Abstract: Credit risk affects the work and reputation of banks. Islamic banks' heavy reliance on debt financing has led to increased interest in credit risk and its management. This paper aimed to identify the bank-specific factors affecting credit risk in Islamic banks, expressed as Non-Performing Finance NPF in the Middle East for the period 2011-2022. The study was based on a panel data analysis of 30 Islamic banks. The findings of study show a significant negative impact of Return On Assets ROA, Capital Adequacy Ratio CAR and size Z on the credit risk. The findings show a significant positive impact of Finance Loss Provision FLP on the credit risk. The findings also show no impact of Finance Expansion FEX, Finance to Deposit Ratio FDR and Capital Ratio CPR on the credit risk. The study showed that increasing the provision for financing losses and capital adequacy helps banks to reduce the impact of credit risks. The study recommends applying cautious lending policies and carefully selecting clients.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This research aims to investigate the upcoming challenges of green innovation and sustainability in the hospitality and tourism sectors of Saudi Arabia and the mediating role of National Vision 2030 in fostering industry growth. A quantitative design was used, and a close-ended questionnaire was used to collect data from 499 respondents in the hospitality and tourism sectors of Saudi Arabia. The analysis was performed using SmartPLS and structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings indicate several upcoming challenges, such as renewable energy consumption, energy efficiency, and the changing preferences of consumers. However, these challenges can be dealt with adequate government policies and the mediating role of the Saudi Arabia 2030 vision to achieve sustainability in the hospitality and tourism sectors. These findings have theoretical and practical implications, which are discussed in the end. The scope of the findings is constrained to the geographic context of Saudi Arabia, inviting future investigations in a broader international context.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Retail food businesses are important contributors to the economic stability of nations, contributing to the economy in different ways, including providing jobs in the supply chain pipeline. Global events like the pandemic arising from the spread of COVID-19 threatened the aptitude of retail food outlets to operate due to the restrictions put in place to mitigate the spread of the virus. The objective of this research is to investigate the determinants that impact the longevity of organizations in the food retail industry and construct a survival model that accounts for these characteristics considering the COVID-19 pandemic, and examining the roles of variables such as organizational survival, external general environment, corporate governance policy, transformational change management, economic condition, and marketing innovation. The study utilized quantitative methodology, employing a survey questionnaire to gather data from a sample of 360 entrepreneurs. Subsequently, the data was analyzed using statistical analysis and the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The research findings reveal that the external general environment, transformational change management, economic conditions, corporate governance policies, and marketing innovation have statistically significant positive impacts on organizational survival. Consequently, food retail businesses must adapt within the COVID-19 context, under evolving external conditions, to strategize for enhanced competitive capabilities. This includes managing change and economic conditions for survival in a COVID-19 pandemic characterized by rapid economic shifts, human behavioral changes, and adaptive governance policies that align with situations. These findings can be applied to organizational structures, addressing weaknesses and further enhancing organizational strengths to create innovative marketing approaches that align appropriately with current circumstances for organizational survival. An important limitation of the study is that data were collected from only 360 food retailers in Thailand, representing a partial population of the food retail business in Thailand, hence limiting the generalizability of the results beyond the context of the study and other countries.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Financial performance is an evaluation of a company's assets, liabilities, equity, expenses, revenues, and profitability. This evaluation provides an overview of the company's overall financial health during a certain period. Resource Based Theory states several factors that can affect financial performance, namely intellectual capital and competitive advantage. This research was conducted with a quantitative approach. The observed population of this research is all BPRs in Bali Province which are still operating in 2017 - 2021. Determination of the sample in this study using the census method or saturated sample so that the sample used in this study was 133 BPRs in Bali Province. The analysis technique used in this research is path analysis with Eviews version 9.0 software. The test results show that intellectual capital has no effect on financial performance, intellectual capital has a positive effect on competitive advantage, competitive advantage has a positive effect on financial performance and competitive advantage is able to mediate the effect of intellectual capital on financial performance. The results of this study are expected to contribute to various interested parties, namely the development of Resource Based Theory as a theoretical benefit and BPR management, government, OJK, society and the banking industry as practical beneficiaries.