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1. |
An empirical analysis of Cambodian behavior intention towards mobile payment
, Pages: 1941-1954 Nam Hung Do, Jacquline Tham, Abdol Ali Khatibi and S. M. Ferdous Azam PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: Mobile payment is becoming an evitable trend in the globe and is well expanding rapidly into emerging countries. Many research models are developed and confirmed that behavior intention is an important fact which decides the level of using mobile payment among users. The existing research models have made empirical evidences confirming behavior intention de-pended on performance and effort expectancy. This research expands previous empirical evidence by involving perceived transaction speed as an important explanatory variable to both performance expectancy and effort expectancy and also captures how behavior intention is influenced by performance expectancy and effort expectancy among Cambodian users. A total of 200 questionnaires were collected, analyzed and summarized for this study. Result reveals that performance expectancy and effort expectancy affect positively and significantly on behavior intention. Perceived transaction speed has a positive and significant relationship with effort expectancy but Perceived transaction does not have any positive and significant relationship with performance expectancy. Result from this study also concludes the role of perceived transaction speed which is affecting intention to use mobile payment among users. However, there are some limitations to be addressed for the future researches; this research may include larger samples to find out the clear effect on behavior intention of the end-users. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.011 Keywords: Mobile payment (m-payment), Perceived transaction speed, Performance expectancy, Effort expectancy, Behavior intention
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2. |
Key components of working capital management: Investment performance in Malaysia
, Pages: 1955-1964 Pui-Yan Loo and Wei-Theng Lau PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: This study attempts to examine the role of working capital management components on four commons which are distinctive dimensions of business investment performance in Malaysia. The analysis covers 431 listed companies for the period 2000-2017 post the Asian financial crisis. The four performance indicators are return on assets (to proxy book return on overall business assets), return on equity (to proxy book return on shareholders’ fund), Tobin’s Q (to proxy firm valuation) and stock performance (to proxy real shareholder wealth). Our results indicate that working capital components of receivables collection period, inventory conversion period, payables deferral period, overall cash conversion cycle, current ratio, quick ratio, and cash ratio have generally exhibited important relationships with investment performance before and after the 2007-2008 subprime crisis. We would like to highlight the very robust negative effect of receivables collection period and cash conversion cycle. In addition, it is worth noting the distinctive roles of cash conversion cycle components and working capital liquidity ratios. While overly high liquidity position is usually viewed as inefficiency and detrimental for profitability, our panel data analysis consistently show that a high liquid position is favourable if the impact of cash conversion cycle is well considered. Hence, it is crucial for managers to prioritize the importance of working capital requirements to enhance the value of investors. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.010 Keywords: Working capital management, Liquidity position, Investment returns, Cash conversion cycle, Firm-level panel data
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3. |
The effect of celebrity physical attractiveness and trustworthiness on consumer purchase intentions: A study on Nigerian consumers
, Pages: 1965-1976 C. A. Onu, J. Nwaulune, E.A. Adegbola and G. Nnorom PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: Celebrities are individuals who are popular in public arena because of their physical attractiveness and trustworthiness. To take advantage of these components, marketers use celebrities for product promotion to create awareness and enhance the credibility of their advertisement. However, the use of celebrities to endorse consumer products by the Nigerian telecommunication industry led to huge cost of acquiring physically attractive endorsers and lack of celebrity trust because customers perceived that the celebrities were paid to feature in the brand and not necessarily, they believed in the brand. This study, therefore, examined the effect of celebrity physical attractiveness and trustworthiness on consumer purchase intentions of selected telecommunication in Nigeria. Survey design was employed and a target population of 519 students was used in the study. Random sampling technique was adopted to select the sample size and a well-structured questionnaire was adopted for the study. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the constructs ranged between 0.71 and 0.85. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Structural equation modeling). Findings from the study reveal that celebrity physical attractiveness had positive effect on consumer purchase intention of selected telecommunications companies in Nigeria (P=0.000, R2= 0.533). Celebrity trustworthiness had positive and significant effect on consumer purchase intention of selected telecommunication companies in Nigeria (P=0.000, R2= 0.314). The study concludes that celebrity endorsement components were jointly important in explaining the changes in the consumer purchase intentions of selected telecommunications companies in Nigeria. The study recommends that telecommunications companies should focus on the recruitment of physical attractiveness and trustworthiness whose images align with theirs for endorsement purpose. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.009 Keywords: Celebrity physical attractiveness, Celebrity trustworthiness, Consumer purchase intention
