1. |
Investigating the service brand: A customer value perspective
, Pages: 613-616 Leyla Heydari and Fereshteh Lotfizadeh PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper examines the effect of the service brand on the customer value–loyalty process. The study includes the traditional effect of brand image plus three additional influences, which reflects the broader service perspective including company image, employee trust, and company trust. Using survey data of a sample of 385 bank customers, the analysis indicates there is a direct influence of some of the perspectives of the brand on customers' perceptions of value. The results indicate that brand image, organization image, trust to firm influence positively on quality of services. In addition, brand image, organization image, quality of services and trust to firm influence on customer’s perspective where quality of services maintains the lowest impact and corporate image has the highest impact on customer’s perspective. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.3.001 Keywords: Brand; Service; Image; Reputation; Trust; Customer value; Customer loyalty |
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2. |
Consumer involvement profiles: An application of consumer involvement in mobile industry
, Pages: 617-620 Homa Rahbarian and Fattaneh Alizadeh Meshkani PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper investigates consumer involvement profile among people who intend to purchase mobile devises. The study considers the effects of various factors influencing on purchase intention including consumers’ personal characteristics such as age, gender, income as well as some external factors including advertisement. The study uses a questionnaire in Likert scale, originally developed by O’Cass (2000) [O’Cass, A. (2000). An assessment of consumers' product, purchase decision, advertising and consumption involvement in fashion clothing. Journal of Economic Psychology, 21, 545-576.]. The questionnaire has been distributed among 385 people, randomly who purchased mobile devices from a mall in city of Tehran, Iran. Using Pearson correlation test, the study has concluded that oral advertisement as well as consumer purchase involvement have positive and strong relationship with consumer’s purchase intention. In terms of age, people aged 20-30 maintained the highest purchase intention. In addition, in terms of gender, men had more purchase involvement than women did. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.037 Keywords: Consumer involvement; Involvement profile; Mobile industry |
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3. |
Examining the role of export competitive advantages on export performance
, Pages: 621-626 Yeganeh Alimohammadi, Reza Aghamousa and Fataneh Alizadeh Meshkani PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper investigates the role of export competitive advantage on export performance in food industry. The proposed study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributes it among 280 randomly selected experts in food industry and Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.827. The study has applied factor analysis to find important factors influencing export performance. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy and Bartlett's Test of Sphericity have been performed to validate the results and they both validated the questionnaire. The results of the survey have determined six effective groups including product development, e-commerce, marketing planning, organizational performance, competitiveness and supply chain management. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.036 Keywords: Food industry; Export performance; Competitive advantage |
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4. |
Investigating the effects of organizational justice on development of e-banking
, Pages: 627-630 Hamed Abbasi, Hamid Reza Abbasi, Mahsan Hajirasouliha and Ashkan Faraji PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper investigates the effects of three components of organizational justice on development e-banking in one of Iranian banks. The proposed study uses two questionnaires, one for measuring the effects of organizational justice and the other for e-banking in Likert scale. Cronbach alphas for organizational justice and e-banking are calculated as 0.831 and 0.749, respectively. The study has been implemented among 385 regular customers of an Iranian bank. Using Spearman correlation ratio as well as stepwise regression analysis, the study has detected that two components of organizational justice including distributive justice and procedural justice influence on e-banking, positively. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.035 Keywords: e-banking; Organizational justice; Distributive justice; Procedural justice; Interactional justice |
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5. |
An application of ANP for ranking different factors influencing on demand for auto parts
, Pages: 631-634 Ali Zarepour and Hossein Ali Momeni PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical investigation to study different factors influencing auto parts in different regions of Iran. The study has asked some experts who worked for the biggest auto parts supplier named SaipaYadak to express their insights about important factors influencing demand for auto parts in different region and their insights have grouped into four categories of parts related issues, weather conditions, regional as well as cultural factors. The study has been applied in five different regions of country including central, south, north, west and east. The study has used analytical network process (ANP) to rank different factors and the results indicate that regional factors is the most important item followed by cultural issues, auto parts and weather conditions. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.034 Keywords: Analytical hierarchy process; ANP; Auto parts; Group decision making |
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6. |
An investigation on the relationship between arbitrage and macro-economic indicators: A case study of Tehran Stock Exchange
, Pages: 635-640 Samira Fazli, Solmaz Sherkati Shlan, Somayeh Radsar and Mostafa Radsar PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the effects of macro-economic factors on the performance of stocks listed on Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The proposed study considers the effects of money supply, inflation rate, oil price, unforeseen changes in the course structure of interest rates as well as unanticipated changes in industrial production on stock price. Using seasonal information of stock price over the period 1997-2007 as well as regression analysis, the study has determined that risk premium of unforeseen changes in the course structure of interest rates, money supply, inflation rate and unanticipated changes in industrial production are meaningful when the level of significance is five percent. In other words, Arbitrage pricing theory model describing the expected return per share is reasonable and macro-level variables explain systematic risk on TSE. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.032 Keywords: Arbitrage; Macro-economic factors; Tehran Stock Exchange; Risk premium |
