisis in banks reduced the impact of the financial development on the risk of banks. The results also show that during the periods of commercial boom, the effect of the financial market development on the risk of banks was more than the periods of the recession.

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a well-known method used to measure the efficiency of decision making units. In this paper, we study the impact of the financial crisis while integrating DEA efficiency measures with Support Vector Machines (SVM). Moreover, to account for the heterogeneity effect in the efficiency measures, the gap statistical method of Tibshirani, et al., (2001) [Tibshirani, R., Walther, G., & Hastie, T. (2001). Estimating the number of clusters in a data set via the gap statistic. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B (Statistical Methodology), 63(2), 411-423.] is applied in order to achieve the optimal number of cluster. This study uses December quarterly panel data consisting of Farm Credit Agricultural Banks data from 2005 to 2016. We find strong evidence that the efficiency measures were stationary prior to the financial crisis (2005-2006), during the financial crisis (2007-2009) and post financial crisis (2010-2016). The results further show that the integrated DEA-SVM provide a lower performance during 2007-2009. Furthermore, the results show that the Agricultural banking sector was both efficient and stable over the period being analysed.

A series of semicarbazones, thiosemicarbazones, 1,3,4-oxadiazoles/thiadiazoles bearing pyrazole scaffold were designed and synthesized. All the synthesized new compounds were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were screened to probe their in vitro antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi species. The structure-activity relationship of the synthesized compounds was studied. The compounds displayed good to excellent potency against tested microorganisms. The in vitro antioxidant activities of the 1,3,4-oxadiazoles/thiadiazoles were evaluated by DPPH, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radical scavenging assay. Among the tested compounds, compound with chloro substitution showed good antioxidant potential.

During the past three decades, data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been successfully used for measuring the relative efficiency of financial or non-financial firms. This paper presents an empirical investigation to measure the relative efficiency of five Canadian banks versus 6 US big banks using DEA method. The study considers the number of employees and total assets as input and net revenue is used as the output of the DEA model. The data are collected from the official statements of the banks for the fiscal year of 2017. The results indicate that 6 US banks maintained an average efficiency of 0.87 but the average efficiency of Canadian banks was 0.72. While two US banks maintained an efficiency of one, the other US banks demonstrate relatively well in terms of the performance. In Canada, while one bank performed relatively well, the performance of the other Canadian banks were not as good as the US banks.

Preliminary experiments shows, that [3+2] cycloadditions reactions proceeds with full regioselectivity and high stereoselectivity. In consequence, 3,4-trans-2-methyl-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4-halo-4-nitroisoxazolidines are forming as predominantly (or sole) products. Additionally, prognosis for the synthesized compounds to be potential ingredients of drugs is good.

A simple, efficient protocol for one pot synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes from primary alcohols is investigated with N-bromosuccinimde as a catalyst under ultrasound irradiation. Alcohols can be converted into carbonyl compounds by removal of hydrogen in presence of N-bromosuccinimde as an oxidant and can react in situ with indole to give desired bis(indolyl)methanes. In the reported one pot multicomponent condensation reaction N-bromosuccinimde promotes the oxidation of alcohol to aldehyde, facilitating the subsequent condensation with indole to afford bis(indolyl) methanes in good to excellent yields. The inexpensiveness and easy handling are some of important feature of N-bromosuccinimde. The by-product N-succinimide can be easily recovered and recycled to N-bromosuccinimide.

Ethiopia's bottled water industry faces mounting pressure to balance economic growth with environmental responsibility. This study investigates the effect of green supply chain management (GSCM) on Ethiopian bottled water companies' economic performance, with environmental performance as a potential mediator. We employ structural equation modelling (SEM) on survey data from managers of 99 bottled water firms in Ethiopia. The findings revealed that while some GSCM practices indirectly enhance the bottom line through improved environmental impacts, others, like investment recovery initiatives, directly enhance economic performance. Notably, the study demonstrates that GSCM fosters an environmentally sustainable future for Ethiopia's bottled water industry, where environmental responsibility ultimately leads to long-term economic performance. This research offers valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to promote balanced environmental and economic growth within the Ethiopian bottled water industry, moving beyond mere “greenwashing” towards genuine sustainability.

Outbreak response can be viewed as a project for which the window of opportunity for planning is often quite limited. Therefore, regular evaluation for sharing the lessons learned is crucial, especially in the cases of national and global crises. As one of the major global concerns, the novel coronavirus, also known as COVID-19, has infected and killed many people in several countries worldwide. Hence, it is worth analyzing the performance of different countries in this regard. In this paper, the confirmed Case Fatality Rate (cCFR), and the confirmed Case Recovery Rate (cCRR) are considered as the main performance criteria, and the data are analyzed utilizing statistical confidence intervals (CIs) implemented in Python. The results identify the regions with high cCFR and low cCRR, as well as the regions with low cCFR and high cCRR. Finally, it is suggested to systematically transfer the knowledge and lessons learned from the high performing countries to where such information and knowledge is needed.

Climate change creates considerable issues for watershed management, especially in areas prone to erosion and sediment production. The purpose of this study was to examine and map the sediment yield response to future climatic scenarios in the Songwe Watershed. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), which is integrated with Regional Climate Models (RCM) under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 8.5, was used to evaluate the possible consequences on sediment transport dynamics within the watershed. The simulated results from the four Regional Climate Models (CCLM4, HIRAM5, RACMO22T, and RCA4 RCMs) showed that sediment yields increased for future estimates from 2011 to 2100 under RCP 8.5, owing mostly to increased rainfall and altered hydrological cycles. The results reveal that the average annual sediment yield could increase by 30-50% under RCP 8.5. scenario. Sediment yield mapping highlights crucial hotspots, notably in steep terrain and places with minimal vegetation cover, that are extremely susceptible to erosion, providing useful insights for focused intervention measures. The study emphasized the need for adaptive watershed management methods to counteract the negative effects of climate change on soil erosion and sediment crusade.

Considering accurate constitutive models is of the utmost importance to capture mechanical response of soft tissue and biomedical materials under physiological loading conditions. This paper investigated the behaviour of porcine myocardium of passive rested hearts. This was investigated by applying biaxial loads on the myocardium. The main objective of this research was to investigate the cardiac mechanics of various regions in the healthy passive of a porcine. The biaxial mechanical properties of myocardial tissue samples were captured using a biaxial testing system. The porcine heart was divided into three regions, namely: left ventricle (LV), septum and right ventricle (RV). In these regions, 18×18 mm2 equal samples were cut from six porcine passive hearts. For the LV sample, biaxial elastic modulus in the fibre direction is 33.3% larger than in the cross fibre direction. For the mid-wall sample, biaxial elastic modulus in the fibre direction is 18.8% larger than in the cross fibre direction. For the RV sample, biaxial elastic modulus in the fibre direction is 33.3% larger than in the cross fibre direction. It was concluded that the cardiac mechanics of LV, Septum and RV exhibit different mechanical behaviour. The mechanical behaviour exhibited by various regions (LV, Septum and RV) in the healthy porcine heart differs considerably. To develop adequate computational models, these data could be utilized to estimate the material parameters of the myocardium.