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4. |
A study on the effect of human resource empowerment on productivity: Evidence from Indonesian higher education
, Pages: 1977-1986 Nuryanto and Zulfikar Bagus Pambuko PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: Human resource management is the key component for every organization. The empowerment of human resource is a strategic decision which in return affects the organizational productivity. The purpose of the present study is to examine the impact of HR empowerment through information technology, cultural dimensions and organizational knowledge with their impact on Muhammadiyah higher education productivity in Indonesia. To address this objective, a questionnaire was developed as a core instrument to collect primary data from the employees of Muhammadiyah higher education. A final sample of 138 respondents was collected for applying the structural equation modelling (SEM) approach with the factor analyses. Additionally, validity of the questionnaire was observed through three measures; namely Cronbach’s alpha, average variance extracted and composite reliability. Findings through structural equation modelling approach specify that all three dimensions of HR empowerment have shown their positive and significant influences on Muhammadiyah higher education productivity. However, this study is limited by various perspective. First, data is collected from Indonesia through employees of Muhammadiyah higher education only with limited generalizability of the findings. Second, the study has not discussed the combine effects of human resource empowerment on the overall productivity of Muhammadiyah higher education but with individual dimensions like cultural, information technology and knowledge factors. The findings can be meaningful to boost the performance and productivity of higher education while understanding its structural relationship between human resource development. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.008 Keywords: Human resources, Muhammadiyah higher education, Productivity, Empowerment, Structural equation model, Indonesia
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5. |
Identify factors affecting business efficiency of small and medium enterprises (SMEs): Evidence from Vietnam
, Pages: 1987-1998 Thi Cam Thanh Tran and Ngoc Tien Nguyen PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: As operating the business in the economy, all enterprises are interested in the business efficiency. Business efficiency is not only a measure of organizational performance and business management but also it is a vital issue for businesses operations. That is why defining the factors affecting business performance in enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises accounted for more than 80 percentage of the enterprises in Vietnam plays a very important role in helping business managers find solutions to improve the business efficiency. This paper is conducted to determine the factors affecting the business performance of these groups of businesses from the perspective of business managers and the business. This study is based on a survey from 100 business managers and 400 small and medium enterprises in Vietnam. Through the EFA analysis tool, we found some similarities in terms of the groups of factors affecting the business performance in small and medium enterprises in Vietnam between the perspective of business managers and perspective of the enterprises. Both the surveyed groups defined that there were three factor groups influencing the business efficiency: (1) group of institutional, policy and infrastructure factors, (2) group of factors associated with enterprises and (3) group of factors related to the environment outside the enterprise. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.007 Keywords: Efficiency, Business efficiency, Small and medium enterprises, Vietnam
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6. |
Intellectual capital performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia: Towards competitive advantages
, Pages: 1999-2008 Irma Setyawati, Tri Widyastuti, Adelina Suryati, Nira Haryatie Hartani PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between intellectual capital and financial performance of eleven Islamic banks in Indonesia over the period 2013-2016, using the value-added intellectual capital model, utilizing panel data with seemingly unrelated regression analysis. The results of this research indicate that structural capital efficiency had a significant influence on return on assets, and asset growth. Thus, for Islamic banks in Indonesia, all non-human assets, including the standard operating procedures, storage of all data, structural procedures, governance and policies for decision-making had significant effects on return on assets, and asset growth. Islamic banks in Indonesia can achieve competitive advantages in terms of return on assets, and asset growth, because they have positive value added reflected in intellectual capital value consisting of human capital efficiency, structural capital efficiency and capital employee efficiency. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.006 Keywords: Capital employee efficiency, Competitive advantage, Human capital efficiency, Structural capital efficiency, Value added intellectual capital
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7. |
The impact of customer experience on customer behavior intention use in social media commerce, an extended expectation confirmation model: An empirical study
