Abstract: The impact of teacher leadership and curriculum on the effectiveness of learning technology utilization and the quality of e-learning has been proven by research. The study included 165 samples of teachers from Halang Island, Riau, Indonesia. Respondents are certified teachers with a minimum of ten years of experience, as determined by the purposive sampling method. Respondents completed a research questionnaire, which was used to collect data. Data ws proceeded with Smart PLS software, including validity, reliability, and hypothesis testing. The study's findings demonstrated that teacher leadership and curriculum directly impacted the effectiveness of learning technology utilization. The quality of e-learning was directly influenced by teacher leadership, curriculum, and the effectiveness of learning technology utilization. Finally, teacher leadership and curriculum impacted e-learning quality through the effectiveness of learning technology utilization. This study suggests two points. First, if you want to improve the effectiveness of learning technology utilization, the policy priority should be to update and then improve teacher leadership. Second, increasing the effectiveness of learning technology utilization is a policy priority if you want to improve the quality of e-learning. It was followed by curriculum updates and increased teacher leadership.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The paradigm shift in local government financial management necessitates a change in the perspective of government officials, viewing them as financial managers. This study explores the intriguing aspect of assessing managerial performance, particularly in government organizations. The uniformity in reward structures, such as salary and benefits, irrespective of different workloads, adds to the interest in this investigation. To analyze these factors, a quantitative approach with Partial Least Squares (PLS) as an analytical tool and path analysis for mediation examination is employed. The target population for this study comprises employees from the planning division of the Central Sulawesi Government. A saturated sample is used as the sampling technique. Data collection involves distributing 180 questionnaires to gather relevant information. The results of this study reveal several important findings. Firstly, it tests the hypothesis that electronic participatory budgeting does not have a direct effect on work tension. Secondly, it demonstrates that budget emphasis has a direct effect on work tension. Thirdly, it concludes that work tension does not have a direct effect on managerial performance. Additionally, the study indicates that job tension does not mediate the effect of electronic participatory budgeting on managerial performance. However, work tensions are found to mediate the influence of budgetary emphasis on managerial performance.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study investigates the factors that influence the sharing of information on social media platforms and examines the effects of perceived security, perceived privacy, and user awareness on users' trust in social media platforms, as well as the moderating effects of age, gender, educational attainment, and internet proficiency on information sharing. The study collected data from 837 social media users in Jordan and analyzed them using structural equation modeling (SEM), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and machine learning (ML) methods. The findings of the study indicate that perceived security, perceived privacy, and user awareness all have a significant impact on users' trust in social media platforms. Trust, in turn, has a significant impact on the amount of information shared on these platforms. Also, the findings of this study provide valuable insights into the dynamics of information sharing on social networks. This knowledge will be of interest to managers, policymakers, and developers of social media platforms. In addition, the findings of the study also have implications for the privacy and security of social media users. For example, social media users can be more careful about the information they share on social media platforms, and they can take steps to protect their privacy.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study set out to find out on how big data analytics, workload, work wages, and organizational structure pressures affect employee job performance and overall business performance in the Jordan banking sector in the context of that country's banking sector. 292 samples from the research study were collected, analyzed, and debated to test the study's hypotheses. Employee and company success were found to be affected by workload, compensation, and organizational structure. Workload was reflected by job completion rate, average daily issues, and work completion time, while big data was reflected by external and internal, unique application, indexing, and source correctness. Work compensation, including employee compensation, employee experience and skill, and employee incentives and rewards, is the third primary factor. Communities of practice, group work, and physical infrastructure make up the fourth and last important factor, the organization's structure. The study finds that when dealing with large amounts of data, reducing the workload can improve employee performance, increasing employee motivation through higher wages and bonuses can improve performance, and having an organizational structure that promotes teamwork and work teams can improve employees' abilities to solve problems and improve work performance, which in turn affects overall productivity. This study contributes fresh information to an emerging field that requires more investigation to fully understand the interplay between big data, workload, work wages, and organizational structure pressures. The topic of this study, the Jordan banking sector, is both innovative and highly relevant because it may help financial institutions enhance their operations and provide superior customer service.