The firms and the industries still using the ways and means of promotion and publicizing the products have still not achieved the level of success as the modern means of social media is providing in creating a huge demand for their products. This study involves the modern means of communication agility promises success, development, and significance of the product in an efficient manner. Social media plays a vital role in creating a demand for the products by explaining the need of the product and a very effective source of creating a link among industries, firms, management, employees and especially the individual ones who come to know the skills and expertise. The impact of social media in strengthening the relationship with the customer has been very keenly observed and the findings show that such research has detailed that the use of social media has influenced the internal and the external capabilities. The data gathered in this study shows that the firms and the industries using the approach of social media have a revolutionary impact on building and strengthening the relationship between the customer and the management, employees. This study shows a strong bond between a firm and the customer using social media.

In reality, the machines may interrupt because of the nature of deterioration of the machines. Thus, it is inevitable to perform maintenance alongside production planning. The preventive maintenance is a schedule of strategic operations that are performed prior to the failure occurring, to retain the system operating at the preferred level of consistency. Thus, preventive maintenance plays a significant role in flow shop scheduling models. With its practical significance, this study addresses a practical three-machine n jobs flow shop-scheduling problem (FSSP) in which machine specific preventive maintenance, where each machine is given with a maintenance schedule is considered. In addition, a practical ordered precedence constraint in which some set of jobs has to process in the specified order irrespective of their processing times is also considered. The problem’s goal is to establish the optimal job sequence and preventive maintenance such that the overall cost of tardiness and preventive maintenance is as minimum as possible. An efficient heuristic approach is designed to tackle the present model, resulting in total cost savings. A comparative analysis is not conducted due to absence of studies on the current problem in the literature. However, Computational experiments are carried out on some test instances and results are reported. The reported results may be useful for future studies.

Tehran, as one of the most populated capital cities worldwide, is categorized in the group of highly polluted cities in terms of the geographical location as well as increased number of industries, vehicles, domestic fuel consumption, intra-city trips, increased manufacturing units, and in general excessive increase in the consumption of fossil energies. City logistics models can be effectively helpful for solving the complicated problems of this city. In the present study, a queuing theory-based bi-objective mathematical model is presented, which aims to optimize the environmental and economic costs in city logistics operations. It also tries to reduce the response time in the network. The first objective is associated with all beneficiaries and the second one is applicable for perishable and necessary goods. The proposed model makes decisions on urban distribution centers location problem. Subsequently, as a case study, the fruit and vegetable distribution network of Tehran city is investigated and redesigned via the proposed modelling. The results of the implementation of the model through traditional and augmented ε-constraint methods indicate the efficiency of the proposed model in redesigning the given network.

The environmental changes caused by industrial activities have spurred a significant interest in designing supply chain networks by considering environmental issues such as CO2 emission. The pivotal role of taking uncertainty and risk into account in closed-loop supply chain networks has induced numerous researchers and practitioners to develop appropriate decision making tools to cope with these issues in such networks. To design a supply chain regarding environmental impacts under uncertainty of the input data and to cope with the operational risks, this paper proposes a multi objective possibilistic optimization model. The proposed model minimizes traditional costs such as cost of products shipment, purchasing machines and so on, as well as minimizing the environmental impact, and as a results strikes a balance between the two objective functions. Furthermore, in order to solve the proposed multi objective fuzzy mathematical programming model, an interactive fuzzy solution approach is applied. Numerical experiments are used to prove the applicability and feasibility of the developed possibilistic programming model and the usefulness of the applied hybrid solution approach.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of corporate governance (CG) characteristics, specifically audit committee chairman (ACC) characteristics. (tenure, expertise, and directorship) on corporate performance (CP). The study was executed on 44 firms, which were registered under the finance sector at Bursa Saudi Arabia. In terms of its scope, the study stretched over quite a long period of time and observed a considerable number of firms; more specifically, it lasted from 2015 to 2019, and observed 195 firms. The relationship between the characteristics of audit committee (AC) directors and CP has been studied extensively in the past. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the ACC's characteristics. To the best of the researcher's knowledge, no study has yet studied the effect of CG's characteristics, specifically, the ACC characteristics on CP. The study’s conclusions indicate that corporate governance (CG) characteristics, specifically audit committee chairman (ACC) characteristics (tenure and expertise) are positively related to the performance of finance companies. However, the audit committee chairman’s multiple directorships, on the other hand, has no relationship with corporate performance. Review of literature on the audit committee chairman characteristics used in this study is offered, the practical implications and the recommendations for future research works is also emphasized.