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7. |
An assessment on the quality of electronic educational courses versus traditional ones: A case study of math courses
, Pages: 641-646 Hossein Mohammadzadeh Saany, Hossein Jenaabadi and Mohammad Kord PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: The new era introduced as a technology era, is important as promising of a new world with modern methods in better and more useful teaching, which result in progress in qualitative teaching of students in education. The aim of the present study is to learn more about the effect of electronic courses in mathematics on students’ social growth, cognitive growth and the quality of learning. Statistical population includes 55 teachers of junior high school in city of Khash located in south part of Iran, selected randomly based on Morgan Tables. To gather data, social growth, cognitive growth and learning quality questionnaires were used. To analyze data one-way analysis of covariance (ANOCOVA) test was used. The results reveal that electronic educational courses were effective on social growth and cognitive growth but not on learning quality. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.031 Keywords: Electronic educational courses; Math courses; Quality of teaching; Educational software learning; Social growth; Cognitive growth |
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8. |
Investigating the effects of different levels of CRM investment on development of brand equity
, Pages: 647-650 Hamed Abbasi, Hamid Reza Abbasi, Mahsan Hajirasouliha and Ashkan Faraji PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper investigates the effects of different marketing strategies including basic marketing, reactive marketing, accountable marketing, proactive marketing and partnership marketing on brand equity. The proposed study uses two questionnaires, one for measuring the effects of different marketing strategies and the other for brand equity in Likert scale. Cronbach alphas for brand equity and marketing strategies are calculated as 0.71 and 0.86, respectively. The study has been implemented among 385 regular customers of a Picnic Gas distributer in city of Karaj, Iran. Using Spearman correlation ratio as well as stepwise regression analysis, the study has detected that there were positive and meaningful relationship between marketing strategies and brand equity. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.030 Keywords: CRM; Brand equity; Proactive marketing; Reactive marketing; Accountable marketing |
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9. |
Mediating role of self-regulatory efficacy on the relationship between punishment certainty, punishment severity and organizational deviance
, Pages: 651-658 Kabiru Maitama Kura, Faridahwati Mohd. Shamsudin and Ajay Chauhan PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: Employee deviance is prevalent and could have significant consequences to organizations and/or its members. Drawing upon deterrence theory, this study examined the mediating role of self-regulatory efficacy on the relationship between punishment certainty, punishment severity and organizational deviance. The participants were 197 employed postgraduate students who enrolled in the Master of Business Administration programme at two universities located in the north-west geopolitical zone of Nigeria. The model tested suggests that both punishment certainty and punishment severity predict organizational deviance through the influence of self-regulatory efficacy. Results suggest that self-regulatory efficacy partially mediates the relationship between punishment certainty and organizational deviance. Similarly, results suggest that the relationship between punishment severity and organizational deviance was partially mediated by self-regulatory efficacy. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.029 Keywords: Punishment certainty; Punishment severity; Organisational deviance; Self-regulatory efficacy |
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10. |
Ranking mutual funds using Sortino method
, Pages: 659-662 Khosro Faghani Makrani and Behzad Zamanian PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: One of the primary concerns on most business activities is to determine an efficient method for ranking mutual funds. This paper performs an empirical investigation to rank 42 mutual funds listed on Tehran Stock Exchange using Sortino method over the period 2011-2012. The results of survey have been compared with market return and the results have confirmed that there were some positive and meaningful relationships between Sortino return and market return. In addition, there were some positive and meaningful relationship between two Sortino methods. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.028 Keywords: Sortino method; Mutual fund; Tehran Stock Exchange |
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11. |
An application of fuzzy TOPSIS for ranking strategies
, Pages: 663-668 Shadi Ansari, Mohammad Ali Afshar Kazemi and Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper performs an investigation to rank different strategies in an engineering firm in Iran. The proposed study designs a questionnaire and distributes it among all experts who worked for a firm in engineering field named Kara Sazeh Matin. The study first determines four key strategies for development of firm’s objectives including improvement in buy/sell system and marketing planning, financial and cost management, human resources management and technology management. The study ranks these attributes based on fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) in fuzzy format. The results indicate the firm must take over one of the well-known construction firms to develop its operations. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.027 Keywords: Strategic planning; Fuzzy TOPSIS; AHP; Kara Sazeh Matin |
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12. |
An investigation on relationship between employees’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment
