This study investigates the impact of earnings management on firms’ financial performance by distinguishing between accounting-based performance and market-based valuation, thereby shedding light on whether managed earnings reflect real economic improvements or merely influence reported outcomes in an emerging market context. Using an unbalanced panel of 474 non-financial listed firms in Vietnam over the period 2017–2023, the study employs Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) and System Generalized Method of Moments (SGMM) estimators. These approaches are particularly suitable for addressing endogeneity, unobserved heterogeneity, and dynamic relationships inherent in earnings management research under a “large N, small T” panel structure. The results reveal that earnings management has a positive and statistically significant effect on accounting-based financial performance (ROA), while its impact on market-based performance (Tobin’s Q) is statistically insignificant. This divergence suggests that managed earnings tend to enhance reported operating performance without being fully capitalized by the market, reflecting persistent information asymmetry and limited market efficiency in the Vietnamese context. The study focuses on accrual-based earnings management and a single emerging market, which may limit generalizability. Future research may incorporate real earnings management measures and cross-country comparisons to strengthen external validity. By simultaneously applying advanced instrumental-variable and dynamic panel techniques, this study provides robust causal evidence on the asymmetric effects of earnings management on accounting versus market performance, contributing to the literature on earnings quality in emerging economies.

While busy boards have been widely studied in corporate governance, research on this topic in Vietnam is lacking. In the real estate sector, where high leverage and regulatory challenges per-sist, busy boards may impact earnings management (EM). This study explores their influence on EM in listed Vietnamese real estate firms, contributing to corporate governance insights. This research aims to investigate the presence of busy boards and Board of Directors (BOD) character-istics on EM behavior. This research employs the OLS, FEM, REM and Generalized Least Squares (GLS) regression model to analysis. Analysis results show that the number of busy boards has a positive impact on EM behavior. The results of this study extend the composite measure of BOD in Vietnam by adding a new factor, which has not been included in previous studies, namely busy boards. Thereby, it helps to improve corporate governance in controlling the "performance results" of the board of directors. Busy boards influence positively EM and oth-er factors: board size, board independence, board expertise, female on board negatively affect EM. The findings of this study demonstrate a relationship between busy boards and EM, subsequently affecting the quality of financial statements. Therefore, the policy makers are recommended to consider comprehensive reviews and possibly "legislate" the advantages of diversity within corpo-rate boards during the drafting, amending, and supplementing of corporate governance regula-tions and rules in Vietnam.

The Central Coast of Vietnam, spanning from Thanh Hoa province to Binh Thuan province, holds a highly significant political and economic position, with the marine economy making substantial contributions to the existence and development of the region. This study aims to identify the factors influencing marine economic development (MED), evaluate the extent of influence of each factor, and determine whether security and coastal defense (SCD) plays an intermediary role in the development of the marine economy in the Central Coast provinces of Vietnam. The research conducted a typical survey of 268 fishermen engaged in marine economic activities, including aquaculture and the exploitation of aquatic resources, across the coastal provinces of the Central Coast of Vietnam. The collected data was analyzed using the structural equation modeling method through PLS-SEM software. The results of the study indicate that six factors have a direct and positive impact on MED. These factors, ranked by decreasing levels of influence, are: SCD (β = 0.412), Policy and Management (PM) (β = 0.329), Human Resources (HR) and Marine Infrastructure (MI) (both β = 0.268), Marine Resources (MR) (β = 0.204), and the lowest, Technology and Protection of Marine Environment (TPME) (β = 0.152). Additionally, the findings reveal that the three factors are HR, PM, and MI positively influence the SCD variable, with the levels of influence ranked as follows: HR (β = 0.272), PM (β = 0.224), and MI (β = 0.166). Moreover, at a significance level of 5%, all independent variables (HR, PM, and MI) exhibit statistically significant indirect relationships with MED through the SCD variable, confirming that SCD serves as an intermediary in the relationship with MED. Based on these findings, the study proposes managerial implications to support the development of the marine economy in the Central Coast provinces of Vietnam.

Nowadays, The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) have been adopted in more than 160 countries. In fact, most ASEAN countries have adopted IFRS. The studies have noted the benefits of applying IFRS such as: Improving the quality of information on financial statements; Attract capital and enhance business cooperation opportunities, increase competitiveness, international integration in the world market; improve business performance, improve management and information quality; reflecting more reasonable business value; helping countries save cost of drafting, quickly integrate into international accounting standards; improve the quality of human resources in the field of auditing and financial accounting. Vietnam is a member of ASEM, APEC, WTO, AEC, etc. but the country is one of the few countries that has not yet announced an official roadmap for IFRS adoption. So IFRS adoption is necessary to proactively integrate more deeply into the regional and world economy. The Ministry of Finance of Vietnam has planned to adopt IFRS for listed firms, foreign-invested enterprises, public enterprises from 2022. In fact, some firms in Vietnam have voluntarily adopted IFRS as required during the operation process with related parties. This paper aims to identify factors that affect the adopting IFRS in Vietnamese listed firms. The authors used mixed research method by logistic regression model. Data was collected from 154 audited financial statements in 2018. The results show that some financial ratios such as return on equities (ROE) affect to IFRS adoption in listed firms of Vietnam. Therefore, if Vietnamese listed firms need to adopt IFRS effectively in the future, the Ministry of Finance should issue regulations for mandatory IFRS adoption to large firms with high rates of profitable on equity, promoting quality of auditing companies and audit program that are based on IFRS standards.