,Pages: 2009-2020 I Wayan Kandi Wijaya, Anak Agung Gede Rai and Taqwa Hariguna PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: This paper aims to develop an integrated model designed to predict and explain a customer behavior intention use of s-commerce based on the concepts of customer experience (CE) and expectation confirmation model (ECM). This paper proposes a comprehensive model to synthesize the essence of CE and ECM to describe customer behavior intention use of s-commerce. The participants are from 311 users of s-commerce as the final sample. Structural equation modeling is applied to demonstrate the stability of the proposed model and the results of hypotheses testing. This paper finds that costumer experience significantly influenced perceived usefulness, expectation and satisfaction, while the perceived usefulness and expectation simultaneously influenced customer satisfaction. Expectation also significantly influences motivator of perceived usefulness. Meanwhile perceived usefulness and satisfaction both significantly influence behavior intention use of s-commerce directly. There are some limitations in this study which should be improved in the future. Extended ECM is evaluated in a country setting, which limits generalizations. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.005 Keywords: Customer experience, Expectation confirmation model, s-commerce
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8. |
Self-Leadership and interpersonal competences of future aspiring professionals in the Arab Middle East: Reference to FIRO-B
, Pages: 2021-2028 Deepika Gaur PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: The interpersonal competences and good relationship among employees are directly linked to the team effectiveness and indirectly to the higher productivity at the workplace. Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify interpersonal needs of Arab business students by using Fundamental Inter-personal Relations Orientation-Behaviour instrument (FIRO-B). The study is based on the survey of 192 business students in the UAE. The results have also revealed that the gender and academic level of participants had an influence on their interpersonal needs. The study has shown that it is essential to have different approaches towards students on the bases of their interpersonal needs and, by doing so, to try to enhance their interpersonal and communication skills. Moreover, the gender and academic level of students should be considered when organizing training in the improvement of students’ soft skills. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.004 Keywords: Interpersonal needs, FIRO-B, interpersonal training, Soft skills, team work, Self-leadership, Aspiring professionals
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9. |
What makes a non-Muslim purchase halal food in a Muslim country? An application of theory of planned behaviour
,Pages: 2029-2038 Dayang Haryani Diana Ag. Damit, Amran Harun, David Martin, Baban Jabbar Othman, Bestoon Othman and Halim Ahmad PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) has become a prominent theory in describing the relationship between attitude and behaviour. TPB utilizes attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control to predict ―intention‖. Studies of similar topics concentrating on non-Muslim consumers as respondents particularly exploring in their repurchase intention on Halal food are uncommon. Therefore, this study attempts to demonstrate the TPB in exploring the non-Muslim consumer repurchase intention of halal food products. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire survey of 415 non-Muslim consumers in Malaysia. The result of Structural Equation Analyses indicate that non-Muslim consumers’ attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control toward halal food product positively influenced their intention to repurchase halal food. The conclusions and several recommendations for future research consideration are presented in the final section. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.003 Keywords: Non-Muslim consumer, Attitude, subjective norm, Perceived behavioural control, Repurchase intention, halal food
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10. |
Factors affecting the application of management accounting in small and medium enterprises in Hanoi, Vietnam
, Pages: 2039-2050 Ngoc Toan Nguyen, Thi Thuy Hong Nguyen, Thi Thanh Thuy Chu, Dinh Dong Nguyen and Thi To Phuong Nguyen PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: This article evaluates the factors affecting the use of management accounting in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Hanoi, Vietnam. The factors include: Production and business characteris-tics; Competitiveness; Business strategy; CEO of awareness management; Human resource quality. The study is conducted on 238 SMEs in Hanoi and the results show that CEO’s awareness of management accounting had the strongest impact on the ability to apply management accounting of enterprises while competition level factor had the weakest effect. At the same time, the study also examines the significant role of mediating factor of firm size on the relationship between the charac-teristics of the production and business process and the application of management accounting, age and professional qualifications. The results indicate that enterprise size plays a significant role on regulating the impact of business characteristics of enterprises on management accounting applica-tion. For smaller enterprises, management accounting is less used and vice versa. Next, the younger the managers are, the higher the impact of their awareness on management accounting application, which means management accounting will be used more if managers are younger. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.002 Keywords: Applying management accounting, Small and medium enterprises, Hanoi, Vietnam