, Pages: 669-678 Hamzeh Samadi Miarkolaei and Hossein Samadi Miarkolaei PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: Job satisfaction is normally referred to cognitive, affective and evaluative reactions or attitude and state, which is a pleasurable or positive emotional state resulting from the appraisal of one’s job or experience. Organizational commitment has been defined as the extent where an individual accepts, internalizes, and views his/her role based on organizational values and objectives. The purpose of present research is to investigate the relationship between employees’ job satisfaction and organizational commitment of Red Crescent Society’s Textile Industries of Islamic Republic of Iran. (N=180 and n=106). Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and Allen and Meyer’s Organizational Commitment Questionnaires are used for collecting data. There were significant relationships between employees’ job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and their dimensions as descripted in results and conclusion. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.026 Keywords: Job Satisfaction; Organizational Commitment; Red Crescent Society’s Textile Industries |
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13. |
A study of the impact of strategic thinking on the performance of Mashhad municipal managers
, Pages: 679-690 Mahdi Mahdavian, Vahid Reza Mirabi and Farideh Haghshenas PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This examines the impact of strategic thinking on the performance of Mashhad municipal mangers. Strategic thinking as one of the ways of thinking has a crucial place in the modern world and plays essential role in major issues at different organizational levels including individual decision-making and planning. We expand our horizons and take the opportunity to increase our performance using strategic thinking. Organizations are being involved in competitive and chaotic situations; therefore, they need managers with strategic thinking. Nevertheless, there are some organizations throughout the world managing their business activities in increasingly difficult situations with highly developed duties. Therefore, they need strategic thinkers to cope up with the mentioned problems and Mashhad Municipality is no exception to this policy because it has a special place among all aspects of metropolitan districts. Thus, this study has attempted to explain of the impact of strategic thinking on the performance of Mashhad municipal managers. The results obtained from the study show that strategic thinking had an acceptable level among municipal managers of Mashhad City and all factors of strategic thinking improved their performance. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.025 Keywords: Strategy; Strategic thinking; Performance; Municipality |
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14. |
Investigating different factors influencing women’s economic activities
, Pages: 691-694 Mohammad Javad Ghasemi PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: There are many studies on how to share women’s involvement in economic activities and what sectors of industries could contribute more to their job involvement. This paper presents an empirical investigation to learn how economic growth in service industry, agricultural industry as well as other industries could contribute on economic growth. The study uses vector error correction to study the relationship between value added and women’s job opportunities in Iran over the period 1951-2003. In industrial sector, the results of the survey indicate that an increase of one percent on growth domestic product (GDP) and wage increases 4.47% and reduces 1.95 % of women’s employment, respectively. In addition, an increase of one percent on GDP and wage increases 0.24% and reduces 0.25 % of women’s employment in service industry, respectively. Finally, an increase of one percent in GDP increases wage by 4.47% and reduces women’s employment by 1.95%, respectively. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.024 Keywords: Economic activities; Women’s employment; Econometrics |
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15. |
Prioritizing the client trust factors in electronic banking using analytic hierarchy process
, Pages: 695-702 Hossein vazifedust and Mehdi Bani’Asadi PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper prioritizes the trust factors among electronic banking clients of an Iranian bank named Parsian Bank. The study first analyzes and reviews the literature and interviews with experts of electronic banking and academicians and determines client trust as the most important factor for development of electronic banking. The study also determines different factors associated with trust, which includes individual factors, banking factors and infrastructural factors. The sample populations consist of 25 experts who are academicians, managers and bank officers, clients of electronic banking. The necessary data was collected through conducting interviews and questionnaires and they are analyzed using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The research findings indicate that the attitudinal factors, telecommunication infrastructure and cultural factors were the most influential factors accordingly and the customer orientation and ease of access were the least influential factors. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.023 Keywords: AHP; Analytical hierarchy process; Electronic Banking; Trust; Features of Trust |
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16. |
Performance measurement of administration services using balance scorecard and Kano model
, Pages: 703-706 Abolfazl Danaei, Mohammad Hemmati and Marziye Mardani PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper performs a survey to measure the performance of an administration unit in Iran based on a popular technique of balance scorecard. The study also uses Kano model to prioritize various factors and to provide necessary recommendation to improve the performance of different units. The survey has indicated that while these offices do well in terms of financial figures as well as customer perspective, they perform poorly in terms of learning and growth. According to our survey, it is essential to use information technology in general service offices, properly. In addition, these administrative agencies need to use hardware and software packages, more efficiently and these two basic items have received much attraction. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.022 Keywords: Balance scorecard; Administration offices; BSC; Kano model |
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17. |
Investigating the effects of various factors on bank deposits
