The present study aimed to explore the role of organizational DNA in enhancing the strategic balance in commercial banks in Madaba. The strategic balance is represented by organizational culture, human resources, customers and competitors. The researcher developed a thirty-item questionnaire and distributed to 87 employees in the commercial banks in Madaba where 74 forms were retrieved and 4 forms were valid for analysis. Several results were reached. For instance, the organizational DNA level in the targeted banks is high, the strategic balance level in the targeted banks is high. Organizational DNA level has a statistically significant impact (α ≤ 5%) on strategic balance dimensions, i.e., organizational culture, human resources, customers and competitors, jointly and separately in commercial banks in Madaba. The researcher recommends providing more attention to competition by managements of banks and recommends conducting similar studies.

The objective of the study is to investigate the mediating role of the productivity of the banks sector in Jordan based on the relationship between human resources and strategic performance from the point of view of the senior management managers and functional unit managers (human resources, marketing, finance and accounting). Human resources were measured through human resource activities. The population of the current study represented all the commercial banks in Jordan, the total number of which is 26. A survey questionnaire is prepared based on the published literature, and the data are collected from 371 respondents from the targeted banks. The necessary tests to ensure reliability and validity are performed using SPSS. The results indicate that human resources positively affected strategic performance and productivity. The findings also revealed that productivity positively mediated the relationship between human resources and the commercial banks' strategic performance.

Human resource management is the key component for every organization. The empowerment of human resource is a strategic decision which in return affects the organizational productivity. The purpose of the present study is to examine the impact of HR empowerment through information technology, cultural dimensions and organizational knowledge with their impact on Muhammadiyah higher education productivity in Indonesia. To address this objective, a questionnaire was developed as a core instrument to collect primary data from the employees of Muhammadiyah higher education. A final sample of 138 respondents was collected for applying the structural equation modelling (SEM) approach with the factor analyses. Additionally, validity of the questionnaire was observed through three measures; namely Cronbach’s alpha, average variance extracted and composite reliability. Findings through structural equation modelling approach specify that all three dimensions of HR empowerment have shown their positive and significant influences on Muhammadiyah higher education productivity. However, this study is limited by various perspective. First, data is collected from Indonesia through employees of Muhammadiyah higher education only with limited generalizability of the findings. Second, the study has not discussed the combine effects of human resource empowerment on the overall productivity of Muhammadiyah higher education but with individual dimensions like cultural, information technology and knowledge factors. The findings can be meaningful to boost the performance and productivity of higher education while understanding its structural relationship between human resource development.

The term virtual organization is used to describe the organizations that are united with other organizations to benefit from the relative advantages of other organizations. These organizations are established based on different patterns to use information technology for building quick, cheap, and easy communications. Virtual organizations use effective and useful strategies to keep up with the rapid and fundamental changes in the new world. Information Technology (IT) is a facilitator that has made it possible to create virtual organizations. In these organizations, indicators such as the level of collaboration with partners, the rate of the implementation of IT and other issues such as how to work together based on mutual trust, how to choose partners and how to resolve disputes with partners are used to form the virtual teams to help determine the viability of the organizations. The virtual organization, as a fact, is the result of technological advancements and creativity in organizing firms to face with the turbulent environment and features of the post-industrial age. In today's world of business, virtual organizations are trying to benefit from knowledge-based employees, who have high flexibility and significant efficiency to respond to the needs of a turbulent market and to create significant competitive advantage. In order to benefit from such organizations, their managerial issues should be identified and organized in a good manner. This study examines the relationship between the degree of organization's virtualization and the organizational ability (employees). The study designs a questionnaire and distributes it among some experts and, using Pearson correlation test, examines the hypotheses of the survey. The results indicate that there was a significant difference between the degree of virtualization of organization and organizational ability.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is one of the important factors to increase the customer satisfaction. It is part of the economic, legal and moral exercises of a business element guided towards enhancing the business and societal desires. However, companies are facing various issues while adopting CSR practices, particularly Indonesian logistics companies. Challenges in the way of CSR practices affect adversely on customer satisfaction. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to highlight the role of CSR in customer satisfaction among Indonesian logistics firms. In this study, opinions of logistics customers were gathered through survey questionnaires. All the responses were analyzed through structural equation modeling technique. The findings of the study suggest that logistics companies should focus on two CSR practices, 1) environmental contribution and, 2) human resources. Environmental contribution and human resource promote community development which lead towards higher customer satisfaction.

“Iranian general policies of administrative system” is the mediator between the Islamic Republic of Iran vision in 2025 horizon and the practical field for establishing executive policies and laws, which is notified in 26 sections. This research aims to study the effects of television on institutionalization of six items of human resources principles in Iranian general policies of administrative system including human dignity, organizational justice, meritocracy, knowledge-basis, giving services in the deprived regions and honoring the retired. Research society consists of the management pundits familiar with media concepts. According to Grounded Theory and snowball sampling, 32 experts were interviewed and the institutionalization of human resources principles in Iranian general policies of administrative system model by television was extracted. The model discloses there has not been optimal utilization of television capacities for expressing the human resources principles in Iranian general policies of administrative system, but it is possible to use the capacity of television in planning and implementing these general policies. Considering the infrastructure and using appropriate strategies, television as the most influential mass media can be used in the axial issue, that is, the institutionalization of human resources principles in Iranian general policies of administrative system. It is crucial to notice the role of intervening factors in this area.

The dynamics of human resource recruitment and training in an uncertain environment creates a challenge for many policy makers in various organisations. In the presence of fuzzy manpower demand and training capacity, many companies fear losing critical human resources when their employees leave. As such, the development of effective dynamic policies for recruitment and training in a fuzzy dynamic environment is imperative. In this frame of mind, a fuzzy systems dynamics modelling approach is proposed to enable the policy maker to develop reliable dynamic policies relating recruitment, training, and available skills, from a systems perspective. It is anticipated in this study that fuzzy system dynamics and optimization approach would help organizations to design effective manpower policies and strategies.

Human resources development is one of the management functions that are aimed at maximizing the return on the investments. It is a combination of training and education that ensure continual improvement and growth of all stakeholders. The growth witnessed in banking sector of Nigeria has been attributed to many factors among which are the human resources available. The influx of human resources into the banking sector from different disciplines and observed restrictions on employees have necessitated the need for human resources development. Therefore, an attempt is made with this research to investigate the human resources development situation in the sector, with a study of one thousand employees of different commercial banks selected, randomly. Data was collected with a well structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Hypotheses formulated were tested with t-test and the result shows that manpower from different disciplines are employed in Nigerian banking sector, the sectors has absorbed many from labour market, the new entrants are trained at inception, an average employee in commercial bank hardly has time for personal development effort.

Creativity is one of the most important factors to increase the productivity of any organization. There are literally different factors influencing creativity such as physical and non-physical components of a system. There are different studies to confirm that both physical and non-physical issues could impact the efficiency, significantly. The study of this paper considers eleven physical and ten non-physical activities in working environment of six organizations with various business activities of educational, manufacturing and service business. The study summarizes the most and the least important physical and non-physical factors based on some statistical tests