The development of Islamic tourism such as Umrah does not get much attention in the literature though there are 6 million people all around the world performing Umrah every year. Nowadays, social media has been recognized as an important tool in building and maintaining the image of tourist destination especially in the Umrah context. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of social media experiences (interactions and sharing of contents) on attitudes and behavioral intentions towards Umrah package (booking decisions and electronic Word of Mouth) among generation X and Y. Sums of three hundred eighty-four respondents were engaged as the respondents. The population of this study was among Malaysian Muslim citizens who had social media experiences in seeking online information and knowledge about Umrah and already performed Umrah. The data then was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) software. The findings of this study confirmed that sharing of contents of social media experiences has significant and positive relationship on behavioral intentions (booking decisions and electronic Word of Mouth).

The competition manufacturing companies face has driven the development of novel and efficient methods that enhance the decision making process. In this work, a specific flow shop scheduling problem of practical interest in the industry is presented and formalized using a mathematical programming model. The problem considers a manufacturing system arranged as a work cell that takes into account the transport operations of raw material and final products between the manufacturing cell and warehouses. For solving this problem, we present a multiobjective metaheuristic strategy based on simulated annealing, the Pareto Archived Simulated Annealing (PASA). We tested this strategy on two kinds of benchmark problem sets proposed by the authors. The first group is composed by small-sized problems. On these tests, PASA was able to obtain optimal or near-optimal solutions in significantly short computing times. In order to complete the analysis, we compared these results to the exact Pareto front of the instances obtained with augmented ε-constraint method. Then, we also tested the algorithm in a set of larger problems to evaluate its performance in more extensive search spaces. We performed this assessment through an analysis of the hypervolume metric. Both sets of tests showed the competitiveness of the Pareto Archived Simulated Annealing to efficiently solve this problem and obtain good quality solutions while using reasonable computational resources.

The regioselectivity of the [3+2] cycloaddition reactions between benzonitrile N-oxide as three-atom component and two series of para-substituted β-nitrostyrene analogues was analysed in the framework of
a Molecular Electron Density Theory. All of the considered processes were found to be initiated by the attack of the most nucleophilic oxygen atom in the benzonitrile N-oxide on the most electrophilic carbon atom (C_α) in the nitroalkenes. This type of interaction favours the formation of 4-nitro-substituted
Δ²-isoxazolines.

This research was undertaken to examine the effect of low corporation tax rate on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflow and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Investors and multinational firms are very rational and therefore prefer to invest in countries where the cost of taxation will be at the barest minimum to maximize their profit. The study aimed to critically analyze the Corporate Income Tax (CIT) rates of the randomly selected countries of the world, and their respective impacts on FDI and GDP. The study is descriptive in nature, based on quantitative data, sourced from various reports of Statutory Corporate Income Tax Rates of Tax Foundation, World Bank and UNCTAD World Investment Report of 2022. Ex-post Facto research design was deployed; while data were analyzed with a General Linear Model of Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) with the aid of SPSS version 25. The study found that low rate of corporation tax has a positive and significant effect on FDI as well as on GDP. That is, CIT rate is a dominant determinant for FDI and GDP of countries.

The application of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is restricted due to limited information about the mechanical properties of printed parts. Therefore, it is required to determine the mechanical properties of the FDM properties to avail the full benefit of the FDM process. In the present study, Classic Laminate Theory (CLT) has been employed at the different configurations of layer thickness and raster width. The required elastic constant of material for CLT has been experimentally obtained through FDM printed Polylactic Acid (PLA) unidirectional specimens at 0°, 45° and 90° for different combinations of layer height and raster width. For these different combinations of layer height and raster width, constitutive models were developed to predict the tensile properties of the PLA parts. Tensile strength of the FDM printed bi-directional specimens has been experimentally obtained to validate the proposed CLT model results. The experimental tensile strength data is in good agreement with the data predicted by the proposed CLT model. Higher tensile strength and modulus were achieved with 0° raster angle compared to 90° raster angle. In the case of a bi-directional printed specimen, higher tensile strength was obtained with 45°/-45° raster angle followed by 30°/-60° and 0°/90° raster angle.

The supply chain has been a major component of competitive strategy to enhance organizational productivity and profitability, and the supply chain is a relatively new and rapidly expanding discipline that is transforming the way that manufacturing and non-manufacturing operations meet the needs of their customers. This study aims to establish the role of management accounting in the development of supply chain performance in logistics manufacturing companies. The study applies a quantitative research methodology and uses a questionnaire method to collect the data. The study sample consists of 181 respondents. This study analyzes the data using the (SPSS) program. The results reveal a statistically significant relationship at the significance level (α≤0.05) between the management accounting, including the “target cost, value chain costing and quality costing” and supply chain performance in logistics manufacturing companies.

