This study investigates the impact of liquidity on bank profitability. Particularly, bank profitability is measured by return on assets (ROA) while liquid assets to total assets (LATA) and total loans to total deposits (TLTD) are indicators of bank liquidity. A panel data of 26 Vietnamese commercial banks are obtained over the period 2013-2018. The GMM estimation is adopted to test the significant effect of liquidity on profitability of Vietnamese commercial banks. The results reveal that profitability (ROA) was negatively influenced by liquid asset ratio (LATA) and positively correlated to loan-to-deposit ratio (TLTD). Further, bank profitability was also affected by macroeconomic control variables like economic growth (EG) and inflation (INF). The results are not only essential for bank managers but also provide scholars a valuable reference.

The present study aims to determine the effect of a company's life-cycle stage, profitability, institutional ownership, and liquidity on dividend policy as well as the effect of dividend policy on firm value. Data were run through logistic regression analysis and ANNOVA test with total sample data of 31 companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange over the period 2014-2018. With control variables consisting of asset growth, corporate debt, and investment cash flow, it is determined that the growth and maturity life-cycle stages as well as return on assets of a company had positive and significant effects on dividend policy. Companies at growth and maturity stages provided dividends since they attempted to show to shareholders that the company was under good financial and profitable conditions. Corporate debt also had a significant effect on dividend policy where the relationship was inversely proportional, meaning that companies with large debt ratios tend not to provide dividends. Other results show that there was a significant difference between dividend policy and firm value. Companies that provide dividends tend to be overvalued since it leads to increase in the confidence of shareholders to invest.

This article analyzes the impact of macroeconomic and bank-specific factors affecting the profitability of Vietnam banks, which is an emerging economy with the banking industry considered to be young but plays a very important role for the development of the economy. The study data was collected during the period of 2013-2018. The Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) is used to estimate the study model to ensure that the results obtained are of high confidence. The study results show that the bank profitability was positively affected by macroeconomic (such as economic growth and inflation) and bank-specific factors (such as bank capital, bank size, and liquidity risk), which is an interesting finding in Vietnam. The results of this study are important for bank managers and researchers.

This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of Current Ratio (CR), Debt to Assets Ratio (DAR), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return On Equity (ROE) and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) on Profitability (ROA) in the trading, service and investment subsector companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) over the period 2014- 2018. The data used is panel data with 6 companies for 5 years obtained from the Annual Report published on the IDX website. The results of this study indicate that CR and DAR partially negatively affected ROA, and ROE had a positive effect on ROA, while NPM and TATO had no effect on ROA. Overall testing shows that all financial factors had a significant effect and contribute to explain changes in profitability of 89.6 percent.

Banks are the most important tool for preparing and supplying money in each country. In recent years, by institution of the new private banks and privatization of the governmental banks, banking competition has become very complex. This paper performs an empirical investigation to study the effects of different factors on return on assets and return on equities on 18 selected Iranian firms over the period 2002-2011. Using different regression models, the study studies the effects of total assets, debt ratio, etc. on return of assets (ROA) and return on equities (ROE) on selected eighteen Iranian banks as statistical community. The study considers total assets, ownership ratio, deposits to assets ratio, and loans to assets ratio as independent variables, and ROE and ROA as dependent variables. The results indicate that the private banks returns were better than governmental banks and the commercial banks’ returns were better than special banks. There is a reverse relationship between logarithm of total assets and ownership ratio with profitability based on return of assets.

The aim of this paper is to review the effect of corporate diversification on information asymmetry and firm performance. To test the research hypothesis, a sample of 47 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2008-2012 based on panel method was taken. In these models, the presence or absence of effects models (fixed or random) is reviewed and finally the best model is estimated. The results indicate that corporate diversification using entropy influenced on information asymmetry and firm performance. With controlling other variables, the results indicate when ENTROP increases one unit, STDRET increases 0.49 unit but with controlling other variables, the results indicate when ENTROP increases or decreases one unit, ROA does not change.

In this paper, we examine the relationship between inflation rate and profitability ratios in the top 36 companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The study uses historical data over the period 2005-2010 and using linear regression methods examines different hypotheses. The main idea of the proposed hypotheses is that there is a significant relationship between the inflation rate and profitability ratios, and the results confirm the significant relationship between the inflation rate and profitability ratios such as return on assets (ROA) ratio, return on equity (ROE) ratio, gross profit (GPR) as well as net profit ratio (NPR). There is no significant correlation, however, between these two variables in past and future periods.

One of the most complicated and challenging issues in today & apos; s financial managers is the relationship between the components of capital structure in terms of bonds and shares used for financing and share price of their company, and its effects on the macroeconomic variables. This research aims to study the relationship between the capital structure and performance of the production market in some firms listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). In this research, the index of capital structure is debt ratio and that of production market performance is sales growth and return of assets (ROA). The statistical sample of this research includes 128 companies, which have been active in 11 various industries and listed on TSE over the period 2005-2010. The statistical techniques used to test the hypotheses of this research include correlation coefficient and pooled least squares regression (panel data). Based on the results of our survey, there is a strong and significant relationship between debt ratio and return on assets among the companies listed on TSE and most industries especially based metals at the confidence level of 95%. In contrast, there is no strong and significant relationship between debt ratio and sales growth in the above-mentioned companies and in most industries.

The primary objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between tax avoidance, income and cash held in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2013. In this regard, avoidance of paying taxes is independent variables and criteria for evaluating financial performance; namely return on assets, return on average equities, economic value added, market value added, and the ratio of free cash flow are considered as dependent variables. Firm size and financial leverage are also considered as control variables. In general, the statistical method used in this research is correlation and regression. The results of the research showed that there was a significant and reverse relationship between avoidance of paying taxes and performance evaluation criteria, cash held.

This paper presents an empirical investigation to learn the impact of some internal and external factors on profitability in banking system. The proposed model of this paper introduces three econometrics methods to study the behavior of internal, external and a combination of both factors on return on assets. The proposed study of this paper uses Vector Auto- Regressive (VAR) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to provide estimation of the proposed model and we use historical data over the period of 1989-2010. The results of the first model for internal factors, we consider some independent variables including ratio of total revenue on total assets (TR) and ratio of total equities on total assets (TE). The second model considers the effects of external variables on ROA such as growth domestic product (GDP) and market share (MS) and the last model includes a combination of both internal and external factors. The results indicates that there is a positive and meaningful relationship between logarithm of growth domestic product and return on equities, which means as we expect one unit increase in LGDP, there is an increase of 0.012 on ROA. In addition, when the market share increase by one percent, there will be an increase 0.025% increase on ROA and an increase of one percent in the ratio of TR will yield to an increase of one percent in ROA.