, Pages: 707-712 Mohammad Khodaei Valahzaghard and Seyyedeh Masoumeh Kashfi PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper performs an investigation on the effects of seven variables including growth domestic product, financial deepening, inflation rate, dependency burden, the number of bank’s branches, inflation rates given/charged on bank deposit. The study has been performed on one of Iranian banks named Sina Bank over the period 2006-2011. The implementation of individual regression analysis has detected a positive and meaningful relationship between growth domestic product, financial deepening, inflation rate and the number of branches on one side and bank deposit on the other side. In addition, the study has confirmed a negative and meaningful relationship between two variables of dependency burden as well as interest charged on bank’s clients and bank deposit. However, the result of our survey does not indicate that there was any relationship between interest rate paid to customers and bank deposit. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.021 Keywords: Bank deposit; Growth domestic products; Financial deepening; Banking industry; Interest rate |
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18. |
Investigating the effective factors on electronic trade by viral marketing
, Pages: 713-720 Nina Ghane, Hamid Reza Shokrizadeh, Maryam Omidvar and Hoseyn Comyab PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper performs an investigation to explore a number of strategies underpinning virtual marketing. The study also provides several suggestions for marketers seeking to use viral marketing to position brands or to change a brand’s image, to encourage new product trials and to increase product uptake rates. In this article, we investigate the effect of external factors such as capturing the imagination, targeting credible sources, leveraging combinations of technology and easy to use product on virtual marketing. In addition, the study considers internal factors such as inclusion (the need to be part of a group, the need to be different) and affection on viral marketing. The survey has been accomplished among 140 Iranian people, who were familiar with virtual marketing and they are selected, randomly. Using Pearson correlation as well as regression analysis, the study provides some evidences that there were some positive and meaningful relationship between some internal/external factors and virtual marketing. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.020 Keywords: Virtual marketing; Internet; e-business |
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19. |
A survey on relationship between intellectual capital and organizational innovation: A case study of banking industry
, Pages: 721-724 Gholam Panahandeh and Ahmad Ahmadkhani PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the relationship between intellectual capital and organizational innovation in an Iranian bank named Ghavamin located in city of Zanjan, Iran. The proposed study uses a questionnaire introduced by Bontis [Bontis, N. (1999). Managing organisational knowledge by diagnosing intellectual capital: framing and advancing the state of the field. International Journal of technology management, 18(5), 433-462.] for measuring the effect of intellectual capital and designs a questionnaire to measure organizational innovation. The questionnaires are distributed among 40 randomly selected managers and regular employees and using Pearson correlation as well as stepwise regression model, the study has detected positive and meaningful relationship between intellectual capital and organizational innovation. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.019 Keywords: Intellectual capital; Organizational innovation; Ghavamin bank |
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20. |
A survey on the effects of knowledge management on organizational learning: A case study of technical and vocational training organization
, Pages: 725-728 Naser Azad, Esmaeil Mehrabi Majolan and Vahid Peej PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the effects of knowledge management on organizational learning. The study is held in headquarter of technical and vocational training organization in city of Tehran, Iran. The proposed study measures the effects of concept of management, management, knowledge tools, measurement, change management and knowledge content on organizational learning. The study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale and selects a sample of 313 people randomly from 1680 people who work for this organization in city of Tehran, Iran. Using structural equation modeling, the study has detected a positive and meaningful relationship with knowledge management on organizational learning. In our survey, knowledge content is the most important factor followed by change management. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.018 Keywords: Knowledge management; Organizational learning; Focus strategy; Relationship-oriented marketing |
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21. |
A survey on the effects of aggressive marketing, price leadership and product focus on marketing channels in relationship-oriented marketing
, Pages: 729-732 Ali Ghanbarzad Alireza Moghadasi and Yahya Dadashkarimi PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: In this paper, we have performed a survey to study the effects of aggressive marketing, price leadership and product focus on marketing channels in relationship-oriented marketing. The study adopts a model developed earlier by Rokkan and Haugland (2002) [Rokkan, A. I., & Haugland, S. A. (2002). Developing relational exchange: effectiveness and power. European Journal of Marketing, 36(1/2), 211-230.]. The study has been executed among all managers of a firm named PET Technologies. There were 30 managers working for the proposed case study of this paper and we have designed a questionnaire in Likert scale and distributed it among all managers of this firm. Cronbach alpha is calculated as 0.931, which is well above the minimum acceptable level of 0.70. The results have confirmed that all thee marketing strategies influence on relationship-oriented marketing, positively. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.017 Keywords: Aggressive marketing; Price leadership; Focus strategy; Relationship-oriented marketing |
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22. |
A survey on existing challenges of BSC implementation for performance measurement
, Pages: 733-738 Behdad Gitinejad and Mohammad Ali Keramati PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: The balanced scorecard (BSC) is a strategic oriented tool used comprehensively in profit and nonprofit organizations all over the world to synchronize routine processes of organizations to the mission and strategy, improve inner and outter communications, control organization performance toward strategic targets. BSC has emerged from a simple performance measurement framework to a comprehensive strategic management system. It changes an organization’s strategic plan from a passive document to an active guideline for the organization on a daily basis and provides a helpful assistance that not only enables performance measurements, but also helps planners identify what should be accomplished and measured. This study focuses on how BSC is adopted as a tool for measuring effectiveness of strategy implementation in these organizations. This study adapts the BSC as a powerful tool for reaching an organization’s performance in four significant areas: Financial perspective, Customer-Market perspective, Internal Processes perspective and Learning & Growth perspective. The results suggest that governmental organizations are somehow successful in achieving their objectives in various degrees. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.016 Keywords: Balanced scorecard; BSC; Strategy management; Performance management; Governmental sector |
