This research is conducted to review the current national policies updated basic education for the ethnic minorities and the status of basic education provided to the ethnic minorities in Vietnam, to evaluate the impact of basic education on education quality provided to ethnic minorities; and to discuss the future policy directions of Vietnam to ensure basic education for the ethnic minorities. The primary methods employed were systematic review of literature, emic knowledge and quantitative method. The results show that ensuring basic education for ethnic minorities is a meaningful and practical activity. It plays an important role in improving the quality of ethnic minority education in Vietnam today as well. Through the investigation of the research topic, we point some limitations of ensuring basic education and solutions to overcome those in the coming time.