This paper aims to examine the mediating effect of attitude toward the continued application of e-tax in the association between perceived usefulness, ease of use, compatibility, and intention to continue applying e-tax based on empirical evidence from Vietnamese tax officials. Thereby, the research model is proposed and the hypotheses are developed on the basis of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). This study applies a quantitative analysis with a research sample of 343 tax officials from tax authorities at all levels within Vietnam. This study applies stratified and convenient sampling techniques. Structural equation modeling with AMOS was used to test the hypothesized relationships. The results revealed that among perceived usefulness, ease of use, and compatibility only perceived usefulness has a direct impact and positive relationship to the intention to continue applying e-tax and the attitude toward the continued application of e-tax also has a direct impact and positive relationship to the intention to continue applying e-tax. Especially, the results prove the mediating effects of attitude toward the continued application of e-tax on the relationships towards the intention to continue applying e-tax. This study contributes to both the literature and practice. The limitations and future research implications are discussed.

This paper investigates how customs officials perceive the implementation of e-customs will influence business performance in Vietnam, a developing country with a lower technological environment. A survey of customs officials was conducted, and data were analyzed by structural equation modelling. The outcomes discover two significant enablers related to relative advantages and the new exploring factor Culture while Finance & Human Resources and Legislation as the inhibitors. Additionally, the study also emphasized that e-customs implementation had a positive influence on firm performance in Vietnam. In addition, the study provides different viewpoints of cultural dimensions in case study of applying e-customs in Vietnam in comparison with previous studies. Culture with attributions related to uncertain acceptance and individualism encourage innovation in other literature reviews, however, the study indicates uncertainty avoidance and collectivism as Vietnam also promotes e-customs deployment. Vietnam with high power distance and short-term orientation became old themes. This emerging country switched to low distance and long-term orientation in terms of e-customs innovation. In contrast to previous studies related to constraints from technology in emerging economies, technological factors are not an obstacle for Vietnam. Furthermore, previous literature reviews inflected legislation and regulations of government as one of the limitations that should be examined in further and this research carried-out this investigation in one of emerging economies. The results of the paper support policy makers who can have essential solutions to enhance e-customs implementation as well as enterprises’ managers set-up strategy to adapt with the modernization environment.