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The goal of this study is to evaluate the way digital marketing (DM) works in increasing customer satisfaction (CS) and brand loyalty (BL) at the Saudi Arabian Restaurants. The study uses 7 variables for analysis such as Service quality satisfaction (SQS) Digital engagement satisfaction (DES) Recommendation Likelihood (RL) Digital Promotions (DP) Online Presence Perception (OPP) Promotions Effectiveness (PE) Social Media Engagement (SME). Data from customers using digital media has been gathered through questionnaires. 410 respondents provided the data, which was then examined using SPSS and AMOS. The study will give management the knowledge they need to modify procedures and train employees in order to satisfy customers and promote BL. Future research can be done across several corporate sectors and cultural contexts. The premise for this study is provided by this paper, which also offers managers useful guidance regarding how to train employees to increase consumer satisfaction and BL.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This research aims to present the Hybrid SSA-TBATS approach as an alternate forecasting technique that does not need specific assumptions or requirements such as stationarity, linear or nonlinear process, and normality. This analysis used Indonesian exports (in millions of USD) from January 1993 to July 2022. The findings of this research reveal that the Hybrid SSA-TBATS method outperforms SSA and TBATS in forecasting accuracy and defines the window length and number of groups. Therefore, it is highly recommended based on MAPE since it does not need any information on the characteristics of the data to be forecasted.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Thanks to technological advancements in finance, Islamic banking might surely spread throughout developing nations and become more viable in the financial industry. The present investigation aims to thoroughly explore the impact of fintech upon Islamic banks and also investigate how fintech facilities affect Islamic banks performance within Jordan. A strategy known as a quantitative-descriptive inquiry was used in the inquiry. This study made use of yearly data (a panel data) that was collected from banking organizations using statistics based on yearly reports provided by Jordan Islamic bank, Safwa Islamic Bank and International Arab Islamic Bank listed alongside the Amman Stock Exchange between 2017 and 2021. The study discovered that financial performance of Islamic Banks was significantly impacted by Fintech services including online banking along with mobile banking. The increased beta value predicts that between 2017 to 2021, the financial prosperity of Arab Islamic International Bank, Jordan Islamic Bank, and Safwa Islamic Bank would be positively correlated with Fintech services. Additionally, it was discovered that SMS Financing and crowdsourcing had a detrimental impact on Islamic Banks financial performance. The investigation concludes by recommending that Islamic banking included in the study step up their attempts to educate the public about Islamic banking facilities.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study is done to identify the impact of promotion on the purchase intentions of video games in Jordan. The independent variables used to test promotion were trailers, discounts, influencers/streamers, and social media. The data were collected by using a survey designed on google forms sent or using a Quick Response (QR) code to random gamers in Jordan. 129 people responded to the survey. The data were coded on SPSS and reliability, validity, and correlation among variables were confirmed, then the hypotheses were tested by multiple regressions. The researcher found a statistically significant impact of promotional tools on purchase intentions of the video gaming industry in Jordan, where trailers have the highest significant positive effect on purchase intentions, followed by social media, then influencers/streamers, while discounts do not significantly affect purchase intentions of video games in Jordan. Some limitations and recommendations for future research have been provided at the end of the research.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Dental caries is arguably the most persistent dental condition that affects most people over their lives. Carious lesions are commonly diagnosed by dentists using clinical and visual examination along with oral radiographs. In many circumstances, dental caries is challenging to detect with photography and might be mistaken as shadows for various reasons, including poor photo quality. However, with the introduction of Artificial Intelligence and robotic systems in dentistry, photographs can be a helpful tool in oral epidemiological research for the assessment of dental caries prevalence among the population. It can be used particularly to create a new automated approach to calculate DMF (Decay, Missing, Filled) index score. In this paper, an autonomous diagnostic approach for detecting dental cavities in photos is developed using deep learning algorithms and ensemble methods. The proposed technique employs a set of pretrained models including Xception, VGG16, VGG19, and DenseNet121 to extract essential characteristics from photographs and to classify images as either normal or caries. Then, two ensemble learning methods, E- majority and E-sum, are employed based on majority voting and sum rule to boost the performances of the individual pretrained model. Experiments are conducted on 50 images with data augmentation for normal and caries images, the employed E-majority and E-sum achieved an accuracy score of 96% and 97%, respectively. The obtained results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed ensemble framework in the detection of caries. Furthermore, this framework is a step toward constructing a fully automated, efficient decision support system to be used in the dentistry area.