Nowadays, mergers and acquisitions are stated as favorable strategies and as free flows of capital applied by managers for the optimal implementation of resources and assets. Acquisition is associated with a condition where two businesses are placed under one shelter and are run like members of a group or are merged as a single corporate. In mergers, two businesses are combined in a new form based on the mutual interests of both parties. The shares of the two businesses are usually exchanged so that they could take part in the new business as shareholders. In acquisition, a business begins to control another business effectively by purchasing parts of its ownership. The present study explored the impact of acquisition on performance of Iranian target companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. The results of testing research hypotheses showed that performance of target companies did not significantly increase after acquisition, suggesting a decreasing trend in the performance of the target companies after acquisition compared with the period before acquisition.

During the past few months, there has been a steady downside trend on oil price. From summer, 2015 to winter, 2016, the oil price has declined to the $20 range. Its rate of decline is amazing, having lost $10, one third of its value, in just one month. This paper presents a survey on recently published studies on relationship between oil price and stock market. The study covers several studies on the effects of oil price on China, India, Lebanon, United States and some other G7 stock markets. We also review the effects of oil price volatility on stock market. The results of most studies have indicated some strong relationships between oil price volatility and stock market return.

The companies in present challenging world are trying hard to improve their productivity and capacity utilization levels without actually increasing the sale price of their products. In India, in today combative world, the majority of automotive manufacturing industries are scuffling hard with their low levels of productivity. Possibly there are different reasons for this and capacity waste or under-utilization of productive capacity in industries appears to be one of the prime reasons. As corrective action, the present study makes an effort to check the efficacy of Six Sigma approach to improve capacity waste management. With a case study, through successful execution of Define phase, the study confirms the perception of Six Sigma for capacity waste management in Indian automotive industry.

This research paper is an attempt to examine the Bilateral Trade and Economic Growth between China and India, it also gives attention to draw outcome of trade, economic cooperation in future. They are the fastest growing economies in Asia as well as in the world. Both economies are classified by many international agencies as emerging markets with prospective for rapid economy growth. They play an increasingly dominant role in world economy affair. Especially, this paper investigates the major trends and changes in the Import- Export, Terms of Trade (TOT), Total Trade, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and Trade Openness. By applying various statistical techniques, the results reveal that China has leading trading partner with India and across the world. The findings are also used to draw policy implications for future trade and economic co-operation between two Asian developing economics. The results clearly showed the supremacy of China over India, but India also elucidates the sign of prominent growing economies in the world.

There is an emergent need for corporates to incorporate environment friendly practices into supply chain management. Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices are the processes, which reduce the environment hazards from the supply chain. These practices help industries provide the competitive advantage from their core competitors by reducing environmental hazards. The literature gives an idea about a number of evidences of green supply-chain management practices, which are not developed. The study discusses the rules and the regulations made by the environmental authorities to meet social and environmental concerns to help in both developments of economies as well as business units suffering from insufficient GSCM practices. This research helps academicians, practitioners and researchers in incorporating and understanding GSCM practices in a broad manner. The research on the GSCM practices is at a very nascent stage in Indian manufacturing environment despite the fact that sustainability is the foremost worry of Indian industries. Using the rich literature, an attempt is made to bring out the need for GSCM practices and environmental sustainability of organizations. Finally, the findings and interpretations are summarized, and the main research issues and opportunities are highlighted.

Historically, cash dividends are the most important form of payout policy; however, they have been losing popularity relative to share repurchases. This paper examines the signaling effect of the payout decisions namely, cash dividends and share repurchases by BSE 500 index companies. It attempts to uncover the underlying forces behind the firm’s choices of payout policy in the Indian context. Using the standard ‘Event Standard Methodology’, a strong case of positive signaling is reported in case of repurchase announcements vis-a-vis cash dividend announcements. It is observed that cash dividends are not perceived by investors as positive signals as they prefer their earnings to be retained by the companies for growth prospects. In case of share repurchases, the existence of undervaluation, signaling and wealth transfer hypotheses is reported, consistent with the fact the share repurchases are welcomed by the Indian companies. The results would provide insights into the economics of the choice between cash dividends versus share repurchases as payout mechanism adopted by the sample companies. The findings would also be useful to the academia as well as industry in understanding the payout practice and the extent to which the Indian managers use the assumptions, models and decision rules regarding payout.

This study investigates the quantitative relationship between knowledge based view (i.e. empowering employees, promoting confidence, coding rules) and sustainability competitive advantage (i.e. market, customer, financial) within the banking industry of Iran. A valid research instrument was utilized to conduct a survey of 150 top- and middle-level managers from Mellat bank of Iran. With a response rate of 81.3 percent, 122 questionnaires are returned; the number of valid and usable questionnaires was 101. In order to determine validity of questionnaire, the content validity was used and Cronbach's alpha was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire (KBV questionnaire 0.886, SCA questionnaire 0.843). Utilizing the structural equation modeling, and after a series of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, it was found that KBV had the greatest effect on the market centered SCA, while it had the least influence on the customer centered.

Nowadays, customer is believed to be the most precious asset for any organization and building a long term relationship between firms and customers plays essential role for the success of organizations. This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the relationship between after-sales service quality and customer satisfaction in a firm named Setareh Nik Aria Yadak whose primary responsibility is to provide after-sales services for public transportation. The study selects a sample of 252 out of 730 customers in 2015 who received their services from this firm. The survey designs a questionnaire in Likert scale, which consists of four items of quality, responsiveness, speed and cost of services. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.79, which validates the quality of the survey. Using Spearman correlation test, the study has detected a positive and meaningful relationships between four components of after-sales services and customer satisfaction.

During the past few years, many people have used point of sales for purchasing goods and services. Point of sales tends to provide a reliable method for making purchases in stores. Implementation of point of sales may reduce depreciation cost of automated telling machines and helps banks increase their productivities. Therefore, for bank managers, it is important to provide high quality services. This paper presents an empirical investigation to measure quality service using SERVQUAL scale. The study first extracts six factors including Trust, Responsiveness, Reliability, Empathy, Tangibles and getting insight for future development through the implementation of structural equation modeling. Next, it has implemented structural equation modeling and realizes that all components had positive impacts on customer satisfaction.

During the past few years, many people have been interested in purchasing goods and services via point of sales (POS). They have also wished to pay their bills, withdraw cash or transfer funds using automated telling machines (ATMs). These two facilities help banks’ customers carry less amount of cash and do their daily banking activities any time even when the banks are closed. This paper presents an empirical investigation to measure the relative efficiency of nearly 600 POS and ATM units associated with Bank Melli Iran located in city of Tehran, Iran. Using data envelopment analysis, the study has disclosed that only small portions of POS and ATM are working efficiently.