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23. |
Measuring the relationship between equity and intellectual capital
, Pages: 739-742 Mahmoud Bani, Abolfazl Bani, Marziyeh Pourbagher, Maryam Taghavi and Mina Mansourian PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: Human resources play essential role on the success of many organizations and it is essential to learn more about the effects of human capital on the success of business units. This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the relationship between equity and intellectual capital among stocks listed on Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2001-2007. Using Pearson correlation test, the study selects a sample of 77 firms and investigates the relationship between equity and three components of intellectual capital, namely; human capital, structural capital and customer capital. The study has detected a positive and meaningful relationship between equity and all components of the survey (α = 5%). DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.015 Keywords: Tehran Stock Exchange; Intellectual capital; Human capital; Structural capital |
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24. |
An investigation on the effects of supply chain management on improvement of firms’ financial performance
, Pages: 743-746 Mohammad Mokhtari and Abutorab Alirezaie PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: Supply chain management plays essential role on improvement of the efficiency of production systems. It helps firms meet their expectations, deliver their products on time and build a good brand. This paper performs an empirical investigation to study the effect of good relationships among various suppliers on financial figures in an Iranian automaker. The proposed study investigates the effects of seven variables including communication, cooperation, commitment, compatibility, organization climate, dependency and trust on two financial figures including return on assets and return on equities. Using structural equation modeling, the study detects that communication, dependency and trust influence positively on return on assets. In addition, communication, cooperation, trust and commitment have positive impact on return on equities. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.014 Keywords: Supply chain management; Trust; Financial performance; Saipa group |
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25. |
Key factors in the successful implementation of enterprise resource planning system
, Pages: 747-752 Farajollah Rahnavard and Nahid Bozorgkhou PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: Enterprise Resource Planning Systems (ERP) are considered as the newest and most effective tools of enterprise resource planning and include an interconnected information, management and engineering system that meets all the needs of an organization. ERP implementation is costly and time-consuming and makes fundamental change in the process, if not implemented correctly it will cause challenges in most parts of the organization and will certainly fail. Therefore, the identification of key success factors in implementing ERP helps organizations avoid the loss of the project. This research aims to identify key success factors for ERP by examining 185 managers, professionals, experts of the Information and Communication Technology Institute associated with the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology of Iran. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Findings from exploratory factor analysis indicate that five factors: 1) user friendliness, flexible and consistency 2) establishment of project management; 3) alignment with user needs; 4) Management of organizational changes, and 5) observing the principles of successful implementation of ERP affect the institute and the corresponding suggestions are proposed consistent with these findings. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.013 Keywords: Enterprise Resource Planning system; Flexibility; Project management; Alignment; Change management and design principles |
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26. |
Identifying and prioritizing different factors influencing the success of advertisement during the economic depression
, Pages: 753-758 Aram Rashidi and Meitham Jafari Eskandari PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: During the financial crisis of 2007, many businesses and banks faced unexpected circumstances and declared bankruptcy. Market mortgage crisis and the collapse of the economic system in United States created a substantial amount of damage in world economy. Within a few years, the economic downturn was transferred to developing countries such as Iran. The recession has created conditions for Iranian companies that have led them to focus more on the subject of advertising since this is the primary tool of communication and business customers business. Success and failure of many organizations and companies depend on their advertisement planning. In this study, the factors contributing to the success and effectiveness of advertising during the recession time are identified. This survey has been accomplished on investigating an Iranian dairy firm named “Kalle”. Using a questionnaire in Likert scale, the study determines the effects of various factors of advertisement on sales improvement in this firm using Pearson correlation ratio and rank them based on Freedman test. Cronbach alpha has been calculated as 0.93. According to the results, factors that contribute to the success of advertising during a recession include: Responsiveness to customers’ needs, advertising tools, content factors, the amount of money spent and availability. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.012 Keywords: Economic depression; Advertising; Responsiveness; Availability; Customer behavior |
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27. |
Determinants of Iranian bank profitability