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The main objectives of this research are to identify significant spatial and temporal compo-nents associated with diarrhea and provide an accurate forecast. Using data from the Ban-dung city health surveillance system, the analysis reveals a decreasing trend in both the number of incidences and the estimated relative risks of diarrhea in most districts. Key fac-tors contributing to diarrhea variation include temporally structured, spatially structured, and unstructured effects of space-time interaction Type I. No clear seasonal pattern is observed in diarrhea incidence among children under five, emphasizing the need for consistent vigilance and preventive measures. Spatial clustering was observed in the eastern and western parts of Bandung city. The forecasting model predicts a continued decline in diarrhea incidence and relative risk throughout 2022.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The topic of robots is gaining traction in both academic discourse and popular media due to their growing prevalence in the hospitality sector. The hospitality industry is likely to encounter practical challenges in adopting the increased use of robots. The primary objective of the present research was to conduct an empirical investigation into a theoretical framework that explores how employees view robot-caused unemployment, with particular attention given to their perceptions of robot adoption. The study utilised structural equation modelling to analyse data obtained from 401 service employees in Jordan through online questionnaires. The findings indicate that the perception of robot-induced unemployment among employees is significantly influenced by their social skills, perceived risk, awareness, and trust in using service robots. The present study established a theoretical framework for investigating user perceptions of robot-induced unemployment within the particular setting of hospitality robots. The findings offer valuable insights for guiding future development and research efforts in the hotel service robot industry as well as informing marketing strategies for hotel managers. Ultimately, these efforts may contribute to the sustainable growth of service robots and associated sectors, including the hotel service sector.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: In dynamic socio-economic environments, public sector organizations and companies with strong financial resilience are better equipped to adapt to economic changes, socio-economic fluctuations, and shifts in the business landscape with greater flexibility. Financial resilience also has implications for an organization's liquidity. One of the critical factors influencing financial resilience in public sector organizations is the quality of its audit. Ensuring high-quality audits is vital for assessing the accuracy and reliability of an organization's financial statements. This study aims to investigate the impact of audit quality and internal control on financial security, with information quality serving as a mediating factor. Quantitative research methods were employed to collect and statistically analyze the data. The study gathered information through questionnaires distributed to the Auditors of the Supreme Audit Board, with a sample size of 321 participants. The data was then processed using SmartPLS software. The research findings demonstrate a significant relationship between audit quality and internal control, positively influencing the organization’s financial resilience. Furthermore, the study reveals that information quality acts as a crucial mediator, linking audit quality and internal control to financial security. The analysis shows that audit quality significantly affects information quality. However, the direct impact of audit quality on financial resilience is not significant. On the other hand, internal control significantly influences both information quality and the organization’s financial resilience. Additionally, the quality of information also has a significant effect on the organization’s financial resilience.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study investigated the relationship between the digital gap and the intention of Jordanians towards e-government usage. It focused on three components of the digital divide namely access, skills, and innovativeness. In addition, the research investigated how socio-demographic factors influence this connection. Data comprised 620 valid replies to questionnaires issued to 700 Jordanian citizens aged 22 and older who resided in urban and rural areas. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) version 24 were employed in data analyses and hypotheses testing. The results showed that all three aspects of the digital divide had a significant influence (access, skills, and innovativeness) on the intent of Jordanian citizens to utilize e-government, and the dimension of access imparted the strongest impact, followed by the dimension of skills and then the dimension of innovativeness. Additionally, it was discovered that gender, age, and education were the socio-demographic factors that could weaken the impact of the digital divide on the intentions of user to access e-government services. Contrariwise, the factor of income did not show a similar impact. Furthermore, perceived security significantly impacted the propensity towards e-government usage. Trust played a significant role in mediating the link between perceived security and the intention to engage in e-government.