Most counterfeit studies engage consumers’ intention to purchase without considering their past experiences. Understanding consumers who have experienced in counterfeit product situations and how this has influenced their actual perceptions, attitudes and behavior on this is-sue is important to understand. Therefore, this study aims to understand the repurchase behavior of experienced consumers in regards to counterfeit products and their demographics, past purchases, materialism, economic and social factors. In addition, this study also investigates the mediating effect of attitude on the relationship between the factors and the repur-chase behavior. The participants are among 200 working adults who have purchased counterfeit products in a six-month period. Multiple regression analysis indicates that gender (female), past purchasing behavior, materialism and social factors had positive relationships with repurchase behavior. Remarkably, the economic factor is found to be significant. However, it has a negative relationship with repurchase behavior indicating that experienced consumers in counterfeit products purchase fake goods to minimize the economic effect. Hierarchical regression analysis indicates the mediating effect of attitude on the relationship between past purchase and materialism on repurchase behavior. The outcome of this study can also be used as a reference and knowledge base for scholars and marketers in understanding the attitude of consumers and their repurchase intention of counterfeit products.

New series of mononuclear octahedral Ru(III) complexes of general formula [RuL^1-3Cl]Cl₂ (1-3) where L = dianion of Schiff bases namely: 2,2'-(((1E,1'E)-thiophene-2,5-diylbis(methaneylylidene))bis(azaneylylidene))diphenol (H₂L¹), 2,2'-(((1E,1'E)-thiophene-2,5-diylbis(methaneylylidene))bis(azaneylylidene))dibenzenethiol (H2L2) and 2,2'-(((1E,1'E)-thiophene-2,5-diylbis(methaneylyli-dene))bis(azaneylyli-dene))-dibenzoic acid (H₂L³), respectively are synthesized and characterized by different physico-chemical techniques. The results of interaction of complexes with CT-DNA supported that, the Ru (III) complexes bind to DNA via an intercalative mode. The interaction has also been investigated by gel electrophoresis. Interestingly, it was found that all Ru(III) complexes cleave super coiled (SC) pUC19 plasmid DNA efficiently in the absence of an external agent. Further, the antiproliferative activity of the complexes on Human Cervical Cancer Cells (HeLa) and Human Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7) were evaluated by MTT assay, which revealed that, all the complexes showed more intense inhibition against HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines, particularly Ru(III) complex (3) attenuated the strongest proliferation, allowing its use as chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment.

Modelling is an effective way of designing, understanding, and analysing bio-refinery supply chain systems. The supply chain is a complex process consisting of many systems interacting with each other. It requires the modelling of the processes in the presence of multiple autonomous entities (i.e. biomass producers, bio-processors and transporters), multiple performance measures and multiple objectives, both local and global, which together constitute very complex interaction effects. In this paper, simulation models for recovering biomass from the field of the biorefinery are developed and validated using some industry data and the minimum biomass recovery cost is established based on different strategies employed for recovering biomass. Energy densification techniques are evaluated for their net present worth and the technologies that offer greater returns for the industry are recommended. In addition, a new scheduling algorithm is also developed to enhance the process flow of the management of resources and the flow of biomass. The primary objective is to investigate different strategies to reach the lowest cost delivery of sugarcane harvest residue to a sugar factory through optimally located bio-refineries. A simulation /optimisation solution approach is also developed to tackle the stochastic variables in the bioenergy production system based on different statistical distributions such as Weibull and Pearson distributions. In this approach, a genetic algorithm is integrated with simulation to improve the initial solution and search the near-optimal solution. A case study is conducted to illustrate the results and to validate the applicability for the real world implementation using ExtendSIM Simulation software using some real data from Australian Mills.

The purpose of this descriptive-explanatory study is to examine the relationship between critical thinking and creativity and the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium-sized businesses (MSMEs) in Indonesia during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this study, a questionnaire instrument was used, which was given online using Online Survey Forms, to collect information from a sample of 108 business managers who were selected at random to participate. Using the SmartPLS software, an analysis was performed once the data had been collected. The results indicate a substantial impact on the performance of MSMEs in Indonesia was found to be associated with critical thinking and innovation, according to the findings.