, Pages: 759-764 Hassan Ghodrati and Mohammad Ghasemi PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: Banks are the most important tool for preparing and supplying money in each country. In recent years, by institution of the new private banks and privatization of the governmental banks, banking competition has become very complex. This paper performs an empirical investigation to study the effects of different factors on return on assets and return on equities on 18 selected Iranian firms over the period 2002-2011. Using different regression models, the study studies the effects of total assets, debt ratio, etc. on return of assets (ROA) and return on equities (ROE) on selected eighteen Iranian banks as statistical community. The study considers total assets, ownership ratio, deposits to assets ratio, and loans to assets ratio as independent variables, and ROE and ROA as dependent variables. The results indicate that the private banks returns were better than governmental banks and the commercial banks’ returns were better than special banks. There is a reverse relationship between logarithm of total assets and ownership ratio with profitability based on return of assets. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.011 Keywords: Return of Assets; Return of Equity; Profitability; Iranian Banks |
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28. |
An investigation on different factors influencing firm’s value: Evidence from Tehran Stock Exchange
, Pages: 765-770 Hassan Ghodrati and Seyed Reza Ghazi Fini PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical investigation to evaluate the relationship among firms’ performances including cash, management efficiency and profitability. The proposed study considers eight components of current ratio, acid-test ratio, properties turnover, receivables collection period, earnings per shares, assets flow, return on assets and return on equities. The study selects some firms from Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2007-2011. Using Spearman correlation ratio as well as regression technique, the study has determined that there was a weak and positive correlation between cash conditions and the firms’ value. In addition, there is a reverse relationship between receivables collection period and the firms’ value. The study has also found some weak relationship between firms’ value and other management efficiency components. Finally, the study has detected some weak and direct relationship between the profitability and firms’ value. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.010 Keywords: The value of the firm; Profitability components; Cash condition; Management efficiency |
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29. |
An investigation on the role of organizational climate on organizational citizenship behavior
, Pages: 771-774 Mahsan Hajirasouliha, Elham Agha Alikhani, Ashkan Faraji, Saba Kamali, Hosseinali Aziziha and Seyed Shahab Mousavi PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical study to investigate the effect of organizational climate on organizational citizenship behavior in one of Iranian automakers. The proposed study uses a standard questionnaire for measuring organizational citizenship behavior, which is adopted from Podsakoff et al. (2000) [Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of management, 26(3), 513-563.]. The study also uses another questionnaire, which measures organizational climate, which is adopted from Arabacı (2010) [Arabacı, I. B. (2010). Academic and administration personnel's perceptions of organizational climate (Sample of Educational Faculty of Fırat University). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 4445-4450.] and both questionnaires are designed in Likert scale. Cronbach alphas for organizational citizenship behavior and organizational climate are measured as 0.78 and 0.84, respectively, which are above the acceptance level of 0.70. Therefore, we can confirm the validity of both questionnaires. The study is implemented among 200 experts in Iranian automaker, randomly and using Spearman correlation ratio as well as stepwise regression techniques, the study has detected a meaningful relationship between components of organizational climate and organizational citizenship behavior. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.009 Keywords: Organizational climate; Organizational citizenship behavior; Sipa Group |
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30. |
An investigation on the effect of central bank money injection on creating currency crisis
, Pages: 775-778 Nazi Mohamadzadeh Asl and Leila Jamshidi PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper investigates the effects of different factors influencing on supplement of currency in Iran and the likelihood of currency crises. The study implements two methods of Logit and Probit to determine the likelihood of currency crises based on the historical data over the period 1989-2012. In this study, currency crisis is defined in terms of three variables of currency change on market, interest rate and central bank foreign deposits. The results of the study indicate that the ratio of government (non-government) liabilities to central bank/Growth domestic product (GDP) has positive (negative) relationship with currency crises. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.008 Keywords: Currency crisis; Logit and Probit models; Government liabilities |
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31. |
A study on important factors influencing on the success of human resources management
, Pages: 779-782 Mostafa Mahouti, Masoumeh Sadat Abtahi and Ahmad Sardari PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper investigates the effects of three factors of courtesy, generosity and responsibility on human resources development (HRM) in one of Iranian auto industries based on Yoon method [Yoon, C. (2009). The effects of organizational citizenship behaviors on ERP system success. Computers in Human Behavior, 25(2), 421-428.]. The study considers whether having a good sense of responsibility improves the quality of information in HRM. It also investigates whether having good courtesy as well as excellence improve HRM and finally the study investigates the effect of excellence on improving innovation in the area of information technology. Using structural equation modeling, the study confirms all hypotheses of the survey and the implementation of Freedman test confirms that courtesy plays the most important effect followed by having a good generosity and responsibility. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.007 Keywords: Human resources management; Responsibility; Excellence; Innovation |
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32. |
Measuring intellectual performance