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Nonhomogeneous Continuous-Time Markov Chain (NH-CTMC) is a stochastic process that can be used to model problems where the future state depends only on the current state and is independent of the past. The transition intensity in NH-CTMC is not constant but is a function of time. In this paper, NH-CTMC is employed to model information dissemination on Twitter, where transitions occur only from followee groups to follower groups. Information is considered spread on Twitter when followers retweet posts from their followees. The tweet-retweet process on Twitter satisfies the Markov property, as a retweet from a follower depends only on the tweet posted just before by the corresponding followee. The probability of a tweet spreading is determined by the transition intensity, assumed to be a Sigmoid function whose parameters are estimated using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). This method is applied to Twitter data from Indonesia related to discussions on Covid-19 vaccination. The results indicate that information about Covid-19 vaccination on Twitter spreads rapidly from followees to followers in the first 20 hours, and then slows down after 40 hours. The NH-CTMC model outperforms the Homogeneous Continuous-Time Markov Chain (H-CTMC) approach, where the transition intensity (tweet spreading intensity) is assumed to be constant.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Cordyceps are a form of herb that is nurtured and propagated utilizing organic farming techniques. This study investigated consumers’ intention towards adopting the organic herb cordyceps, also referred to as “Thungchao” in Thai language. The research was driven by increased health awareness among people, and skewness towards use of organic as compared to conventional medication. In Thailand, the herb has been consumed traditionally for years, because of its medical benefits. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was applied to investigate the outcomes of users’ perceptions (perceived experience with organic product, perceived health benefit, information awareness) and TPB aspects (subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, attitude towards organic herb) to examine intentions of consumers’ towards adopting codyceps. The research collected primary data from 452 Thai respondents. Collected data were evaluated utilizing Structural Equation Modeling analysis. Results revealed that for the perceived customers’ experience, intention to use organic herb cordyceps was positively and significantly influenced by perceived experience with organic hers and information awareness. All the TPB variables – subjective norm, perceived behavior control, and attitude towards organic herbs – significantly and positively influence consumers’ intention towards organic herb cordyceps. The research recommended that organic herb cordyceps “Thungchao” has many medical benefits, and its consumption should be encouraged. Information awareness and sharing of the knowledge of the herb’s medical requirement and benefits, resources and dosage are necessary to encourage or rather influence consumers intention.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Online shopping has developed rapidly in Indonesia since the Covid-19 outbreak, making potential customers frequently browse e-commerce. In e-commerce there is a social commerce construct which is a construction originating from social commerce such as online reviews. Depth from online reviews on a product cannot necessarily be trusted and prospective customers also cannot use other people's experiences as an assessment of product quality. Customer review also considers perceived value from a utilitarian and hedonic perspective. Therefore, this study analyzes the effect of perceived value on browsing behavior in C2C e-commerce with the antecedent depth of review in Indonesia. This study uses SOR (stimulus-organism-response) theory. The population of this study are individuals who live in Indonesia and have done shopping online in one commerce which has facilities online review such as Tokopedia, Blibli, Amazon, Alibaba, and JD.ID. Sampling technique nonprobability sampling by using techniques convenience sampling total 137 samples. The data collection method uses the survey method, while the data analysis method used is PLS-SEM. The results of the study show that depth review affects perceived utilitarian and hedonic values, and perceived utilitarian and hedonic values also affect browsing. Thus, all hypotheses are accepted, which means that there is an influence of perceived value on browsing behavior in C2C e-commerce with an antecedent of review depth. This research can be used as a reference for further studies by digging deeper into the effect of the depth of review on other variables that can have an impact on the viability of a seller's business in e-commerce. This research can be used as a reference for sellers to evaluate and create strategies to encourage customers to give positive reviews so that they can influence other readers when browsing e-commerce where it is hoped that purchases will occur. This research pioneered the study of perceived value of browsing behavior in C2C e-commerce with antecedents of depth of review in Indonesia.