A search engine is an essential tool in our daily life. With the development of society and net-work technology, the users’ requirement of Internet information is increasing. For most search methods, keyword searching is in a crucial position. However, what about the quality of key-word search in different search engines? This paper evaluates the quality of keyword searching among different search engines project.

In recent years, clients often employ multiple contractors to implement different activities of the projects. Each contractor manages and implements a subset of activities according to the deter-mined schedule and payments. In this situation, time/cost trade-off problem becomes a distributed decision making problem in which the client, as leader, and the contractors, as followers, pursue their own objectives. We establish a multi-objective, bi-level distributed programming model based on fuzzy mathematical programming for this time/cost trade-off problem. The model is then developed for three common behaviors of client i.e. profit seeking, minimization of project time, as well as combination of profit seeking and minimization of project time behaviors. As the solution approaches, we propose transformation method based on Karush-Kuhn-Tucker condi-tions projects to transform bi-level programming problem to a single level one. Numerical results reveal that the client’s behaviors have measurable impact on time and cost of activities performed by contractors. Moreover, we found that when the client does not have complete information about the contractors’ financial situations, the client should make trade-off between his confidence level and his profit.

Risk management plays an important role on the success of the any project. There are several techniques, which are available to help different phases of risk management process. This paper presents a survey to identify the necessary tools, which are mostly implemented and related to the success of any project management, and more specifically with effective project risk management. The survey is based on a questionnaire designed to a sample of project managers from the construction industries. The response data was studied to determine which tools are more used in the organizations, which could yield a better project management performance.

Selection of an appropriate contractor plays an important role for the success of the accomplish-ment of any construction project. This paper presents a multi-criteria decision making method for contractor selection. The proposed study uses six criteria, namely; Experience, Financial stability, Quality performance, Manpower resources, Equipment resources and Current workload for evaluating different contractors. Using analytical hierarchy process, the study ranks these criteria and finds the relative importance of them. Next, The technique for Order of Preference by Simi-larity to ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used to rank the alternative contractors according to these criteria.

Nowadays, projects have become so widespread in the world that individuals and organizations are always involved in a variety of them. Recent advances in technology and fundamental chang-es in most scientific disciplines have had an essential impact on projects, and have made the na-ture and environmental conditions governing them to become more complex than before. With increasing complexity, the amount of information needed for project management increases. In general, the increasing complexity of projects is a growing source of project risks. It has been recognized that complexity affects the performance of a project and will be effective in its suc-cess. In this context, the traditional principles and practices of project management are no longer able to control the emerging complexity of projects. In addition, one of the key factors for the success of the projects is the appropriateness of the project manager's assignment. Many studies have been carried out in identifying the suitability criteria of the project manager and the methods of selecting the project manager. In most of these studies, the amount and type of complexity of the project are mentioned as factors influencing the design of an appropriate project manager. However, there has not yet been a specific approach for selecting the project manager with re-gard to the complexity of the project. Therefore, in this research, we try to investigate the rela-tionship between the complexity of the project and the merits of the project manager by applying a structural equation modeling approach.

This paper considers the dynamic variant of single processor scheduling problem of minimizing total tardiness. In practice, it occurs when minimizing tardiness penalty. The problem is NP-hard; thus two heuristics were proposed. The utility of the proposed models was demonstrated through computational experiments and comparative analyses against existing solution methods and the Branch and Bound (BB) method. The results show that the proposed models yield effi-cient solutions and in most cases perform effectively better than the existing heuristics in the lit-erature.

Construction sites are accident-prone locations and therefore safety management plays an im-portant role in these workplaces. This study presents an adaptive algorithm for performance as-sessment of project management with respect to resilience engineering and job security in a large construction site. The required data are collected using questionnaires in a large construction site. The presented algorithm is composed of radial basis function (RBF), artificial neural networks multi-layer perceptron (ANN-MLP), and statistical tests. The results indicate that preparedness, fault-tolerance, and flexibility are the most effective factors on overall efficiency. Moreover, job security and resilience engineering have similar statistical impacts on overall system efficiency. The results are verified and validated by the proposed algorithm.

Use of Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) is highly significant in Flexible Manufacturing Sys-tem (FMS) in which material handling in form of jobs is performed from one work center to an-other work center. A multifold increase in through put of FMS can be observed by application of multi load AGVs. In this paper, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) integrated with Memetic Algorithm (MA) named as Modified Memetic Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (MMP-SO) is applied to yield initial feasible solutions for scheduling of multi load AGVs for minimum travel and waiting time in the FMS. The proposed MMPSO algorithm exhibits balanced explora-tion and exploitation for global search method of standard Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm and local search method of Memetic Algorithm (MA) which further results into yield of efficient and effective initial feasible solutions for the multi load AGVs scheduling problem.

Uber and its main competitor Lyft are competing aggressively to attract more drivers and in turn limit the access of their competitors in the drivers’ supply base. To control the supply side, it is important to analyze the ride-sharing platforms from drivers’ perspective. Using Uber and Lyft drivers’ online reviews, it is shown that drivers are slightly rating Uber higher than Lyft. Additionally, comparing Uber and Lyft rating trend over time, the analysis shows that they are closely competing to attract more drivers. On the aggregate level, drivers count job flexibility, work/life balance, and meeting new people as the main advantages of working in the ride-sharing platforms. On the other hand, the results show that drivers suffer from insufficient compensation of their op-erating costs, poor job security, experiencing bad riders’ behavior, and poor customer service.

Inconel 600 is a super alloy known for its properties like low thermal conductivity and work hard-ening. The work hardening property of this alloy makes it harder and harder during successive passes of the tool during machining. Therefore, machining of this type of material demands inno-vation in tool material, selection of proper combination of parameters and their levels for economical machining. Coated carbide tool inserts are most widely used for machining Inconel alloys. These inserts are coated with special materials by PVD or CVD technique to reduce flank wear, improve surface finish of machined components and increase the material removal rate (MRR). In this work carbide insert coated with nanocomposite coatings like AlTiN and TiAlSiN commercially known as Hyperlox and HSN2 were used and their performance during machining of Inconel 600 was studied. As improper selection of process parameter influences on the quality of products and productivity, it is important to identify the optimum combination of input process parameters. Most of the time the influence of the input process parameters on the output parameters like MRR, surface roughness and flank wear is studied independently. Information obtained through single objective optimization may not be sufficient because industries desire to optimize all the output parameters, simultaneously. Multi-objective optimization is the only solution to satisfy the requirements of industries and genetic algorithm based multi-objective optimization is adopted in this work in order to get the optimum combination of input process parameters to obtain maximum material removal rate, minimum surface roughness and minimum flank wear simultaneously.