An important issue in ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocols is route failure caused by node mobility in the MANETs. The AODV requires a new route discovery procedure whenever a route breaks and these frequent route discoveries increase transmission delays and routing overhead. The present study proposes a new method for AODVs using a genetic algorithm to improve the route recovery mechanism. When failure occurs in a route, the proposed method (GAAODV) makes decisions regarding the QOS parameter to select source or local repair. The task of the genetic algorithm is to find an appropriate combination of weights to optimize end-to-end delay. This paper evaluates the metrics of routing overhead, average end-to-end delay, and packet delivery ratio. Comparison of the new algorithm and AODV (RFC 3561) using a NS-2 simulator shows that GAAODV obtains better results for the QOS parameters.

This study aims to evaluate and to compare the adherence rate of religious values between the two ethnic groups of Turkish and Kurdish who live in West Azerbaijan province. The study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale, low, medium and high, and distributes it among a sample of 200 people who live in these two regions. The result of our survey indicates that Azeri people were more religious than Kurdish people were. In addition, the study investigates the relationship between personal characteristics including age, gender and marital status and adherence rate of religious values and detects some meaningful relationships between these two items.

This paper develops a balanced scorecard (BSC) in order to prepare a comprehensive tool for performance evaluation. In this way, an experimental test is conducted in the Resorts of Ramsar Green City located in the north of Iran, in which the factors of a blue ocean strategy influence on the dimensions of the BSC. The sample number of this study consists of 90 managers and experts of the employees who work for Resorts of Ramsar Green City. The acquired data are analyzed with using the t-test. The obtained results show that the blue ocean strategy changes in the objects and the scales of the BSC.

This paper examines the relationship between liquidity and quality of financial information by analyzing long-term trends in illiquidity measure for firms that restate their financial statements. The study uses a method developed by Amihud (2002) [Amihud, Y. (2002). Illiquidity and stock returns: cross-section and time-series effects. Journal of financial markets, 5(1), 31-56.]. The original sample consists of 98 listed firms in Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2004-2011. In this study, the measurement of quality of financial information is associated with presence or absence of financial restatement cases. We find that for most income decreasing restatements illiquidity increases before restatement announcement and this increase continues after restatement announcement. Overall, our results indicate a positive relationship between quality of financial information and liquidity.

Many organizations try to provide products with lower prices and better quality to meet their customers’ needs by identifying and learning about customers and their needs, and to achieve this important, they need a powerful knowledge tool that relies on customers’ knowledge details. This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the effects of organizational capacity on the performance of customer relationship management. The study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale, distributes it among some experts and using structural equation modeling verifies that managers’ commitment influences the most on getting knowledge from customer (B = 0.389, Sig. = 0.000). In addition, Managers’ commitment influences positively on knowledge about customer (B = 0.355, Sig. = 0.000). Moreover, Staffs’ commitment influences on knowledge about customer (B = 0.36, Sig. = 0.000).

This paper presents an empirical investigation to identify and weight elongation factors promoting science and technology parks for development of the national innovation system. The study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and determines the relative importance of seven groups of items including policy, financial resources of innovation, knowledge acquisition for innovation, upgrading innovation technology, knowledge distribution, human resources development and good and service production. Using some statistical observation, the study indicates that human resources development is the most important factor followed by financial resources and policy. In addition, the study has determined positive and meaningful relationships among all pairs of factors in development of national innovation system.

Quality function deployment (QFD) is one such extremely important quality management tool, which is useful in product design and development. Traditionally, QFD rates the design requirements (DRs) with respect to customer requirements, and aggregates the rating to get relative importance score of DRs. An increasing number of studies emphasize on the need to incorporate additional factors, such as cost and environmental impact, while calculating the relative importance of DRs. However, there are different methodologies for driving the relative importance of DRs, when several additional factors are considered. TOPSIS (technique for order preferences by similarity to ideal solution) is suggested for the purpose of the research. This research proposes new approach of TOPSIS for considering the rating of DRs with respect to CRs, and several additional factors, simultaneously. Proposed method is illustrated using by step-by-step procedure. The proposed methodology was applied for the Sanam Electronic Company in Iran.

This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the effect of product quality on behavioral and attitudinal loyalty. The study is accomplished among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) located in province of Kerman, Iran. The study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes it among 180 randomly selected full time employees who work in this region. Cronbach alphas for product quality, behavioral and attitudinal loyalty have been calculated as 0.944, 0.865 and 0.913, respectively. Using structural equation modeling, the study has confirmed a positive and meaningful relationship between product quality and behavioral (B = 0.807 Sig. = 0.000) and attitudinal loyalty (B = 0.926 Sig. = 0.000).

Medical tourism is considered as one of the tourism dimensions and it can contribute to the stabilized and dynamic development of a country & apos; s economy. Since it is cost-effective industry, most developing countries have focused on this industry and they are planning to develop this industry. Not only does Zanjan province, as the central region in medicine services, enjoy different kinds of variety and acceptable medical specialties but also it has historical, natural, and religious tourism potentials. In this survey, the researcher investigated the existing potentials of Zanjan province based on descriptive - analytical tourism in offering and providing medical services and accommodation. The survey reports that offered services in tourism were not acceptable and satisfactory.

This paper studies the effects of Quality of Management Education (QME) at universities on knowledge creation, application and distribution in knowledge based economy(KEI). The study also investigates the influence of QME on effective use of knowledge in economic development(KI).Using some regression technique, the study has determined a positive relationship of the effects of QME on KEI and KI in members of organization of Islamic cooperation (OIC). In addition, the study investigates the position of Iran in terms of quality of management education and the level of knowledge based economy.