, Pages: 783-788 Masoud Samad Zadeh PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the status of intellectual capital at Islamic Azad Univeristy, Qods branch. The survey uses the questionnaire developed by Roos and Roos (1997) [Roos, G., & Roos, J. (1997). Measuring your company's intellectual performance. Long range planning, 30(3), 413-426.]. The results have detected that human capital, structural capital and physical capital are within desirable level although physical capital plays the most important role followed by structural capital and human capital. The survey did not find any evidence to believe that participants’ personal characteristics had any impact on our survey. Finally, the study has detected positive relationship among three components of the survey. In terms of physical capital, our participants believed that university officials must increase the speed of internet. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.006 Keywords: Intellectual capital; Structural capital; Human capital; Physical capital |
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33. |
Investigating critical success factors in tile industry
, Pages: 789-794 Davood Salmani, Gholam Reza Taleghani, Maryam Mollaali and Arezoo Salmani PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical investigation to determine critical success factors influencing the success of tile industry in Iran. The study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale, distributes it among some experts in tile industry. Using Pearson correlation test, the study has detected that there was a positive and meaningful relationship between marketing planning and the success of tile industry (r = 0.312 Sig. = 0.001). However, there is not any meaningful relationship between low cost production and success of tile industry (r = 0.13 Sig. = 0.12) and, there is a positive and meaningful relationship between organizational capabilities and success of tile industry (r = 0.635 Sig. = 0.000). Finally, our investigation states that technology and distributing systems also influence on the success of tile industry, positively. The study has also used five regression analyses where the success of tile industry was the dependent variable and marketing planning, low cost production and organizational capabilities are independent variables and the results have confirmed some positive and meaningful relationship between the successes of tile industry with all independent variables. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.005 Keywords: Organizational capabilities; Critical success factors; Marketing planning; Low cost production |
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34. |
Financial repression, financial deepening and their effects on Iranian industrial development
, Pages: 795-798 Farzaneh Zare and Iman Jokar PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This research analyzes the effects of financial deepening as well as repression on industrial development in Iran. Using some time series data, the proposed study applies the method originally introduced by Johansen and Juselius (1990) [Johansen, S., & Juselius, K. (1990). Maximum likelihood estimation and inference on cointegration—with applications to the demand for money. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and statistics, 52(2), 169-210.] to measure the effects of these two factors on market development over the period 1970-2011. The results indicate that as the bank deposit increases, we may expect an increase on financial deepening and market development. On the other hand, as inflation increases, we could easily verify market repression and a reduction on market development. In addition, when there was an increase on loans dedicated to private sector, there was an increase on market development. Finally, there were some evidences to believe that currency devaluation could hurt market development by increasing the price of raw materials and market uncertainty. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.004 Keywords: Financial repression; Financial deepening; Industrial development |
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35. |
Analyzing the effects of information technology on supply chain integration: The role of ERP success mediator
, Pages: 799-806 Samaneh Alimohamadian and Farshid Abdi PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This research analyzes the effects of Information Technology (IT) on Supply Chain Integration (SCI) through ERP mediator by proposing a conceptual model among these components. We also hypothesize that three constructs of IT influence on enterprise resource planning (ERP) success and one construct of ERP success influences on SCI. To clarify the relationships among the constructs, structural equation model (SEM) is conducted to examine the model fit and seven hypotheses. The data was collected from three Iranian firms through questionnaire with 23 questions adopted by past researches. The results confirmed that top management support of IT and employees’ general IT skills factors of IT enhance ERP success, and ERP success positively influences on Supply Chain Integration, so these two IT factors influence Supply Chain Integration through ERP success. Our data unsupported negative impact of satisfaction with legacy IT system on ERP success. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.003 Keywords: Supply Chain Integration; Information Technology; ERP; SEM |
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36. |
Hydropolitics and hydrology issues in Hirmand/Helmand international river basin
, Pages: 807-812 Azim Shirdeli PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical study to find the steady state of Hirmand/Helmand international basin. Using Markov chain method and by considering seven states including very dry, dry, semi-dry, average, semi-wet, wet and very wet, the proposed study uses historical data over the period 1952-1997 and determines the steady state of the region. The results of the survey indicate that the likelihood of having very dry, dry, semi-dry, average, semi-wet, wet and very wet states are 10.4, 27.6, 9.5, 17.5, 18.5, 11.1 and 5.4 percent, respectively. In other words, there is a chance of 47.5% for having dry or very dry state, 35% for having semi and very wet and a likelihood of 17.5% for having normal condition. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.002 Keywords: Hirmand river basin; Hydrology; Hydro policy |
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37. |
Examining the relationship between the intellectual capital and the staff performance
, Pages: 813-818 Masoud Samad Zadeh PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical investigation to examine the relationship between the intellectual capital and staff performance of the Islamic Azad University of Qods city in Iran. The statistical universe in this research includes 8000 staff, students and faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Qods city. The proposed study takes a sample of 340 students and faculty members to evaluate staff performance. The proposed study designs a questionnaire in two parts including intellectual capital and performance measurement and Cronbach alphas for these two parts are 0.889 and 0.906, respectively. The proposed study uses Pearson correlation test to examine the hypotheses. Based on the results of our survey, there is a positive and meaningful relationship between intellectual capital and performance of the employees. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.2.001 Keywords: Intellectual capital; Performance measurement; Islamic Azad University |
