Construction projects more often are facing with unpredictable delays and it is one of the biggest challenges to mitigate such delays. The aim of the present study is to explore causes and effects of delays on construction projects executed in Pakistan. Empirical methodology is used and the data is collected from 37 construction companies and questionnaires are distributed to 172 professionals. Various statistical tools are applied such as multiple regression to analyze the data. The finding of this analysis show that significant causes of delay factors are associated and ordered as contractor, client, consultant, material and equipment respectively; however, there is not any effect of delay on factors such as, labor and general environment. Finally, it is analyzed that construction projects delay lead considerably to project time overrun, cost overrun, project abandonment, and litigation. All these factors can bring projects on great risk. The analysis of the study gave considerable under-standings to stakeholders of construction projects in order to formulate strategies to overcome delay and their impacts.

The phenomenon of the bullwhip effect (BWE) has become a pressing concern in contemporary supply chain management. Every echelon of the supply chain faces the negative consequences of BWE somehow. So, it is crucial to determine the reasons responsible for the BWE to mitigate the consequences. The boutique industry in Bangladesh is a rapidly growing industrial sector. In this study, we focused on finding the reasons and consequences of the bullwhip effect on the boutique industry in Dhaka city. The main targets of this study are to examine the underlying reasons for the BWE, identify the most significant causes from the perspective of Dhaka city, and determine the major consequences of the bullwhip effect. Studies of previous literature and consultation with experts have identified sixteen common causes behind the bullwhip effect. This study uses a survey-based method; respondents are chosen through clustered sampling. Necessary data have been collected with a semi-organized inquiry form. Among all the 16 causes, six causes are found to be the most significant causes from the perspective of retailers and wholesalers. SPSS Version 26 has been used for statistical analysis to make the final decision. We also found ten consequences commonly faced by these two echelons of the boutiques' supply chain because of the bullwhip effect. These are high inventory costs, workforce wastages and higher labor costs, higher replenishment lead-time, higher transportation costs, tension in the buyer-supplier relationship, product unavailability, loss of profit, poor customer service, etc.