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The research aims to investigate how strategic entrepreneurship through innovative effectiveness is used to create value within firms. Using structural equation modeling, data from 55 private hospitals in Jordan were gathered. For this research, 230 directors, managers, and department heads were enlisted. An entrepreneurial mindset was found to have a significant and positive correlation with innovative effectiveness while having a business alignment also had a positive and significant correlation with innovative effectiveness. However, innovative effectiveness had a positive but insignificant correlation with the creation of firm value. The research concluded that strategic entrepreneurship had a positive effect on the creation of firm value.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The aim of this research is to analyze the influence of organizational culture, owner characteristics, government intervention on entrepreneurial orientation and its implications for business performance among MSME actors in the culinary sector in Bogor City, West Java Province, Indonesia. The sample in this study was 196 respondents consisting of MSMEs operating in the food sector that had been running for at least 6 months. Sampling technique using random sampling. Data collected through questionnaires was then analyzed using SEM-PLS. Research findings based on data analysis that have been carried out show that Organizational Culture has a positive and significant influence on the Entrepreneurial Orientation of MSME Actors in the Culinary Sector in the City of Bogor; Owner Characteristics have a positive and significant influence on the Entrepreneurial Orientation of MSME Actors in the Culinary Sector in the City of Bogor; Government intervention has a positive and significant effect on the Entrepreneurial Orientation of MSMEs in the Culinary Sector in the City of Bogor; Organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on business performance among MSME actors in the culinary sector in the city of Bogor; Owner characteristics have a positive and significant influence on business performance among MSME actors in the culinary sector in the city of Bogor; Government intervention has a positive and significant effect on business performance among MSME actors in the culinary sector in the city of Bogor; Entrepreneurial Orientation has a positive and significant effect on Business Performance among MSMEs in the Culinary Sector in the City of Bogor; Organizational Culture has a positive and significant effect on Business Performance through entrepreneurial orientation for MSMEs in the Culinary Sector in Bogor City; Owner characteristics have a positive and significant influence on business performance through entrepreneurial orientation for MSME actors in the culinary sector in the city of Bogor; Government intervention has a positive and significant effect on business performance through entrepreneurial orientation for MSME actors in the culinary sector in Bogor City, West Java Province, Indonesia.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The adoption of supply chain management (SCM) is pivotal in boosting organizational competitiveness and performance. This study examines the relationships among SCM, firm value, company performance, and competitive advantage within the context of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. Employing a quantitative approach, we analyzed data collected from a sample of 100 MSMEs using SmartPLS to test various hypotheses. The findings indicate that effective SCM significantly influences a firm’s value, performance, and competitive advantage. This study supports the mediating role of firm value by showcasing its robust influence on the relationship between SCM and competitive advantage. However, the mediating role of company performance on competitive advantage appears weaker. The discussion integrates relevant literature, highlighting the pivotal role of SCM strategies in enhancing productivity, fulfilling customer desires, and increasing competitiveness. This study also underscores the critical link between financial performance, value creation, and competitive advantage. Overall, this study contributes to the ongoing development of practical SCM knowledge by providing valuable insights for MSMEs seeking to navigate the challenges of an evolving business landscape.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This research aims to analyze the relationship between compensation and supply chain performance and to analyze the relationship between organizational support and supply chain performance at the immigration office. The research method uses a quantitative associative survey method. The analysis used in this research is partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The population of this study were senior employees of government organization or immigration offices in Indonesia and the research respondents were 467 senior employees who were selected using a simple random sampling method. Research data was obtained by distributing online questionnaires via social media. The online questionnaire contains statement items and is designed using a 7 Likert scale. The Likert scale used in this research is (1) strongly disagree, (2) disagree, (3) quite disagree, (4) Neutral, (5) quite