Violence against women has been one of the most controversial issues in modern societies. During the past few decades, there have been tremendous efforts on providing supports for women against any kind of family violence and dispute. The proposed study of this paper attempts to investigate women & apos; s position on domestic violence. We design a questionnaire and distribute among 880 people who are randomly chosen from a population of 441782 residences who live in city of Esfahan, Iran. The result of our survey confirms that Iranian women experienced different types of violence in their lives. The study also suggests some guidelines based on an adaptation of advices in other countries in an attempt to reduce the rates of crime, significantly.

Stock market prediction is one of the most important interesting areas of research in business. Stock markets prediction is normally assumed as tedious task since there are many factors influencing the market. The primary objective of this paper is to forecast trend closing price movement of Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) using financial accounting ratios from year 2003 to year 2008. The proposed study of this paper uses two approaches namely Artificial Neural Networks and multi-layer perceptron. Independent variables are accounting ratios and dependent variable of stock price , so the latter was gathered for the industry of Motor Vehicles and Auto Parts. The results of this study show that neural networks models are useful tools in forecasting stock price movements in emerging markets but multi-layer perception provides better results in term of lowering error terms.

During the past few years, there have been increasing discussions on the impact of brand in business units. Many researchers have concluded that the best way to increase sales is to introduce the brand in society. In this study, we consider the impact of brand identity on increasing product loyalty in one of Iranian dairy products. The proposed study is implemented in city of Tehran by choosing 475 people. The proposed model is analyzed using structural equation model and factor analysis. The results indicate that there is a direct positive relationship between brand and loyalty and a powerful brand could help setup a long-term relationship between customer and firm, which leads to brand loyalty. In other words, brand identity influences perception value, customer satisfaction, brand trust while perception value influences customer satisfaction and brand trust. In addition, customer satisfaction influences brand trust, brand trust influences customer loyalty and finally brand identity indirectly influences customer loyalty.

In this paper, we present an empirical study to investigate the effects of different marketing efforts on brand equity in mobile industry. The proposed study of this paper distributes a questionnaire consists of 26 questions including loyalty, quality perception, awareness, exclusiveness, word of mouth advertisement, brand name image, advertisement, price, distribution and guarantee. A sample 428 people are selected in a city of Tehran/Iran and they are asked to reply questions on Likert based. The results show that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between marketing mix efforts and brand equity. In other words, more advertisements could help better market exposure, which means customers will have more awareness on market characteristics. Among all mixed efforts, guarantee influences more on brand equity, which means consumers care more on product services than other features. Finally, among different characteristics of brand equity, product exclusiveness plays an important role. In other words, people are interested in having exclusive product, which is different from others.

One of the most important responsibilities of welfare receivers in all communities is to find a job. In many cases, people are encouraged to act as entrepreneurs and create jobs and opportunities. In this study, we perform an empirical study among 280 welfare receivers to measure the effects of social cognitive consultation on changing receivers' entrepreneurship attitudes. The study uses Bandura's social cognitive questionnaire and select 30 volunteers who receive the lowest marks in this survey and they are divided into two groups. The study provides a consultation among them for eight consecutive sessions of two hour-period and the results indicate that the consultation can change both welfare receivers' perception and their attitude, significantly.

Systematic risk (beta) is one of the most effective factors in predicting the appropriate required rate of return of portfolios. Understanding systematic risk of usual portfolio of various companies helps investors consider financial investment, more confidentially. The aim of this study is to determine if there is any significant relationship between Company Size (Market value of stocks, Book value of stocks, level of company sale, trade volume of stocks, Price dividend ratio) as independent variables and Systematic risk (Beta) as dependent variables. The study chooses 112 companies accepted in Tehran Stock Market based on screening (systematic deletion) in a six-year- period from 2005 to 2010. The required data were gathered from basic financial statement, committee reports, and other available documents in Tehran Stock Market. Regression and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the data. The results of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between the variables. Some suggestions regarding the topic of the research are given too.

