This paper presents an empirical investigation to determine the important factors influencing on adoption of biofuels from consumer’s perspective. The study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes it among 211 randomly selected people who use green products in city of Tehran, Iran. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.812, which is well above the acceptable level. Using principle component with Varimax rotation, the study has determined five important factors including social commitment, product usefulness, infrastructure, management approach and customer oriented, which influence the most on adaptation of biofuels.

Nowadays the use of fossil fuels as a non-renewable energy source has become a major challenge because of the pollution and the environmental impact. Substitution of biomass as an energy source and its supply chain design is the main question. Because of difficulties such as supply chain complexity, uncertainty in variables and selecting the site of bio-refineries many studies have been conducted in this regard. Studies in the field of biomass and biofuel production are described and classified. Also the strategic decisions such as choosing the sites, selecting energy conversation technology, ensuring economic, environmental, technical, and social sustainability and tactical decisions including allocating resources to productive plants, selecting transport modes, and types of warehouses are addressed in the reviewed papers. We have reviewed 140 papers in the interval between 1997 and 2016 and classified them based on the objective functions. The articles are classified based on their being single or multi objectivity, linearity or nonlinearity. Finally, a classification based on the regions in which the studies have been done.

The worldwide quest for sources of energy that are both sustainable and renewable has made algal biofuel a strong candidate to take over fossil fuels. Here, for the first time, a scientific study offers an in-depth analysis based on citation of the top 100 articles in the field of algae and biofuel and the Scopus database has been used for drawing the citation map of this fast-developing research area. Various quantitative bibliometric indicators are used in this paper to show and explain the development of the field through publication growth, citation analysis, geographical distribution, author and institutional productivity, journal performance, and keyword co-occurrence networks. It was 2010 when there was an exploding point of research output and citation impact and all this was due to the global energy crisis and climate change imposing a greater need for research believers. Also, the cutting-edge themes have kept on changing from the primary dependence of the choice of the best strain for lipid induction and isolation to complications in downstream processing, techno-economic assessment, life cycle analysis (LCA), integrated biorefinery systems, and co-products valorization. Mapping of geographical distribution clearly points out U.S., China, and India as the top three countries contributing to research along with their noteworthy international collaboration. Also, the views of Pugazhendhi Arivalagan, Wei-Hsin Chen, and Mohamed F. A. Hossain are among those that have most impacted the discourse. The keyword co-occurrence network revealed four major clusters of themes which were: "Lipid extraction and transesterification," "Biorefinery and sustainability," "Cultivation and photobioreactors," and "Hydrothermal liquefaction." In conclusion, the field is growing from the basic laboratory research to the entire, large-scale, and economically viable systems, with future trends in the direction of the application of genetic engineering, AI-driven optimization, and integration with the circular bio-economy. The results were a great help for researchers, policymakers, and industry players in determining the past, present, and future of algal biofuel research.