agree, (6) agree, (7) strongly agree. Data processing uses SmartPLS 4.0 software, and the data analysis stages are testing the outer model and inner model, testing the inner model by carrying out validity tests, reliability tests while the inner model tests hypothesis or significance tests. The results of this research are that compensation has a positive and significant relationship to supply chain performance at the immigration office and organizational Support has a positive and significant relationship to supply chain performance at the immigration office. By implementing a fair and good compensation system, it will encourage supply chains to improve their performance. Supply chains will try to improve their performance because the better their performance, the supply chain will receive better compensation. Work motivation has a positive and significant effect on supply chain performance. Organizational support is very important for supply chain behavior. The organization has an obligation to develop a climate that supports consumer orientation.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The economy of Bali heavily relies on the tourism sector, leading to economic vulnerability. There are numerous challenges in Bali's economy, with COVID-19 being one of the most prominent examples. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Bali's economy experienced the deepest contraction and slowest recovery compared to other provinces in Indonesia. Amid this economic vulnerability, it is important to conduct research on the financial resilience of SMEs in Bali. This research aims to analyze the influence of financial literacy on financial resilience, as well as the mediating role of financial performance and fintech adoption on the impact of financial literacy on financial resilience among SMEs in Bali. The research method used is a quantitative approach with a sample of 177 SMEs in Bali, selected through non-probability sampling techniques. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with SEM-PLS in SmartPLS 3.0 program. The test results indicate that financial literacy has a positive and significant influence on financial resilience, financial performance, and fintech adoption. Financial performance and fintech adoption also have a positive and significant impact on financial resilience. Furthermore, financial performance and fintech adoption can partially mediate the influence of financial literacy on financial resilience in SMEs in Bali. The findings of this research are beneficial for the development of Knowledge-Based View theory and Technology Acceptance Model, as well as for SMEs in Bali and the government as policy makers in efforts to enhance financial resilience.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The global economy, including the banking sector in the ASEAN region, has experienced significant impacts due to the COVID-19 pandemic. To understand its impact more deeply, this research aims to evaluate banking stability and performance during the pandemic period, with a focus on risk governance and financial factors. A total of 272 banks in the ASEAN region were included in this study, using specific criteria depicting risk governance and financial factors. The research findings indicate a positive relationship between risk governance factors (RC, RCS, RCM and CRO) towards Financial Sustainability. The implications of these findings not only have theoretical relevance in understanding banking dynamics during crisis periods but also have important practical implications for decision-makers in the banking sector and financial regulation. Further discussion on theoretical and practical implications is provided, offering a better understanding of the challenges and opportunities in maintaining financial sustainability in the context of uncertain economic situations, such as those brought about by the global pandemic.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study examines the interaction effect between transformational leadership, transactional leadership, wireless IT competence, ambidexterity and supply chain management capability in increasing innovation capability. By using a knowledge-based view and dynamic capability theory basis, this research has provided an exploration of the supply chain of a merchant marine college and its impact on innovation capability using a quantitative method approach. The authors collected data from a cross-section of 673 questionnaires distributed to Managers in 3 managerial classifications from top, middle and bottom in the technical service unit of the merchant marine college under the Indonesian Ministry of Transportation. A total of 523 data were collected from questionnaires that could be continued for data analysis. The results of this study indicate that all the hypotheses put forward in this study are accepted, and the role of mediating variables in this research has succeeded in demonstrating their role in mediating each antecedent variable to increase innovation capability. The theoretical implication of this research is the growth of cloud or virtual supply chains facilitated by digital wireless communications, and internet technology is advancing logistics and supply chain innovations. Also, it can reinforce theory and dynamic capability.