During the past few years, there have been growing competition among business owners and they mostly have no choice but to decrease their prices in an attempt to survive on the market. In some cases, suppliers offer goods and services for less than the cost of production to gain more market share. In this paper, we study different factors influencing pricing strategy in food industry. The proposed study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale consists of 36 questions, distributes it among 311 Iranian experts in food industry and analyzes it based on principal component analysis. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.86 and Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Approx. Chi-Square are 0.72 and 3614, respectively. Based on the results of our survey, we have derived seven factors including supply management, environmental factors, product management, distribution structure, standardization strategies, market leadership and market organization.
7011. 
An exploration investigation on important factors influencing pricing strategy for market share adjustment Pages 27-32
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Authors: Somayeh Hozouri, Gholamreza Heidari Kord Zangeneh, Naser Azad
Keywords: Factor analysis, Market share, Pricing
Abstract:
Journal: USCM | Year: 2014 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 1 | Views: 1511 | Reviews: 0
7012.
Microwave-assisted solvent-free synthesis of 14-aryl/alkyl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes and tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthen-11-ones catalyzed by nano silica phosphoric acid Pages 27-34
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Authors: Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili, Abdolhamid Bamoniri
DOI: 10.5267/j.ccl.2012.12.002
Keywords:
Abstract:
Nano silica phosphoric acid (nano SPA) was applied as a catalyst for synthesis of 14-aryl/alkyl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes and tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthen-11-ones in microwave oven under solvent free conditions. High efficiency, easy availability and reusability are some advantages of this catalyst.
Journal: CCL | Year: 2013 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 1 | Views: 3504 | Reviews: 0
7013.
Free vibration of simply supported rectangular plates on Pasternak foundation: An exact and three-dimensional solution Pages 29-42
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Authors: M. Dehghany, A. Farajpour
Keywords: Eigen-frequency, Elastic foundation, Free vibration, Pasternak model, Simply supported rectangular plates, Three-dimensional elasticity theory
Abstract:
This paper deals with exact solution for free vibration analysis of simply supported rectangular plates on elastic foundation. The solution is on the basis of three dimensional elasticity theory. The foundation is described by the Pasternak (two-parameter) model. First, the Navier equations of motion are replaced by three decoupled equations in terms of displacement components. Then, these equations are solved in a semi-inverse method. The obtained displacement field satisfies all the boundary conditions of the problem in a point wise manner. The solution is in the form of a double Fourier sine series. Then free-vibration characteristics of rectangular plates resting on elastic foundations for different thickness/span ratios and foundation parameters are studied. The numerical results are compared with the available results in the literature. Important parameters on the accuracy of plate theories and free-vibration characteristics of rectangular plates resting on elastic foundations are discussed.
Journal: ESM | Year: 2014 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 1 | Views: 4180 | Reviews: 0
7014.
A goal programming method for deriving fuzzy priorities of criteria from inconsistent fuzzy comparison matrices Pages 29-42
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Authors: Mohammad Izadikhah
DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2011.10.005
Keywords: Fuzzy pair-wise comparison matrix, Goal programming, Ranking function, Triangular fuzzy number
Abstract:
Decision making problem is the process of finding the best option from all of the feasible alternatives. One of the most important concepts in decision making process is to identify the weights of criteria. In real-world situation, because of incomplete or non-obtainable information, the data (attributes) are often not deterministic and can be treated in forms of fuzzy numbers. This paper investigates a method for deriving the weights of criteria from the pair-wise comparison matrix with fuzzy elements. Finding the weights of criteria has been one of the most important issues in the field of decision-making and the present method uses goal programming to solve the resulted model. In addition, using a ranking function we convert each obtained fuzzy weight to a crisp one, which makes it possible to compare the criteria. The proposed model of this paper is supported by several examples and a case study.
Journal: MSL | Year: 2012 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 1 | Views: 2412 | Reviews: 0
7015.
The effect of government spending on macroeconomic stability Pages 31-36
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Authors: Keyvan Karimi, Rahebe Ghasemzade, Payam Khodaei, Payam Abdi
Keywords: Macro-economy stability, The Johansen-Juselius method, Government spending
Abstract:
Macroeconomic stability plays essential role on the performance of governments and attaining economic development. Therefore, governments can displace the demand curve and achieve different goals such as economic development and growth by considering financial instruments, which are available for them. Thus, the present study aims at investigating the effect of government spending on the stability of macro-economy for the time interval 1979-2011 using the Johansen-Juselius method. The results indicate that the variables of goods price index and services as well as government investment spending had positive effects and variables of exchange free rate, government consumption spending, and government tax revenues had negative effects on economic development.
Journal: AC | Year: 2016 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 1 | Views: 1719 | Reviews: 0
7016.
