In the present world stiffeners are widely used to fulfill the requirement of high stiffness. Stiffened plates are used in most of the mechanical structures. In this paper free vibration analysis of eccentric and concentric stiffened isotropic plate with central stiffener and double stiffener has been studied and effect of various parameters such as boundary conditions, aspect ratio on non-dimensional frequency parameter of plate are investigated. Comparison of non-dimensional frequency parameter for eccentric and concentric isotropic stiffened plate with effect of number of stiffener at different mode shapes, aspect ratios and boundary conditions is studied using ANSYS parametric design language (APDL) code. A ten nodded element (SOLID 187) from ANSYS element library is used for the discretization of proposed stiffened isotropic plate. Convergence study of developed model with respect to the number of modes has been done and results are compared from the related available published literature. Non dimensional frequencies are higher for fully clamped boundary condition for eccentric and concentric stiffened isotropic plate in comparison to other boundary condition. It is also seen that non dimensional frequencies are increases in a moderate value for eccentric and concentric isotopic plate with double stiffener in comparison to the central stiffener.

The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of crumb rubber and Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene (SBS) on rutting potential of porous asphalt mixtures. Optimal binder content of control mix, 5% SBS, and mixtures containing 10%, 15%, and 20% of crumb rubber were determined using Cantabro Loss test. Dynamic creep, wheel tracking, draindown, and falling-head permeability tests were then carried out on specimens to examine rutting resistance, resistant to draindown, and permeability. SBS modified and 10% rubberized asphalt satisfied all the requirements of porous asphalt design criteria. They also have similar rutting performance, permeability. Except for rutting performance, 10% rubberized asphalt has the best performance. Instead, asphalt mixture containing 20% crumb rubber was the most mixture against rutting resistance.

One of the specimens to investigate the mode-I fracture toughness of rock and geo-materials is semi-circular bend (SCB) specimen. In general, initial cracks in rock test specimens are produced in two shapes: straight-edge cracks and chevron notches. The ISRM suggested SCB specimen has straight shaped notch. However, use of V-shaped (or chevron) notch in the SCB specimen is preferred because of some technical difficulties associated with making a sharp crack or creating pre-crack to conduct the experimental tests. In this paper, the minimum dimensionless stress intensity factor of cracked chevron notched semi-circular bend (CCNSCB) specimen is determined using finite element analysis with ABAQUS software. An analytical method, (i.e. Bluhm’s slice synthesis method) is used to verify the results. It is shown that a good agreement exists between the numerical data and theoretical results.

This paper presents a numerical analysis of free vibration of thin circular and annular plate using finite element method. The first five natural frequencies are presented for uniform annular plates of various inner-to-outer radius ratios, with nine possible combinations of free, clamped and simply supported boundary conditions at the inner and outer edges of plates. The accuracy of the method is established by comparing the results available in the literature. Results show that natural frequency parameter increases as the inner-to-outer radius ratio increases except in case of free boundary condition, for which it decreases with the inner-to-outer radius ratio. This result provides benchmark values that can be used to validate result obtained by other approximate approaches such as finite difference method, differential quadrature method and boundary element method.

Force measurement is very vital in various scientific applications and its precise measurement is very necessary for reliability of the measurement process. There are several types of simple shaped force transducers, which may range from ring shaped force transducers to cantilever type or beam type force transducers. Ring shaped force transducers are one of most commonly used type of force transducers are developed on the basis of theory of thin rings. Till today, some of the modifications of ring shaped force transducers have been reported, the present investigation discusses the development of elliptical shaped force transducer as a modification of ring shaped force transducers and its preliminary investigation on metrological characterization based on the calibration procedures according to standards ISO 376-2011. The force transducer has been developed for the nominal capacity of 20 kN and strain gauges have been applied over the optimum locations to minimize cross sensitivity. The force transducer is developed exclusively for static force measurement related applications to serve as a link in providing the traceability to the user industries and calibration laboratories or serve as force transfer standard. The force transducer has been evaluated for suitability as a precision force transducer with the help of the 50 kN Dead Weight force machine traceable to national standard of force. The elliptical shape force transducers are found to have comparable metrological characteristics as compared to other ring shape force transducers.

This paper considers the economic order quantity (EOQ) model over a finite horizon, in which demand rate follows a two-parameter Weibull time-dependent, shortages are allowed and completely backlogged. Mathematical formulations are derived under two different circumstances i.e. case I: The permissible delay is less than or equal time to finish positive inventory for settling the account, and case II: The permissible delay period is greater than time to finish positive inventory for settling the account. Based on the optimal solutions some important results are derived and numerical examples are provided to validate the proposed model. Finally, sensitivity analysis is provided to analyze the effect of changes with the variation in one parameter at a time on the optimal solution.

In this paper, an exploration investigation is presented to determine entrepreneurial marketing factors influencing on small and medium enterprises (SMEs), which are active in Iranian food industry. The study designs a questionnaire consists of 27 questions in Likert scale and distributes it among 249 experts who were involved in in food industry. KMO Bartlett test Sphericity and Cronbach alpha are 0.811 and 0.892, respectively. Using structural equation modeling, the study has determined five factors including innovative approach, flexible marketing, customer, product strategy and resources, which are influencing the most on entrepreneurial marketing factors.

In this paper, a supply chain inventory model is developed in inflationary environment by incorporating some realistic features such as ramp type demand, deterioration, partial backlogging, inflation, and trade credit. Here, rate of deterioration is linear and partial backlogging rate is variable and dependent on the waiting time for the next replenishment. Depending on the trade credit period, three different situations arise. For each model the optimal replenishment policy is determined. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the proposed inventory model and sensitivity analyses of optimal solutions are given for each case of trapezoidal demand function.

Green supply chain is a new concept in recent literature. The purpose of the study is to identify the importance of different factors related to green practice, performance and pressure during manufacturing in Indian manufacturing industries. The approach of this research includes in depth literature review, experts interviews and questionnaire surveys. The questionnaires are developed and data are collected through mail and two rounds of data collection were carried out to obtain more reliable responses. The major activities of the green supply chain; namely internal environmental management system, green packaging, green purchasing, eco designing, cooperation with customers, internal recovery, environmental, positive economic, negative economic, regulatory, competition are covered throughout the research. Factor analysis is performed using IBM SPSS 21 statistical software to understand the importance of green supply chain. Factor analysis is used to obtain the relative importance of various factors of green practice, green performance, and pressure. The collected data are analyzed by applying “mean score” method and the graphs are designed in SPSS software to compare the different factors.