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11. |
A study of the factors affecting the content created by international travellers in Vietnam
, Pages: 2051-2062 Tung Tran Anh, Phuc Huynh Hanh, Linh Nguyen Tran Cam, Kien Pham Van and Luan Nguyen Dinh PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: Nowadays, international visitors often use the Internet to find information and share their travel experiences on social networks. This action helps other travellers make their traveling plans easier. However, there has not been much research on the user's perception on the use of travel content. This study aims to develop a model to measure the impact of user's perception on user-generated tourism content and to use the SEM model to test the feasibility of the proposed model. Results show that the perceived usefulness (PU) indirectly influenced user-generated content through the following channels: electronic word of mouth (eWOM), attitudes of visitors when choosing destinations and attitudes when using media social communication. The paper also provides recommendations to stakeholders in order to improve the value of content which is generated by international visitors for the development of the Vietnamese tourism industry. 1 DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.7.001 Keywords: Perceived usefulness (PU), User-generated content (UGC), Electronic word of mouth (eWOM), Social media attitude (SMA)
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12. |
Knowledge management in business and education: Evidence from Vietnam companies and universities
, Pages: 2063-2072 Ngoc Xuan Vu PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: Knowledge Management (KM) is the process of system identification, acquisition and transfer of information and knowledge that people can use to create for perfect competition. KM is considered as an intellectual property of opinions in favour of social orientation and it is created in organizations through social relationships. The definition of KM highlights that it could be considered as closely related to the theory and practice, and is a highly interdisciplinary field of multi-disciplinary. The purpose of this paper is associated with the knowledge management in general and uses survey in Vietnam companies and universities to analysis the role of knowledge management for business development. The authors collected data from 300 companies and universities in Hanoi, Danang, Ho ChiMinh and Can Tho cities. The descriptive statistics, Cronbach Alpha test, Exploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling methods were used in this paper. The results indicate that KM had a positive impact on the efficiency of the business organizations. The study also shows that there was a big difference on the effect of KM on organizational effectiveness in terms of SMEs and large enterprises. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.027 Keywords: Knowledge management (KM), Organizational culture (OC), Knowledge sharing (KS), Knowledge exchange (KE), Information technology (IT),
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13. |
Nexus between green HRM and green management towards fostering green values
, Pages: 2073-2082 Mahmoud Radwan Hussein AlZgool PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: The present study attempted to understand the nexus between Green HRM, Green Management to-wards explaining individual Green values. The study also attempted to test the moderation of green management on the relationship between Green HRM and individual Green values. A large private distribution business in Bahrain was chosen for the present study based on the recent initiatives towards green practices across the major work prospects. Results of the structural equation modelling from the non-managerial employees of the company indicated significant positive relationship be-tween green HRM and individual green values. Accordingly, the present study also reported significant relationship between Green Management and enhancement of individual green values. Importantly, the study also reported significant moderation of green management on the relationship between green HRM and individual green values. The study forwards implication for practitioners followed by the limitations and scope for future studies. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.026 Keywords: Green HRM, Green management, Green values, Moderation, Bahrain
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14. |
The importance of quality accounting information management in regional governments in Indonesia
, Pages: 2083-2092 Hari Setiyawati and Caturida Meiwanto Doktoralina PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: This study aims to determine the influence of information technology utilisation and the application of good governance principles on the quality of accounting information. The survey is an explanatory research intending to explain the causal relationships between variables through testing hypothe-ses. The analysis is used to determine the independent variables’ influence on the dependent variable. This research is conducted based on existing theories which were later developed into a research model designed to examine the effect of information technology utilisation and the application of good governance principles on the quality of accounting information. The study aims to re-view the quality of accounting information to answer research questions concerning the effect of in-formation technology utilisation and the application of principles of good governance on the quality of accounting information. The benefit of this research is that it contributes scientifically to financial accounting and public sector science and it attempts to solve the problems stakeholders face when implementing tasks related to the quality of accounting information. The study results state that the use of information technology affects the quality of accounting information, as does the application of good governance principles. This study’s implications will help raise awareness concerning the importance of integrity in the accounting reporting system in regional governments in Indonesia. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.025 Keywords: Information Technology, Good Governance Principles, Quality of Accounting Information