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The term “metaverse” refers to a virtual reality setting where users may engage in sustained and immersive interactions with other users and digital information. The metaverse offers new potential for entertainment, education, commerce, sociability, and creativity; therefore, it is anticipated to play a significant role in the future of the digital economy. However, the metaverse presents additional difficulties in resolving conflicts that can develop between its users, producers, and providers. Intellectual property rights, privacy, contract enforcement, fraud, harassment, and cybercrime are some of the concerns that may be raised in these conflicts. The existing legal system for settling these conflicts is disjointed and insufficient since it does not consider the metaverse’s unique qualities and complexity. This study investigates the present legal framework to provide fair and effective conflict resolution in the metaverse. It then establishes tenable fundamentals within the context of scientific and legal foundations. and propose a theoretical model named Hybrid Legal Framework for Metaverse Dispute Resolution (HLFMDR).

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The present study attempted to determine the elements affecting users' opinions about using electronic auctions in Jordan. The study's target audience was Jordanian university students. We randomly selected 600 students from three public universities in Jordan after 600 users from each of the three universities responded to the surveys. The primary data for this study were gathered using a specially created questionnaire that was based on earlier research. SEM software (smart PLS 4.0.8.3) was employed in the evaluation of data. This study looked into the factors that led Jordanians to use electronic auctions and found four indirect significant relationships and ten direct significant relationships. First, user attitudes and independent variables (usefulness, awareness, ease of use, and techno trust) are directly significant antecedents of utilizing e-auctions in Jordan. The use of e-auctions is related to the independent variable in five direct and significant ways: usefulness, awareness, ease of use, digital divide, and techno trust. Thirdly, there are direct and statistically significant correlations between user attitudes and the independent variables (usefulness, awareness, ease of use, and techno trust). Fourthly, there appears to be a clear and significant link between user attitudes and the intention to use e-auctions. Fifth, there are four mediated meaningful indirect correlations between the intention to use e-auctions and the independent variable. The findings of the current study are based on a number of factors that affect the demand for e-commerce in Jordan. They also include some recommendations for academics and decision-makers in e-marketing affairs. The current study also contributes in identifying challenges and suggestions that would overcome obstacles related to shopping operations through e-auctions. The factors examined in this study have been the subject of prior research. The data gathered in this study are valuable to Jordanian decision-makers and web developers, as the data can be used to create efficient policies and strategies to launch work on electronic auction platforms.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The present research endeavors to comprehend the determinants that impact the inclination to utilize financial technology within the context of Islamic banking clientele. The study undertakes an examination of various determinants that may exert an influence on the consumer's intention. These determinants encompass financial risk, legal risk, security risk, operational risk, consumer innovativeness, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness. The technology acceptance model is employed as the theoretical framework for the research. The requisite data for hypothesis testing is collected through the administration of an online survey to consumers of Islamic banks who possess a high degree of adaptability and proficiency in utilizing financial technology. The study employs the methodology of structural equation modelling with partial least squares to assess the proposed relationships among a sample of 399 participants. The results indicate that the acceptance of Islamic Financial technology services is contingent upon the perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and consumer innovativeness. In contrast, it is observed that various other factors, namely financial risk, legal risk, security risk, and operational risk, do not hold significant sway in shaping the level of acceptance of Islamic Financial technology among users of Islamic banking services. The concept of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is expanded within the realm of Islamic financial technology, and it is utilized to examine the impact of a novel factor, specifically consumer innovativeness. The untested nature of consumer innovativeness makes this paper a valuable resource for policymakers, academics, and researchers in the future.