The study aimed to explore the relationship between corporate governance (i.e., tasks and responsibilities of the Board of Directors, disclosure and transparency, shareholders’ rights and fair treatment of shareholders, and audit and internal control) and bank performance. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed to a sample consisting of managers of commercial banks in the northern region in Jordan. The study found a significant and positive relationship between corporate governance and bank performance. Particularly, the study pointed out two principles (i.e., tasks and responsibilities of the Board of Directors, and audit and internal control) were positively related to bank performance, while there were no significant relationships between the other two principles (i.e., disclosure and transparency as well as shareholders’ rights and fair treatment of shareholders). It was concluded that corporate governance is very critical for enhancing bank performance. Additionally, commercial banks should pay more attention to all principles of corporate governance.

This paper examines the potential determinants associated with a firm’s decision to use a corporate website. The probability of web-based corporate reporting adoption was measured by using a dichotomous variable, where one is given if the firm has a website and zero otherwise. Based on a sample of 1217 US listed firms, it was found that 950 firms have a website and 267 do not. Those firms with a website are larger, more profitable and have a larger board size with more female directors when compared with firms without websites. In addition, the results of the regression analysis revealed that firm size, profitability, leverage, board size and the percentage of female directors in the boardroom have a significant positive impact on the probability of a firm having a website. However, firm age has a significant negative impact on the probability of web-based corporate reporting adoption. A weakness in the previous literature has been the neglect of firms without an online presence, which implies a potential selection bias. Consequently, this research contributes to the international accounting literature by expanding our understanding in relation to the probability of firms adopting web-based corporate reporting and the economic consequences of them doing so through reducing asymmetric information, which acts as an incentive to encourage investment.

The COVID-19 outbreak has affected the entire global financial market in an unprecedented way. Due to disruptions in the global market, the Jordanian financial market also responded to the pandemic and observed sudden volatility. The outbreak of the virus has led the management of the Jordanian market (Amman Securities Exchange / ASE) to halt trading on the secondary market during the period 17 March 2020 – 9 May 2020. Hence, using daily closing prices of listed firms, this paper empirically examines the market’s liquidity cost before its closure (2 January 2020 – 16 March 2020) and after (10 May 2020 – 31 December 2020). The premise of this objective rests on the fact that the trading activity on the secondary market, following the resumption of trading is carried- out within uncertain circumstances. The data used in this study comes from the daily trading reports published by ASE. All listed companies are included in the analysis. Based on the daily closing bid and ask prices, we calculate the daily spreads during two sub-periods (2 January 2020 – 16 March 2020 and 10 May 2020 - 31 December 2020). We then regress the daily spreads on daily stock prices, number of daily contracts, risk, and where the companies list their shares (first or second market). The main findings of this paper are threefold. First, liquidity cost in the ASE is relatively high. Second, following the resumption of trading on the secondary market, liquidity cost has increased. Third, other known determinants of liquidity cost are significant and have the expected coefficient signs. The fact that liquidity cost in the ASE is high, and higher even after the resumption of trading, necessitates some clear policy measures. These include a reduction in the currently used minimum tick.

The present study empirically investigates the long-run nonlinear relationship between the shadow economy and financial development targeting developing small open countries, such as Jordan. The study applied the cointegration test as an estimation technique in order to achieve its aim. The data used were mainly taken from Jordanian economy during the period (1990-2019). According to the test of Johanson cointegration, the empirical results of this study showed evidence of a long run inverted U-shaped relationship between the shadow economy and financial development. The results also showed that there is a long run positive relationship between inflation and the shadow economy. Consequently, these results lead to a profound implication when adopting policies to reduce the size of the shadow economy.

The present study aimed at investigating the impact of liquidity management on profitability in the industrial companies listed on Amman Stock Exchange. Data was obtained from the financial statements of several industrial companies that were listed on Amman Stock Exchange during the period (2010-2018). The data was analyzed through using the SPSS program. The researcher analyzed several financial statements to collect data about liquidity and profitability. It was found that liquidity management affects profitability in the targeted companies.

