Additive Manufacturing (AM) is an automated process of fabricating three-dimensional (3D) physical objects from a 3D-CAD data by adding layers of materials one upon another through a print head or nozzle without using any tooling components or machining environments. Due to freedom in design, any complex shape can be produced using this process. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one such AM technology that is commonly used for its simplicity, environment friendliness and low requirement for process monitoring. However, this technology is limited only to small-scale production due to high cost and high build time. The present work focuses on the development of a framework for parametric optimization of the FDM process using multi-objective optimization based on ratio analysis (MOORA). A CAD model of the cam follower mechanism has been prepared in the Solidworks platform and used in this experiment for optimization of build time and cost which have been considered as response variables of the experiment. The experiment has been conducted following the full factorial design of experiment (DoE) method.

Additive manufacturing by direct metal fabrication represents one of the fastest-growing areas in material science and manufacturing. Modern manufacturing demands that parts be engineered to have high strength, be lightweight with complex geometrical details, and be suitable for operation upon completion. A very good example of such engineering-manufacturing involves the design and manufacturing of turbine blades for energy efficiency. On the other hand, topology-optimized lattice structures have huge potential and flexibility available to designers operating in the area of designing lightweight structures and high-strength ones at the same time, in contrast to solid form structures. The key issues involved in the research include designing graded density structures made from different lattice architectures for dense materials by characterization of the thermo-mechanical properties for a number of lattice settings in Gyroid, Diamond, Schwarz, Lidinoid, Split P, and Neovius lattices for varied parameters. This paper questions how appropriately the design structure functions in high-speed-rotating elements, such as turbine blades. The current research work will be aimed at the design, finite element analysis for simulation, and manufacturing through additive manufacturing of the turbine blades, considering several designs and lattice structures that satisfy the requirements of lightweight construction and high strength. A detailed preliminary design study has already been performed with the aim of justifying the idea presented in this paper and to create an initially validated basis. It therefore presents findings from the design of different lattice structures, supported by simulations that explain the potential, extent, and limitations of the proposed paper with regard to its general scope.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is becoming the leading innovation in many fields due to its ease in generating a 3D object by adding one layer of material over the other from a source of Computer Aided Design (CAD) model as input file. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one among the technologies available in AM, which works on material extrusion process for which the material is served in filament shape. The practice of utilizing the resources effectively by meeting the requirements of subsequent generations is internationally referred to as Sustainable Manufacturing (SM). It deals with the issues that impact the economy, society and environment. Green manufacturing approaches like reduce, reuse and recycle theories are linked with 3D Printing. In this paper research has been conducted on the studies of sustainability of the parts produced on FDM for ASTM D638 Type- IV standard tensile test specimen to optimize the process parameters for Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) material by using Design of Experiments (DOE) through Taguchi technique and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The variables considered are print speed, orientation, layer thickness and print temperature and the responses studied are energy consumption, CO2 emission, dimensional accuracy, surface roughness and mechanical properties. The primary aim of this research is to reduce the energy consumption and CO2 emission without compromising mechanical properties, in order to achieve sustainability by finding the optimum values for the input process parameters.

Additive manufacturing has been one of the most used techniques in the recent years because of its capabilities to fabricate complex structures as required by customer and industrial need from a 3D computer-aided design model without the usage of any tooling, dies and heavy machinery makes it a step ahead in the present manufacturing techniques. In the current study the author’s focus on the welding or joining of additive manufactured Polylactic acid (PLA) parts made by Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). There are several techniques for welding these additive manufactured parts. This study mainly focuses on the joining of 3D printed PLA parts using a 3D pen and investigations on its mechanical properties experimentally. It is a very cheap and effective technique when compared to the other welding methods. This could overcome the drawback of small bed size in most 3D printers by joining smaller parts and it can also be used for repairing the defects caused during the 3D printing. Moreover the experimental testing of the mechanical properties also confirmed that the tensile, flexural and impact strength of 3D pen welded specimens retrieved above 70% of the strength to the original PLA specimen proving it to be a very effective method.

The Additive Manufacturing (AM) scheduling problem is becoming a very felt issue not only by the scholars but also by the practitioners who are looking to this new technology as a new integrated part of their traditional production systems. They need new scheduling models to adapt the traditional scheduling rules to the changed ones of the additive manufacturing. This paper deals with the enhancement of a scheduling problem for additive manufacturing just present in literature and the presentation of a new meta-heursitic (adapted to the new requirements of the additive manufacturing technology) based on the tabu-search algorithms.

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a process of joining materials to make objects from 3D model data, usually layer by layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing methodologies. Selective Laser Melting, commercially known as Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS®), is the most diffused additive process in today’s manufacturing industry. Introduction of a DMLS® machine in a production department has remarkable effects not only on industrial design but also on production planning, for example, on machine scheduling. Scheduling for a traditional single machine can employ consolidated models. Scheduling of an AM machine presents new issues because it must consider the capability of producing different geometries, simultaneously. The aim of this paper is to provide a mathematical model for an AM/SLM machine scheduling. The complexity of the model is NP-HARD, so possible solutions must be found by metaheuristic algorithms, e.g., Genetic Algorithms. Genetic Algorithms solve sequential optimization problems by handling vectors; in the present paper, we must modify them to handle a matrix. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms will be tested on a test case formed by a 30 Part Number production plan with a high variability in complexity, distinct due dates and low production volumes.

The paper is concerned with the cost reduction of the elements’ production according to the metal injection molding technology of metal powder mixtures (MIM), using the additive technologies (AT) for the production of the green part. This method allows obtaining high fidelity of the materials both in mass production and in one of a kind, and small-series production because it is not necessary to the production of expensive casting press mold of metal powder mixture on the injection molding machine. In his paper, the author showed the advantages and disadvantages of two AT technologies which directly use materials for MIM technology: the technology of fused filament fabrication (Fused Filament Fabrication – FFF) and the technology of Binder Jet (BJ). The author proposes to reduce costs reduction of manufacturing filament for 3D printing according to the FFF technology of green part using already existing feedstock as the basis. The manufacturing technology of the filament is shown by the example of the feedstock steel 316LW BASF. The specific character of the technology is a limited amount of polyoxymethylene (POM) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is introduced into the standard composition of the feedstock to increase its plasticity. The author presented the results of tensile testing of items manufactured by standard technology and using AT technologies. Some reduction in the strength characteristics of the items with the using AT technologies is primarily due to the printing modes. The optimization of print modes allows obtaining the properties of the items, not inferior items by standard technology.