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The use of social media for young people has encouraged communication and socialization with other users massively and excessively. Besides, activities by the community of social media users have allocated much time. This condition exposed productivity as a challenge in the place and family communication. This study explores the effect of excessive use of social networking sites on customer loyalty with the mediating role of perceived usefulness, behavioral intention, and essential information. This research focused on adult-young people who use social networking media daily. Data collection used questionnaires designed with a five-point Likert scale and distributed online through Google Forms link. The respondents were given rewards through internet charge vouchers to encourage them, respondents, to complete the questionnaires. The questionnaire was distributed successfully to 932 prospective respondents during 2019-2023 through social media (WhatsApp, Line) and e-mail. Four hundred seventy-two (472) respondents were considered to meet the sample criteria as an adult-young group—data processing using Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS Software version 4.0. The results found that excessive use of social networking sites positively affects perceived usefulness, essential information, and behavioral intention. Perceived usefulness positively influences essential information and behavioral intention. The essential information increases behavioral intention and customer loyalty. The results also found that behavioral intention positively impacts customer loyalty. The practical contribution of research to young adults can determine the top priority in using social networking sites so as not to interfere with work activities and good relationships between family members. The film industry can promote products through social media effectively and efficiently. The theoretical contribution of research by enriching marketing behavior theory and technology acceptance model to improve user welfare and comfort.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: IoT devices with weak security designs are a serious threat to organizations. They are the building blocks of Botnets, the platforms that launch organized attacks that are capable of shutting down an entire infrastructure. Researchers have been developing IDS solutions that can counter such threats, often by employing innovation from other disciplines like artificial intelligence and machine learning. One of the issues that may be encountered when machine learning is used is dataset purity. Since they are not captured from perfect environments, datasets may contain data that could affect the machine learning process, negatively. Algorithms already exist for such problems. Repeated Edited Nearest Neighbor (RENN), Encoding Length (Explore), and Decremental Reduction Optimization Procedure 5 (DROP5) algorithm can filter noises out of datasets. They also provide other benefits such as instance reduction which could help reduce larger Botnet datasets, without sacrificing their quality. Three datasets were chosen in this study to construct an IDS: IoTID20, N-BaIoT and MedBIoT. The filtering algorithms, RENN, Explore, and DROP5 were used on them to filter noise and reduce instances. Noise was also injected and filtered again to assess the resilience of these filters. Then feature optimizations were used to shrink the dataset features. Finally, machine learning was applied on the processed dataset and the resulting IDS was evaluated with the standard supervised learning metrics: Accuracy, Precision, Recall, Specificity, F-Score and G-Mean. Results showed that RENN and DROP5 filtering delivered excellent results. DROP5, in particular, managed to reduce the dataset substantially without sacrificing accuracy. However, when noise got injected, the DROP5 accuracy went down and could not keep up. Of the three dataset, N-BaIoT delivers the best accuracy overall across the learning techniques.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: During Covid-19, organizations, particularly hospitals, encountered difficulties in providing services. Telemedicine has shown to be an alternative in service provision during these times. Based on this, acceptance of telemedicine in Jordanian public hospitals has become a very important issue to increase the attention of the health care organization toward it. A conceptual model was constructed based on previous literature. The model includes government policy, the capacity of external suppliers, and the capacity of the project team, top management support, as independent variables where their influence on the acceptance of telemedicine in Jordanian public hospitals as a dependent variable is examined. Respondents were chosen using a Purposive sampling technique. Questionnaires were delivered to 320 respondents using Google Forms. SEM was used for statistical analysis. The findings revealed that all the proposed factors including government policy, external supplier capacity, project team capacity, and top management support have a significant influence toward accepting telemedicine. The results of this study may aid Jordanian public hospitals in making the best use of the proposed factors to increase the acceptance of telemedicine in Jordanian public hospitals.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Technological advancements affect everyday life; they benefited our daily routines, habits, and activities. Underwater diving is one of the most interesting and attractive activities for tourists worldwide but could be risky and challenging. When paths are not clear, diving might take additional time and effort leading to some health problems. Thus, providing divers with proper direction information to surf underwater can be useful and helpful. Also, monitoring diverse health statuses and alerting them in case of any undesirable condition can increase their safety. Smart devices such as mobiles, watches, sensor devices, cellular networks along with the Internet of Things (IoT) can all provide location-based services. Such services can help in providing the best path for the divers and monitor their health status during diving. This paper proposes a new underwater routing approach, called Underwater Routing for Smart Diving “URSD”, which provides divers with routing information to visit underwater cultural or natural resources and monitors their health status during the diving period. The URSD approach was simulated and compared with the shortest path. Results showed that the URSD helped divers to route within paths that have a larger number of nodes, furthermore, it could enhance and improve divers experience and help them mitigate underwater risks.