As operating the business in the economy, all enterprises are interested in the business efficiency. Business efficiency is not only a measure of organizational performance and business management but also it is a vital issue for businesses operations. That is why defining the factors affecting business performance in enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises accounted for more than 80 percentage of the enterprises in Vietnam plays a very important role in helping business managers find solutions to improve the business efficiency. This paper is conducted to determine the factors affecting the business performance of these groups of businesses from the perspective of business managers and the business. This study is based on a survey from 100 business managers and 400 small and medium enterprises in Vietnam. Through the EFA analysis tool, we found some similarities in terms of the groups of factors affecting the business performance in small and medium enterprises in Vietnam between the perspective of business managers and perspective of the enterprises. Both the surveyed groups defined that there were three factor groups influencing the business efficiency: (1) group of institutional, policy and infrastructure factors, (2) group of factors associated with enterprises and (3) group of factors related to the environment outside the enterprise.

nder the impact of the global crisis, the Vietnam real estate exchange has become degraded and frozen for a long time. The solvency is decreased, leading to a high risk of bankruptcy of real estate companies. Therefore, determining the factors reflecting solvency in real estate companies helps to give synchronous solutions, to improve performance efficiency, to prevent and to mitigate bankruptcy risk in the real estate companies listed on Vietnam’s stock exchange. Research data were collected from 45 out of 55 real estate companies listed on Vietnam’s stock exchanges (accounting for 81.82% of the sample) with 360 observations. The study proposes a logit model showing the relationship between solvency and bankruptcy risk and conducts analysis and verification on SPSS dedicated software (version 25) to find out the variables affecting bankruptcy risk. The results show that (with a prediction accuracy of 91.4%) in these companies, indicators of solvency influencing bankruptcy risk include: (1) Operating cash flows to average total liabilities ratio and (2) Net working capital to total assets ratio. The impact of the remaining factors (a) Owner’s equity to long-term debt and (b) Current assets to current liabilities was unclear. Based on the research results, specific recommendations and solutions were proposed to improve solvency, prevent and mitigate bankruptcy risk in the real estate companies listed on Vietnam’s stock exchange.

The profitability of tourism industry is affected by several factors due to the specificity of tourism business activities such as the season, resources, geographic position, state and local policy, etc. Therefore, determining the groups of factors that affect the profitability and profitability ratios in tourism business activities helps to give synchronous solutions to improve the efficiency of tourism business. This study is based on a survey on the factors affecting the profitability through the questionnaires and interviews of 115 tourist enterprises in BinhDinh, Vietnam. The study conducts Cronbach’s Alpha and EFA analysis to determine groups of influencing factors and building regression functions of factors affecting the profitability ratios in tourist enterprises in BinhDinh province, Vietnam. Based on the EFA analysis results, the study has found two main types of fac-tors affecting the profitability of enterprises; namely within and outside the firms. The group of fac-tors within the enterprise includes 3 small groups; namely financial capacity; Enterprise human re-sources and Enterprise leadership. The external factors include 4 small groups including tourism business market; travel space and support services; political institutions; infrastructure and tourism security. The effects of these factors on financial figures are also represented in regression form.

Responsibility accounting provides not only financial and non-financial information for decentralized managers but also it gives suitable responsibility for other parts or other responsibility centers to understand whether or not they work properly. Completing responsibility accounting in enterprises depends on many internal and external factors. This research uses quantitative research method to analyze the factors affecting the responsibility accounting in livestock food processing enter-prises (LFPE) in Binh Dinh province, Vietnam. The results indicate that various factors affect the responsibility accounting including managerial decentralization, division the organization into responsibility centers, income and cost allocation, estimations, reality and estimation evaluation, reporting, rewarding, etc. Based on those results we offer some intuitive recommendations for firms to increase financial performance.

With the aim of determining the factors affecting the application of IFRS in teaching for universities and colleges with accounting and auditing training, the research was conducted at 30 universities, colleges with accounting and auditing majors, and 208 lecturers who are engaged in teaching accounting and auditing in Vietnam. Next, the study employed the method of regression analysis by PLS_SEM software to process and analyze the collected data. Research results show that eight factors are affecting the application of IFRS in teaching at universities and colleges in Vietnam in the order of influence from high to low, respectively (i) Training program; (ii) Teaching staff; (iii) Regulation on the application of IFRS of the Ministry of Finance; (iv) Request of the related parties; (v) Faculty/Institution administrators; (vi) Teaching aids; (vii) IFRS teaching methods and (viii) Learners (students, trainees). At the same time, the study also shows that the financial capability of the institutions does not affect the application of IFRS in teaching.

Evaluating the socio-economic efficiency of scientific and technological topics/projects after acceptance is very difficult because it is not easy to find common ground on the criteria for evaluating the socio-economic efficiency of topics/ projects of different research fields. Hence, depending on researchers’ views, the evaluation criteria or the weight of evaluating the socio-economic efficiency of each topic/project should be different. This study uses the expert method and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to determine the criteria and to calculate weights for criteria on five scientific fields according to scientific sub-disciplines in Binh Dinh province, including agricultural science, natural science, social sciences and humanities, medical science, engineering and technological sciences. Our research shows that the evaluation of the socio-economic efficiency of the provincial topics/projects should be based on eight aspects, including science, technology, economics, environment, culture - society, information - management, and education. At the same time, the results also identified a set of common criteria for evaluating the socio-economic efficiency of topics/projects and suggested how to calculate points and to rank the effectiveness of topics/projects. However, the weight of the criteria and the composition of each criterion is different.