Rainfall and temperature are essential inputs for agricultural production, especially climate change-related ones. In turn, it is necessary for the development and survival of both men and animals at all biotic levels. In a reserve of great importance for the country, such as the Pacaya Samiria, these two factors play a preponderant role in the survival of animals and inhabitants of it. In this paper, VAR analysis with Granger's causality was used to determine the relationship between both variables. It was shown that there was a short-term positive relationship between climate change and rainfall in Pacaya Samiria.

The rise in carbon disclosure has yet to be matched by evidence and understanding of how carbon disclosure affects a firm’s actual carbon performance? Therefore, this study examines the relationship between voluntary carbon disclosure and the carbon performance of the UK’s listed firms by applying the ‘outside-in’ management perspective. Panel data analysis of UK FTSE350 firms and their carbon disclosures for the period 2007–2015, made on the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) platform, indicates that enhanced carbon disclosure was associated with improved carbon performance in terms of greenhouse gas emissions. Additional analysis found that the carbon disclosure-carbon performance relationship is more pronounced in carbon-intensive industries. Moreover, during the financial crisis period, the relationship of interest is insignificant, however, during the recovery years, improved carbon reporting was associated with lower emissions. This study confirms that carbon disclosure motivates companies and creates a momentum effect for the subsequent reduction in their emissions. Our findings are useful for corporate stakeholders and governmental policymakers who are concerned about the quality and consequences of carbon disclosure.

Climate change is caused by temperature, rainfall, and wind variation in locations that last a long time. This change can be described and predicted using a spatial model, one of which is the Clustering Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) Kriging model. Therefore, this research aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis in a spatial and Clustering SAR Kriging model on climate change. It presents a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with the development of the Clustering SAR Kriging model, incorporating articles from the Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Dimensions AI, and Scopus databases from 2011-2021. Furthermore, two stages of analysis have been conducted, first, bibliometric analysis was performed for mapping and thematic evolution using VOSviewer software and R-biblioshiny. This analysis generated 185 papers after conducting a duplication check and developed a network of research on evolutionary subject matters at this stage. Second, research subjects were analyzed using the Clustering SAR Kriging model. More screening criteria were followed, and 18 articles were obtained for the SLR analysis. Furthermore, the development of the Clustering SAR Kriging model was observed for the prediction and description of climate change. The results are predicted to benefit applicable businesses to predict climate phenomena in unobserved places.

Climate change creates considerable issues for watershed management, especially in areas prone to erosion and sediment production. The purpose of this study was to examine and map the sediment yield response to future climatic scenarios in the Songwe Watershed. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), which is integrated with Regional Climate Models (RCM) under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 8.5, was used to evaluate the possible consequences on sediment transport dynamics within the watershed. The simulated results from the four Regional Climate Models (CCLM4, HIRAM5, RACMO22T, and RCA4 RCMs) showed that sediment yields increased for future estimates from 2011 to 2100 under RCP 8.5, owing mostly to increased rainfall and altered hydrological cycles. The results reveal that the average annual sediment yield could increase by 30-50% under RCP 8.5. scenario. Sediment yield mapping highlights crucial hotspots, notably in steep terrain and places with minimal vegetation cover, that are extremely susceptible to erosion, providing useful insights for focused intervention measures. The study emphasized the need for adaptive watershed management methods to counteract the negative effects of climate change on soil erosion and sediment crusade.

Climate change and global warming have led to many risks and changes for the Earth, including the increase in natural fires, floods, air pollution, unusual seasons, etc. The increase in the trend of global warming may bring many countries underwater. For instance, the populous Asian nation of Bangladesh is most vulnerable to rising sea levels. It is estimated that a rise of just one meter in sea level is enough to submerge 30,000 square kilometres of the coastal areas of Bangladesh and displace 15 million people. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the effects of different factors on global warming and take possible actions to reduce the damage. Among various factors, natural fires are believed to be responsible for up to 20% of greenhouse gas production in the world. The source of 80% of fresh water in the United States is believed to be forest lands, which means the effect of natural fires can be disastrous not only for drinking water but also for aquatic habitats. In this paper, we present a survey on the impacts of forest fires on global warming.

The interconnected problems of climate change, water security, and the transition to green energy are considered to be an important area for research. This scientometric analysis investigates the intellectual landscape and the emerging trends in research connecting "Green Energy" with "Water" and climatic events like "Drought," "Flood," and "Climate Change." Based on a dataset of 228 publications taken from Scopus, the study assesses the trends of publication, the main themes of research, the most influential authors, and the top journals. The results point to a field that is developing at a very fast rate, mostly relying on the studies of hydrogen production, integration of solar and hydropower, and sustainable management of the water-energy-food nexus. The main research areas include 1) technological innovations in hydrogen production by water splitting, 2) the effects and optimization of hydropower, 3) the use of solar energy in farming and water management, and 4) the economic and environmental aspects of the green energy transition. The leading contributors are China, the United States, and a number of European countries. This analysis presents a systematic overview of the structure of the field, and at the same time, it indicates the change from basic research in energy towards approaches that are integrated and systems-based in dealing with climate resilience and sustainable resource management.

During the past four decades, there have been tremendous changes on earth due to climate change. Humankind has increasingly used fossil fuels such as coal, oil, etc. and increased the green gas effect on this planet. Nowadays, most scientists believe there must be some actions to prevent global warming to rescue the next generation from the irreversible consequences of climate change. This paper studies the recent studies on the effects of global warming in Canada. The study reviews the recent efforts on the effects of global warming on forests, lakes, etc.