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study examines the impact of relaxation of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) access on the trans-regional investment behavior of Indonesian enterprises. Utilizing data from publicly listed companies between 2010 and 2022, this study investigates how easing FDI restrictions influences the geographic distribution of subsidiaries. The findings indicate that FDI access relaxation significantly promotes trans-regional investment, driven by reduced government subsidies and lower market intervention. These mechanisms enable enterprises to expand beyond local markets by decreasing their dependency on government support and lowering their transaction costs. Robustness tests, including first-order difference models and dynamic distribution tests, confirmed the reliability of the results. This study suggests that a further reduction in FDI restrictions can enhance domestic market integration, mitigate capital market segmentation, and promote inclusive economic growth. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence of the economic benefits of FDI access policies and offers new strategies for addressing market segmentation in Indonesia.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This research examined the connections of efficiency, regulatory and good corporate governance (GCG) variables on the achievement or performance of financial aspects and social reporting from Indonesia’s Shariah banks generally. Data and samples collected in this research include 34 Shariah banks, which are administered in the central bank, Bank of Indonesia for the year of 2009 until 2022. The financial achievement was determined with return on assets, and social reporting was determined with dummy 1 if the banks issue Islamic social reporting, and 0 otherwise. Regulation variables were measured with nonperforming financing (NPF), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), financial to deposit ratio (FDR), and net operating margin (NOM). Corporate governance variables were measured with firm age, board education, and board meeting. Efficiency variable was assessed with operating costs to revenue. The results show that regulation variables significantly impact financial achievement and social reporting, except NPF and CAR have nothing significant influence on Islamic social reporting. Efficiency variables significantly impact Islamic social reporting and financial achievement. Corporate governance variables significantly influence financial achievement and Islamic social reporting. Meanwhile firm age and board meetings have no remarkable influence on financial achievement.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Changes are occurring in customers demanding that companies produce environmentally friendly products. Apart from that, there is pressure from the government so that companies carrying out business activities can follow the rules and regulations set. The company has developed a system that uses technology to support production process activities properly and adequately. Blockchain technology makes green supply chain implementation faster and more flexible to continue improving supply chain performance. Data is collected on companies implementing blockchain technology and environmentally friendly programs. Data was collected at 512 manufacturing companies in Indonesia using Google Forms, which was distributed via email and social media. Data analysis used PLS to answer all research hypotheses. The research results showed that blockchain technology significantly influenced green supply chain management of 0.816, green practice of 0.370, supply chain flexibility of 0.115, and green supply chain performance of 0.150. Green supply chain management is a commitment for companies that have become top management commitments to adopt by reducing consumption of materials that impact the environment, which affects green supply practices of 0.473, supply chain flexibility of 0.244, and green supply chain performance of 0.247. Green supply practice, as a form of company best practice application, can influence supply chain flexibility by 0.428 and green supply chain performance by 0.214. Supply chain flexibility that has been running in manufacturing companies has had a significant impact on green supply chain performances of 0.331. This research provides a practical contribution to top management's commitment to running a green supply chain to increase company performance. Contribution for regulators and rule makers to continue to carry out continuous monitoring of business actors. Theoretical contributions to enrich theories about the green environment, green supply chain management, and blockchain technology.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Materialism has emerged as a growing global drift in the past decade. This study highlights the influence of materialism on consumers' attitudes and actions regarding the purchase of environmentally sustainable products (ESPs) in a country such as Pakistan, which environmental orientations are in the developing stage. Materialistic perspectives can hinder the formation of positive attitudes towards environmentally sustainable products, especially when consumers engage in product comparisons. To evaluate the effects of materialism and product comparisons on purchasing intentions and behaviors, a survey was conducted among university students. The results revealed that consumers tend to avoid purchasing experience goods primarily because these items require a higher degree of involvement and risk assessment due to their intangible and experiential nature. This avoidance is particularly pronounced when the subjective norms and attitudes toward these goods are influenced by materialistic values, which often prioritize tangible, ownership-oriented products.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)