This study aims to investigate the role of applying artificial intelligence in limiting cybercrime in the 13 Jordanian commercial banks listed in the Amman Financial Market, from the point of view of internal auditors and IT. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed and distributed to the study sample of (849). The number of respondents to the questionnaire reached (230). The data of the questionnaire were analyzed, and their hypotheses were tested using the statistical program (SPSS) through tests of the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, linear, multiple regression, and the T-test for two independent samples. The study found a statistically significant effect for artificial intelligence with its dimensions (Expert Systems, Artificial Neural Network, Genetic Algorithm, Fuzzy logic) in limiting cybercrime in Jordanian commercial banks. It was also found that there were statistically significant differences in both genetic algorithm and cybercrime attributable to the job variable in favor of IT department employees.

This study aimed to examine the effect of applying extensible business reporting language on the performance of the internal audit. A questionnaire was used to collect the data from 115 of the top managers of firms and internal auditors. Multiple regression methods were employed through SPSS software to test the hypotheses. The results of the study show that the external entity pressure, ease of use of the system, and cost-benefit overload positively and significantly affect the performance of the internal audit. While adapting to previous systems, training their employees, and the successful implementation of the model did not affect the performance of the internal audit.

This study aimed to examine the determinants of lending interest rates of 13 Jordanian commercial banks listed on the Amman Stock Exchange for the period 2011-2018. The factors include liquidity, profitability (ROA), bank size, operating cost ratio, deposit interest rate and inflation rate. The fixed effects model was performed as suggested by Hausman test. The results of the fixed effects model show that ROA and bank size had negative significant impacts on lending interest rates. Liquidity had a negative insignificant impact. The results also show that deposit interest rate and inflation had a positive significant impact on lending interest rate of Jordanian commercial banks. Operating cost ratio also had a positive insignificant impact. Thus, the results indicate that ROA, bank size, deposit interest rate and inflation were good determinants of the lending interest rates of Jordanian listed commercial banks. The study suggests that banks should use profitability and the size of the bank as tools to reduce the lending interest rate, as it is one of the factors that can cause a further decrease in the lending interest rates.

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems have significantly changed the audit process; nevertheless, the AI revolution opponents view this growth as a step-back as many auditors will fail to adapt to this new environment and will drop behind. Our descriptive study examines the perceived ease of use, usefulness, and contribution to the audit quality of different AI’s types. To address local audit firms concerns about their readiness to use AI systems in auditing processes and to advance auditing research, we examine whether perceived ease of use, usefulness, and contribution to audit quality vary by AI systems type (Assisted, Augmented, and Autonomous). An online questionnaire was used to collect data from 124 auditors representing local audit firms in Jordan. Our results indicate that auditors perceive Assisted and Augmented AI systems as ease of use in auditing while perceiving Autonomous AI systems as complicated to use. Besides, Auditors are underestimating Autonomous AI systems’ capabilities and perceived it as not useful for auditing. The results also reveal a significant difference between the perceived contribution to audit quality by the three AI systems types. This study contributes to the existing literature on AI and auditing by developing and testing a measure for AI systems’ perceived contribution to audit quality. This study also provides empirical evidence on how Jordan local firms auditors perceive AI use in auditing.

This paper was conducted to determine the importance of applying the features of responsibility accounting in Jordanian shareholding companies in limiting occupational fraud from the point of view of internal auditors and external auditors. It focuses on comparing their opinions and attitudes towards this issue. The study used a questionnaire that was designed and distributed to a random sample of 98 internal auditors who were shareholders of the firms and 93 external auditors who audited the accounts of the companies. The data collection tool included paragraphs about the seven features of responsibility accounting represented like dividing the organizational structure of the company into responsibility centers, and the existence of a system of delegation to the managers of responsibility centers with their powers in the shareholding. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the SPSS statistical package. It was found that there is a role to adopt and apply all the features of responsibility accounting in Jordanian shareholding companies from the point of view of both internal and external auditors in limiting occupational fraud. The study recommended the adoption of an accounting system in companies that are in line with responsibility accounting given their role in limiting occupational fraud. The study also sheds light on the importance of external auditors giving attention to reviewing and evaluating the organizational environment and administrative procedures in the company to ensure that they are consistent with integrity and honesty.