Fabric Formworks which are made using textile sheets such as Polyolefin, Polyesters/Polyethylene Terephthalate, nylon and Polypropylene are being used instead of conventional formworks in the construction industry. This article summarises significant studies and provides an updated review of references on the structural performance of fabric formworks over the last decade. The survey showed that they could be categorised into seven themes; namely, “Feasibility studies and manufacturing methods of complex structural elements”; “Finite element modelling, structural optimizing and form-finding themes”; “Pneumatic / Vacuumatic formwork theme”; “Durability, sustainability, efficiency and quality improvement”; “Cable-net fabric formwork theme”; “Stay-in-place structural formworks theme”; and “Review papers”. These categories comprise about 25%, 17%, 15%, 15%, 10%, 6% and 6% of related studies respectively.

The purpose of this paper is to explore and integrate the role of human resources with the internal practices of the Indian manufacturing industries towards successful implementation of lean manu-facturing (LM). An extensive literature survey is carried out. An attempt is made to build an ex-haustive list of all the input manifests related to human resources and internal practices necessary for LM implementation, coupled with a similar exhaustive list of the benefits accrued from its suc-cessful implementation. A structural model is thus conceptualized, which is empirically validated based on the data from the Indian manufacturing sector. Hardly any survey based empirical study in India has been found to integrate human resources with the internal processes towards success-ful LM implementation. This empirical research is thus carried out in the Indian manufacturing in-dustries. The analysis reveals six key input constructs and three output constructs, indicating that these constructs should act in unison to maximize the benefits of implementing lean. The structural model presented in this paper may be treated as a guide to integrate human resources with internal practices to successfully implement lean, leading to an optimum utilization of resources. This work is one of the very first researches to have a survey-based empirical analysis of the role of human resources and internal practices of the Indian manufacturing sector towards an effective lean im-plementation.

The present research endeavor delves into the profound effects of gamified assistive applications on the levels of user engagement, motivation, and academic attainment within the population of students grappling with learning disabilities in the esteemed nation of Jordan. The study involved individuals who actively interacted with a gamified assistive application that was specifically developed to offer tailored educational opportunities and enhance their scholarly advancement. The analysis of descriptive statistics unveiled a noteworthy degree of app engagement, signifying the app's proficiency in captivating and maintaining students' focus. The utilization of paired-samples t-tests revealed noteworthy enhancements in both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation subsequent to the utilization of the application, thereby underscoring the favorable impact of gamified components on student motivation. Furthermore, a notable enhancement in scholastic attainment was noted, underscoring the application's influence on augmenting students' educational results. The findings of the correlational analysis unveiled a noteworthy association between the utilization of mobile applications, the presence of intrinsic motivation, and the attainment of academic success. This implies that heightened levels of engagement and motivation are linked to enhanced academic performance. The results of this study highlight the considerable promise of gamified assistive applications in fostering motivation and providing support to students who face challenges associated with learning disabilities. The incorporation of gamification into educational technologies presents educators with a promising strategy to cultivate active participation and elevate scholarly accomplishments within this demographic, ultimately advancing inclusivity and fostering educational triumph.

Density functional theory with the basis set of 6-31+G(d) was used to investigate on the carbon nano layers, C(sp2), potential as a drug delivery system for transferring of anti-cancer drug temozolomide to the target tissue. In order to elucidate the possibility of drug transmission by utilizing a carrier, the mechanisms of direct drug degradation, and loaded drug on the carrier are analyzed and examined completely. Two possible and different pathways for direct drug hydrolysis have been considered. According to obtained results activation barriers of these two pathways are 62.17 and 72.10 kcal mol^-1, and 64.30 and 70.10 kcal mol^-1 for two gas mode and also two aqueous solvent conditions respectively. By comparison of outcomes, it can be found out that these activation barriers for both degradation pathways are significantly greater than the activation barriers for drug separation from the surface of carbon carrier (18.59 and 51.92 kcal mol^-1 for gas mode and 11.79 and 44.67 kcal mol-1 for aqueous solvent). Therefore, by studying the achieved outcomes, it can be deduced that separation and releasing of the drug from the carrier occurs faster kinetically than direct degradation of temozolomide, so the drug can reach to the target before direct decomposition.

Poultry industry is a key sector in the Indonesian economy, producing and supplying sixty five percent of all animal protein and with ten percent employment share of labor in national economy. Over the last thirty years, there has been an increase in production of agro food globally. Economists agree that demand of agro product has increased due to population growth, product consumption and the increased income. In Indonesia, poultry production has not been able to meet the demand which makes it difficult to supply produced chicken to remote areas. Moreover, in Indonesia, the supply chain network of poultry production does not meet the demand of this growing sector Hence, a well-established supply chain system is required for this sector. Large production companies should create a proper supply chain system by integrating poultry product modularity Such an interaction between companies having SCM skills and poultry suppliers will enhance poultry business performance. This study employed a cross sectional research mode and designed a survey to collect data from poultry production units in Indonesia. Results reveal that due to suppliers’ involvement and integrating product modularity make a significant positive effect on poultry business performance. In addition, it was also revealed that SCM skills were moderating positively in poultry business performance which in turn helped poultry producer to develop a better supply chain network. It is recommended that government should make appropriate polices to develop better supply chain networks for the economic growth of country.