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15. |
A study on mediating effect of institute reputation on relationship between institute social responsibility and student loyalty: Exploring concerns in Pakistani private HEIs
, Pages: 2093-2104 Muhammad Azeem, Che Azlan Bin Taib and Halim Mad Lazim PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: The aim of this study is to determine the mediating role of the institute reputation between institute social responsibility and student loyalty. The present study uses a multi-stage sampling technique, which first creates four clusters; including Karachi, Quetta, Peshawar, and Lahore, and picks one cluster; namely Lahore, randomly for the purpose of the study. Second, proportionate sampling technique is used to calculate the proportionate values of every individual educational institute. Finally, systematic sampling is used to compute the sampling interval kth number of individual univer-sities. Data are collected from the provincial capital city of Punjab province (Lahore) and a total of 511 questionnaires are distributed among postgraduate students under business education discipline of private HEIs, 206 questionnaires are excluded from the sample due to some missing and misleading values, and final analysis is run by using SmartPLS 3.2.8 on 345 questionnaires. Findings elucidate that institutes social responsibility did not have any direct relationship with student loyalty. However, institute social responsibility has indirect relationship with student loyalty thru the mediating variable of institute reputation. Institute reputation also has a significant and positive influence on student loyalty. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.024 Keywords: Institute Social Responsibility, Institutes Reputation, Student Loyalty, HEIs
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16. |
The impact of leadership style and corporate social responsibility practices on financial performance: Evidence from Textile industry
, Pages: 2105-2120 Thi Diep Uyen Doan, Van Hung Bui Thi Thu Hien Phan, Xuan Hung Nguyen and Thi Kim Lien Tran PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: The objective of this article is to assess the impact of leadership style on deciding to implement cor-porate social responsibility (CSR) for Nam Dinh textile garment enterprises. At the same time, the article examines the mediate role of CSR on the relationship between transformational leadership and financial performance. Moreover, the article verifies the moderate role of firm size in the relationship between transformational leadership and financial performance, Stakeholder - oriented marketing plays a moderate role in the relationship between transformational leadership and CSR practice and moderate role of transactional leadership style in the relationship between CSR practice and financial performance. Analysis was conducted on 168 textile garment enterprises in Nam Dinh. The results show that CSR played a mediate role in the relationship between transformational leadership and financial performance. At the same time, all moderator variables were statistically significant. The result encourages Nam Dinh textile and garment enterprises to conduct business ethically towards sustainable development by implementing CSR. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.023 Keywords: Leadership style, Corporate social responsibility, Financial performance
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17. |
The effects of leadership skills on firm performance: The case of textile and garment firms in Vietnam
, Pages: 2121-2130 Nhung Tran Thi Bich and Phong Le Thai PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: Leaders are essential for the survival and development of businesses and they can affect and inspire employees, colleagues and other people to dedicate to the company. Among factors associated with leaders, leadership skills are considered as the most important characteristics because leadership skills are the abilities to perform tasks, transform knowledge into leaders' actions and demonstrate the leadership's expertise when applying the acquired knowledge in practices to achieve desired performance. This article focuses on studying the effects of leadership skills on the performance of Vietnamese textile and garment companies, which is one of the most important industries of this developing country. To achieve the objectives of this study, this article uses quantitative approach with various statistical techniques; namely, Cronbach's Alpha, EFA and CFA, SEM to analyze the primary data with SPSS and AMOS software and to test the hypotheses. The results show that strategic skills had the greatest impacts on the performance of Vietnamese textile and garment enterprises followed by interpersonal and business skills. Cognitive skills had the weakest effects on the per-formance of Vietnamese textile and garment enterprises. Thus, to enhance performance, leaders should improve and develop these skills. This study does not show possible differences in gender, age, experience and position of leader in this relationship, which is considered as the limitation of the survey. Leadership skills affect positively the performance of Vietnamese textile and garment enterprises. The order of the most influencing factors are: strategic skills, interpersonal skills, business skills, and cognitive skills. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.022 Keywords: Leadership skills, Firm performance, Textile and garment companies, Vietnamese companies