Review on current status and challenging issues of land subsidence in Iran Pages 33-38
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Authors: Seyed Jafar Sadjadi
Keywords: Land subsidence, Land use planning, Water shortage, Global warming
Abstract:
Land subsidence in Iran is one of the environmental issues of recent years in Iran, which is mostly due to shortage of the groundwater resources. Iran is considered as the country with the most land subsidence. The amount of land subsidence in Iran is believed to be far more than the average of developed countries. Presently, over 300 plains of Iran are suffering from land subsidence and in some plains of Iran, the conditions have passed the subsidence and the ground has entered the critical stage of creating sinkholes. This paper presents an overview of the current status and challenging issues of land subsidence in Iran.
Journal: JFS | Year: 2022 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 1 | Views: 805 | Reviews: 0
7017.
An exploration investigation on measuring the impact of information technology on bullwhip effect on supply chain management Pages 33-42
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Authors: Vahid Shahabi, Mohammad Emami, Maliheh Sadat Monnavari, Fatemeh Ghods
Keywords: Fuzzy DEMATEL, Bullwhip effect, Supply chain management
Abstract:
Information technology plays an important role on the success of different organizations. In today’s competitive environment, there is a need to reduce the cost of products by increasing productivity and quality of products and services. Bullwhip effect is one of the most important issues influencing production planning reducing the efficiency of production planning by increasing unwanted materials, etc. Bullwhip effect occurs for many reasons such as lack of good demand estimation, poor communication between vendors and suppliers, etc. In this paper, we present an empirical investigation based on DEMATEL technique to find the effect of information technology on reducing the bad consequences of bullwhip effect. The study first uses systems dynamic to build a cause-and- effect relationship between different factors influencing bullwhip effect and then using fuzzy DEMATEL, the effect of information technology on bullwhip effect has been confirmed.
Journal: USCM | Year: 2014 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 1 | Views: 2265 | Reviews: 0
7018.
One-pot synthesis of 2,4,5-tri-substituted-1H-imidazoles promoted by trichloromelamine Pages 35-42
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Authors: BiBi Fatemeh Mirjalili, Abdolhamid Bamoniri, Najmeh Mohaghegh
DOI: 10.5267/j.ccl.2012.12.001
Keywords: Aldehydes, 1-2-Diketones, 2-4-5-Trisubstituted Imidazoles, Positive chlorine, Trichloromelamine
Abstract:
2,4,5-Trisubstituted imidazoles have many pharmaceutical properties and can be prepared via reaction of 1, 2-diketones with aldehydes in the presence of an acidic catalyst. In this work, we have prepared 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles in the presence of trichloromelamine as a source of positive chlorine. Short reaction times, high yield, simplicity of operation and easy work-up are some advantages of this method.
Journal: CCL | Year: 2013 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 1 | Views: 3867 | Reviews: 0
7019.
Developing a multi stage mathematical production management model for auto industry Pages 35-44
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Authors: M. Ghorbani Salanghooch, A. Norang, M. Moameni
DOI: 10.5267/j.dsl.2012.10.003
Keywords: Khorasan razavi, Production management, Inventory management, Iran Khodro Iranian Company
Abstract:
In this paper, we establish an integrated mathematical production management model based on five parts insisted of finished goods production in production sites, inventory control of finished goods in production and distribution facilities, semi-finished goods production in producer’s facilities, inventory control of raw materials in production sites and Inventory control of semi-finished products. The main goal of developed model is to minimize total cost of company in the mentioned parts. Finally, the model is validated with 7 real-world case studies from auto-industry in one of the largest Iranian car producer company, Iran Khodro co and the empirical results are illustrated at the end of the paper.
Journal: DSL | Year: 2013 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 1 | Views: 1650 | Reviews: 0
7020.
Modeling and analyzing the impact of lean principles on organizational performance using ISM approach Pages 37-50
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Authors: Rajender Kumar, Vikas Kumar, Sultan Singh
Keywords: Lean Principles, Wastages, ISM approach, Performance
Abstract:
Existing literature on lean principles reveals the impact of lean principles on the organizational performance. During the past few years, the Indian manufacturing context has been competing with the global competitors directly to sustain their presence. One of the big motivations behind this is the steps taken in favor of replacing the policies and regulations for the manufacturing context by the government of India. In present, the manufacturing context is still far away to get the sustainable market because of customer perception variation i.e. cost, delivery and quality re-lated issues. To overcome the uncertainties based on the attributes i.e. quality, productivity, de-livery etc., almost all the manufacturing units use the basic of lean principle i.e. apply the 5’S. Whereas the heavy industries used the VSM approach especially the automotive product manu-facturers. The work presented in this paper gives an insight on the application of lean principles in the manufacturing context and analyzes the impacts using ISM approach.
Journal: JPM | Year: 2017 | Volume: 2 | Issue: 1 | Views: 1738 | Reviews: 0