The study investigates different factors influencing people to have more stress in a hydropower unit located in city of Esfahan, Iran. Since there were only 81 people working for customer service section of this company and the proposed study tries to focus only on this part of the firm we have decided to distribute questionnaires among all of them. The questionnaire consists of two parts, in the first part, we gather all private information such as age, gender, education, job experience, etc. through seven important questions. In the second part of the survey, there are 66 questions, which include all the important factors influencing employees & apos; stress. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.946, which is well above the minimum acceptable level. The results of our ANOVA tests shows that among different factors, difficulty of working condition as well as work pressure are two most important factors increasing stress among employees. The other findings indicate that there is not a significant difference on work stress among different groups of employees in terms of their job title, educational level, employment type and gender (P & GT; 0.05). The other finding indicates that there is a meaningful difference between different groups of people with various ages, marital status and job experience (P & GT; 0.05).

Form deviation of machined components need to be controlled within the required tolerance values for proper assembly and to serve the intended functional requirements. Methods like minimum zone circle (MZC) method, minimum circumscribed circle (MCC) method, maximum inscribed circle (MIC) method and least square circle (LSC) method are used to evaluate roundness error. Roundness error evaluation includes collection of co-ordinate points on the surface of the compo-nent and measurement using any of the above methods. Since, manual measurement of roundness error from these coordinate points is time consuming and less accurate, use of algorithms is highly appreciated. A detailed study of various optimization techniques showed that all evolutionary and swarm intelligence-based optimization algorithms require common control parameters and algorithm specific parameters. Improper tuning of these parameters either increases the computational effort or results in local optimal solution. Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) algorithm is used in this work as it does not require any algorithm specific parameters for the evaluation of roundness error. The results obtained are then compared with the results of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm to know the merits and demerits of both the algorithms when used for form measurement.

The NanoMQL technique is used to overcome the limitations of wet grinding due to economic and ecological problems. The performance measure is largely influenced by the process parameters such as table speed, depth of cut, air pressure, coolant flow rate and nanofluid concentration. In this paper, the performance of NanoMQL technique in terms of surface roughness was evaluated for hard and soft EN31 steel. The Experiments were conducted by response surface methodology (RSM) using statistical software to develop regression model of surface roughness and optimization was carried out using Jaya algorithm. The result shows that lowest value of surface roughness was obtained for NanoMQL of hard steel in comparison with soft steel under grinding environ-ments such as wet, MQL and NanoMQL. Hence to improve the performance of soft steel, the modeling and optimization of surface roughness were carried out. The significant parameters were considered for model development and validity of model determined through ANOVA (Analysis of variance). Lastly, the optimal values were determined using Jaya algorithm for minimum surface roughness and the percentage error observed to be close with the experimental test.

WEDM has evolved as a well admired technique for machining of difficult to cut materials such as superalloys. WEDM produces intricate shape and profiles of superalloys by thermoelectric erosion process. But as the process is carried out at very high temperature, the formation of heat affected zone, microcracks, recast layer, porosity etc. resulted in decreased surface integrity of machined specimen and becomes a big problem in WEDM. Discharge energy is the most influencing param-eters that affect the surface integrity of WEDmed samples. In this study, Inconel 825, widely used in aerospace industry for making of combustor casing and turbine blades, was machined with WEDM under different discharge energy. The surface topography of the WEDMed specimen was carried cut by using SEM, XRD and EDX techniques. It was observed from the SEM micrograph that the machined surface includes cracks, pockmarks, craters, and pulled out material. The density and sice of craters increase with increase in discharge energy. Surface crack density of 0.0138 μm/μm2 and recast layer thickness of 34.62μm was obtained for the machined sample at high value of discharge energy while at low value surface crack density of 0.0016 μm/μm2 and recast layer thickness of 20.99μm was observed. EDX and XRD analysis of the specimen showed that an ap-preciable amount of elements viz. Fe (Ferrous), Cr (Chromium), Cu (Copper), Ni (Nickel) are mi-grated to the surface of the workpiece at high value of pulse on time.