This paper investigates the shear strength and failure modes of steel-concrete-steel (SCS) sandwich composite member with Engineered Cementitious Concrete (ECC) and explores the influences of various shear connectors such as headed stud and bolt on shear behavior of SCS sandwich composite member by carrying out push-out testing program. Based on the test results in this study, the failure modes and the load-slip behavior of the specimens are investigated. In addition, the experimental results on the shear resistance of the headed stud connector with various connector spacing and numbers of connector is compared and explored.

Ratcheting is a second failure mode in low cycle fatigue loading where plastic strain accumulates in each cycle. It is difficult to precisely estimate component deformation due to the complexities of cyclic hardening. In order to study the deformation, all types of hardening rules must be determined priorly. In this study, the determination procedures of combined hardening parameters are presented using Abaqus software. The experiment data of API-5L X80 from the past research have been utilized. Lastly, the different inputs of non-linear kinematic hardening choices are analyzed and presented.

In this paper, economic analysis on the effect of polyester fibers with high strength on the behavior of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) is performed. The results indicate that strength is increased by adding fiber to asphalt. Also, unit weight of asphalt mixture was used as a variable parameter in the analyses. The results show that in some certain percentages of fiber, in addition to the enhancement in mechanical properties of HMA mixture the economic benefit value becomes more than the cost and therefore adding polyester fibers with high stability is suggested for the mixture of modified asphalt concrete. Finally, it can be concluded that adding fibers in values of 0.2% to 0.5% has the best result on the asphalt mixture, which because of high resistance and economic aspects makes it more efficient to be used in the highways of warm regions containing traffic.