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18. |
Spending and development in Papua province of Indonesia
, Pages: 2131-2142 Thobby Wakarmamu and Yohanes Indrayono PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: Regional autonomy is designed to increase the welfare of the community with the idea that regional government best understands what must be done in order to increase and improve human resources. The quality of human resources in a community can be a determining factor for the success of development initiatives in a region. Regional governments must be able to properly plan, to implement, and to evaluate regional budget allocations as they have direct impacts on regional gross regional domestic product (GRDP) as well as on measurable community welfare as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI). This study examines the relationship between government spending and human development in regional governments of Papua Province, Indonesia as measured by the HDI. A secondary analysis of government data and Human Development Index (HDI) data was conducted using structural equation modelling. The secondary analysis of regional government budget allocations and HDI data suggests that spending with the goal of improving the lives of community members seems to lead to an improvement of HDI. This study is focused on regional governments in one province of Indonesia. While its findings suggest that governments should make supporting human resources a priority if they hope to see improvement in HDI, similar studies should be conducted in other communities in order to see how different cultural or political settings affect the relationship between spending and HDI. This study adds to our understanding of development with its focus on Papua Province, an under-studied area in development research. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.021 Keywords: Regional expenditure allocation, Gross Regional Domestic Product, Human Development Index, Papua
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19. |
The impact of knowledge management process and business intelligence on organizational performance
, Pages: 2143-2156 Mohammed A. Abusweilem and ShadiHabis Abualoush PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: The aim of this study was to study the relationship between knowledge management in its operations; including knowledge generation, knowledge sharing, knowledge usage and business intelligence; including OLAP, data mining on the performance of organizations in the branches of the Housing Bank in Irbid, Jordan. A total of 126 questionnaires were distributed to the sample of the study. A multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses of the study. The study concludes that there was a positive relationship between the knowledge management processes and the performance of organizations. Moreover, the components of business intelligence had positive impacts on the performance of organizations. The results have some enormous implications for the banking sector of Jordan. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.020 Keywords: Knowledge management process, Business intelligence, Organization performance, Jordan
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20. |
Investigating crucial factors affecting pharmacy students’ intention to work in rural area: A quantitative approach
,Pages: 2157-2168 Mariatul Fadilah, Arun Kumar Tarofder, S. M. Ferdous and Rizma Adlia Syakurah PDF (288 K) |
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Abstract: Maldistribution of skilled health workers between urban and rural area, especially pharmacist has become a global phenomenon. Not only the developing countries but also the developed country like the United States has been facing the same issue for a decades. Thus, many researchers have been trying to figure it out the reasons behind this occurrence. In their studies, most of the research-ers agreed that fresh graduates from pharmacy school were willing to work in the rural area. Therefore the primary aim of this study is to identify the important factors that can affect pharmacy stu-dents’ intention to work in rural area. Additionally, this study also tests the mediating effect of inter-est on the intention to work in the rural area of pharmacy students. A conceptual model is developed based on the two popular theories; namely theory of individual behavior and theory of interest. This model consists of three independent and one mediating and dependent variable. A quantitative ap-proach is used to test the hypotheses. With a structured questionnaire, this study is managed to get 675 students from different pharmacy schools. Multiple regression and Sobel tests are applied to test the direct and mediating effect. Results show that two out of three had a significant direct effect on pharmacy students’ intention to work in rural area. Similarly, a mediating effect also reveals the same. Based on the results, it is clear that predisposing variable is the most important for the phar-macy students’ interest to work in the rural area. The finding of this study, indeed, fills the paucity of the empirical evidence regarding pharmacy students’ working intention to the rural area, especial-ly in the Indonesian context. Based on the findings, this study provides several recommendations for the government as well as pharmacy curricula developer. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2019.6.016 Keywords: Pharmacy, Job Intention, Rural, Urban, Interest, Intention to work
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