Hybrid flowshop scheduling problem (HFSP) is a mixture of two classical scheduling problems as parallel machine scheduling (PMS) and flowshop scheduling (FS). In the HFSP, a series of jobs are processed respectively in a set of stages that at least one of these stages has more than one parallel machine (identical, uniform or unrelated). HFSP is a widespreadly studied subject in the literature and there are various application areas such as transportation, healthcare management, agricultural activities, cloud computing, and the most common manufacturing. Therefore, it will be useful to present a review study including recent papers and developments related to this problem for researchers. For this aim, in this paper, a systematic literature survey has been conducted with respect to HFSPs by means of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology which enables to realize systematic review and meta-analyses in a specified subject. 172 articles which are published in the 2010-2020 year interval, related to production scheduling and including a mathematical programming model to express scheduling problems have been determined as a result of this methodological review process. These articles have been statistically analyzed according to many features such as year, country, journal, number of stages, type of parallel machines, constraints, objective functions, solution methods, test instances and type of parameters. The results of statistical analyses have been presented through charts so as to provide a visual demonstration to researchers. Furthermore, it has been aimed to answer 14 predetermined research questions by means of analyses realized in the scope of this review study. Consequently, it has revealed the existing literature, recent developments and future research suggestions related to HFSP and therefore it is possible to say that this review paper provides a beneficial road map for researchers studying in this field.

This systematic review synthesizes 40 peer-reviewed studies to examine the role of inclusive finance and institutional governance in FinTech adoption in Pakistan's banking sector. While user-centric behavioural models are the dominant narrative in global discourse, this review highlights the underappreciated role of institutional trust, regulatory design, and structural inclusion in the scalability of FinTech ecosystems. The paper identifies four thematic clusters using PRISMA and TCCM frameworks, namely, user-level drivers, governance enablers, financial inclusion mechanisms, and integrated adoption frameworks. Findings suggest that inclusion should be reimagined not just as an objective but also as a prerequisite to digital finance, and quality of governance directly moderates trust and adoption behaviour. The study presents an original conceptual framework that links ecosystem-level conditions and adoption dynamics, highlighting the need for multi-level theoretical approaches that incorporate behavioural, institutional, and infrastructural dimensions. Implications are drawn for policymakers, FinTech innovators, and financial regulators who are looking for inclusive, trusted, and sustainable digital finance solutions in emerging markets.

Global supply chains are navigating ever more volatile and rapidly evolving conditions driven by technological innovation, geopolitical risks, environmental challenges, and changing customer requirements. Hence, conventional methods that focus on efficiency and cost reduction along the supply chain are not enough to stay competitive. In this context, an important strategic capability has emerged – the ability to be flexible, innovative, and adaptable, as well as efficient, standardised, and cost effective: supply chain ambidexterity. Notably, the extant literature on the relationship between SC ambidexterity and organizational performance have been scattered and segmented in various theoretical and operational viewpoints. To sum up previous research published between 2015 and 2025, this study used Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on the PRISMA 2020 framework. A total of 34 peer-reviewed journal articles were included after screening and eligibility process both from Scopus and Web of Science database. The results reveal that supply chain ambidexterity has matured from a trade-off between exploration and exploitation, to a broader dynamic capability that is complemented by digital integration, resilience, analytics capability and organizational learning. Five key themes were found: conceptual foundations, lean–agile integration, digital technology enablement, performance outcomes, and environmental uncertainty. Organizations that are able to effectively blend efficiency with flexibility appear to have experienced an overall positive impact on their operational performance, innovation, responsiveness, resilience, and competitive advantage, according to the studies. Furthermore, some research gaps have been identified during the review, and future research recommendations are provided that could contribute to further research on the link between SC ambidexterity and OR performance.