The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted organizational processes and activities. Unlike previous pandemics, COVID-19 has affected everyone directly or indirectly. To protect employees from the virus and associated risks, organizations have focused on developing occupational health and safety management systems. While safety policies and practices were already in place before the pandemic, the emergence of new physical and psychological risks has led organizations to amend their safety and health management systems. Governments have introduced health containment measures such as social distancing, working in shifts, and mandatory quarantine to enhance safety for people worldwide. Employers have also introduced safety measures to build confidence in implementation. These safety management practices have influenced employees' behaviors during the pandemic, and this study aims to examine their impact. Specifically, the study aims to determine the impact of management practices on the behavior of healthcare employees regarding their safety in a threatening environment. Additionally, the study seeks to investigate the indirect influence of management practices on employees' behavior through perceived risks and efficacy. It is important to note that there has been a lack of research on the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers in Saudi Arabia. This study found that management commitment did not directly influence employee safety behavior. However, management commitment towards workplace safety practices had a significant and direct influence on healthcare employees' perceived risk associated with COVID-19 and their efficacy. Consequently, management commitment was found to indirectly influence employee safety behavior through efficacy.

The objective of this research is to comprehend how these elements interact to influence young people's subjective happiness and to provide insightful information about their perspectives. Significant discoveries are shown by the study's findings. This research paper conducts a thorough analysis of the many factors that affect youth happiness, including GDP, loneliness, longevity, autonomy, generosity, and corruption. First off, GDP shows up as a significant and noticeably positive factor to young happiness. This emphasizes how crucial economic success is in raising young people's life happiness. Second, autonomy is recognized as another important factor, showing a significant and favorable influence on happiness. It emphasizes how important one's own independence and life control are for young wellbeing. Additionally, the study uncovers a diverse range of impacts among these indicators. Longevity and Generosity are found to positively influence happiness, emphasizing the role of health and social support in young people's contentment. Conversely, Loneliness and Corruption exhibit significant negative effects on happiness, underscoring the detrimental consequences of social isolation and institutional corruption on youth well-being. In conclusion, this research paper offers a holistic view of youth happiness, recognizing the multifaceted nature of its determinants. These findings have important implications for policymakers, highlighting the need to address not only economic aspects but also personal autonomy, social connectedness, and integrity in efforts to promote youth happiness and well-being in society.