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38. |
A survey on critical factors influencing organizational commitment
, Pages: 819-822 Hamidreza Kheirkhah Seyed Mohsen SeyedAliAkbar and Kiamars Fathi PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: Organizational commitment is an important issue and organization attitude has become an area of study among many researchers in the fields of organizational behavior. In fact, there are many studies on human resource management where the effects of organizational commitment on other issues have been investigated and the purpose of this research is to find critical factors influencing on organizational commitment. Based on an exploration of the literature review and interviews, the proposed study of this paper extracts 24 variables and using factor analysis, we select the most important factors, which are grouped in four categories. The implementation of our factor analysis has revealed Affective commitment, Continuous commitment, Moral commitment and Enduring commitment are the most important factors influencing organizational commitment. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.1.038 Keywords: Organizational commitment; Affective commitment; Continuous commitment; Moral commitment; Enduring commitment; Factor analysis |
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39. |
The relationship between operating risk and accounting conservatism: Evidence from Iranian banking industry
, Pages: 823-828 Mehdi Taghavi, Mohammad Khodaei Valahzaghard and Akram Ahmadloo PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between operational risk and accounting conservatism. The criterion used for operational risk in this study is asset volatility and for accounting conservatism, we use Ball and Shivakumar (2005) model [Ball, R., & Shivakumar, L. (2005). Earnings quality in UK private firms: comparative loss recognition timeliness. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 39(1), 83-128.], which analyzes accounting from balance sheet sight. The statistical society used in this study is taken from 15 banks in Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2006-2012. The research result demonstrates that there was a negative relationship between operational risk and accounting conservatism. In other words, there is a significant negative relationship between operational risk and accounting conservatism. Hence, the results suggest that with an increase (decrease) in operational risk, accounting conservatism decreases (increases). DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.1.037 Keywords: Operating Risk; Accounting Conservatism; Asset Volatility |
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40. |
Analyzing how to reduce financial reliance of retirement organization of municipality of Tehran on financial assistance of municipality
, Pages: 829-832 Asadollah Afshary and Mohammad Sadegh Mohagheghynia PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: Pension funds play essential role on retirements of people who work for governmental and private organizations and it is always important to reduce any existing risks associated with pension funds. This paper presents an empirical investigation to learn on how to reduce financial reliance of a particular pension fund associated with municipality of Tehran. The proposed study designs a questionnaire in Likert scale, distributes it among some experts and using Spearman correlation technique analyzes the results. The results have revealed that changing and reforming the investment methods could influence the financial independence. In addition, the effect of government major policies, the expertise of managers and other economic levers should not be ignored. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.1.036 Keywords: Pension funds; Retirement plan; Municipality |
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41. |
Investigating the effects of counseling programs on runaway youth
, Pages: 833-836 Mohammad Reza Iravani and Hossein Ebrhaimzadeh Asmin PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: This paper presents an empirical investigation to study the effects of counseling programs on reducing the runaway youth in Iran. The study selects a sample of 30 students and divides them into two groups of control and experiment. The first group is kept under eight sessions of social skills training and a questionnaire consists of various questions including confidence items is distributed among both groups after the training ends. The implementation of Kolmogorov-Smirnov has revealed that both pre and post-test data are normally distributed. In addition, the result of ANOVA test has revealed that training program could significantly improve runaway youth’s confidence. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.1.035 Keywords: Runaway; Counseling programs; Youth |
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42. |
An investigation on the effect of emotional management problems on children's anxiety
, Pages: 837-840 Afrooz Afshari, Hamid Taher Neshat Doost, Sholeh Amiri, Mozhgan Kar Ahmadi and Mohammad Reza Marasy PDF (296 K) |
Abstract: Today’s research on emotion regulation reveals its importance on many mental and physical heath related issues. One of the problems to deregulation of emotions is anxiety disorders subject. The aim of this research is to identify the relationship between emotional management problems including emotional inhibition, emotional deregulation and emotional coping on children’s anxiety symptoms, where it includes separation anxiety, social anxiety, panic disorder, school phobia and generalized anxiety symptoms. The sample was consisted of 307 primary students including boy and girl aged between 9-13 years old in city of Isfahan selected by simple random sampling. The instruments were Screen for Child Anxiety Related Disorders (SCARED), child Sadness Management Scale (CSMS) and child Anger Management Scale (CAMS). The results shows that problems of children in management of anger and sadness consist of anger and sadness inhibition; anger and sadness deregulation predicts anxiety symptoms in children (p<0.0001). However, emotional coping could not predict children's anxiety symptoms, significantly. In addition, deregulation and inhibition of sadness and anger predicts anxiety in children. DOI: 10.5267/j.msl.2014.1.034 Keywords: Anxiety symptoms; Emotion inhibition; Emotional coping; Emotional deregulation; Children |
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