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This research aimed to study the opinion and perspectives of Commuter Line passengers in Indonesia by using 18 attributes of service quality. There still needed to be more understanding about which service attributes were less satisfying and which were more pleasing to the Commuter Line passengers in the area of Jakarta and its surroundings. This research used factor analysis and Principal Component Analysis to select among the 18 Commuter Line service quality variables with the Varimax and Ordered Logit model rotation method. The number of samples used was 384 respondents from Commuter Line passengers in Jakarta and its surroundings. The result of factor analysis stated that the 18 attributes of service quality with three factors were the main attributes of service quality being used, namely the factor of station facilities and passenger behavior, the factor of ticket and security system, and they had reasonably strong correlations. The key finding of this research was that some service quality attributes, such as the crowd or density of trains, station stair facility, station lift facility, station seat facility, and shelter, were perceived as the attributes of service that were less satisfying. This research provided valuable insights into important factors affecting the opinion and perspective of Commuter Line passengers in Jakarta and its surroundings.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study integrates the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) with the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to analyze consumers' decisions to use a Shariah-based e-wallet in Indonesia. With convenience sampling, a hundred samples were calculated by using SEM-PLS analysis. It found that only perceived trust and intention influenced consumers' decisions to use a Shariah-based e-wallet, while perceived ease of use, usefulness, enjoyment, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control did not. Perceived ease of use and usefulness influenced consumers' intentions but not the decision to use Sharia-based e-wallets. Thus, intention does not necessarily describe actual behavior. Consumers feel that the Sharia-based e-wallet is not as easy and useful as other e-wallets they mostly use, like Go-pay, Shopee-pay, and OVO. Other implications and some recommendations are discussed further in this study.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The pharmaceutical supply chain (PSC) plays a crucial role in ensuring the timely and reliable availability of essential drugs while maintaining high-quality standards. Balancing the triad of cost, time, and quality is paramount in optimizing the complexities of this supply chain. In this research, a multi-objective PSC optimization model is developed to maximize the key business factors. The dynamic nature of the PSC can significantly compromise the effectiveness of the decision making process. To deal with this challenge, a robust possibilistic flexible programming approach (RPFPA) solution methodology is proposed. This methodology provides a robust and flexible framework to tackle the uncertainties within the supply chain. To validate the proposed model and methodology, a computational analysis of a case study is conducted. The results of the analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the model and methodology in addressing the uncertainties and complexities of the PSC. Specifically, the findings reveal that by accepting a 23.8% increase in costs, decision-makers can achieve a desirable level of robustness in their decisions. Moreover, the study identifies that the assignment of higher priority to cost objectives leads to more centralized decisions within the supply chain, while a greater emphasis on quality objectives results in a more decentralized approach. By employing the proposed approach, decision-makers can efficiently deal with the complexities and uncertainties inherent in the PSC, making well-informed choices that balance cost, time, and quality.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The current manuscript aimed to explain the impact of big data on the financial reporting quality of the industrial sector in Jordan. To achieve the manuscript goals and validate hypotheses, a field study was conducted by distributing a questionnaire to 325 financial managers in industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange during a specific period. Gathered data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The manuscript concluded that the big data dimensions, including variety, volume, and velocity, had a positive impact on financial reporting quality. Therefore, a set of recommendations were provided to managers of the industrial companies in Jordan to put in place an extensive data governance system to as-sure data quality, security, privacy, and compliance. To ensure the integrity and dependability of financial reporting, define data ownership, create data quality standards, and develop processes for data access, use, and preservation.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Energy efficiency is one of the critical aspects, because the hotel sector has significant energy consumption and has an impact on environmental information. Energy efficiency helps reduce operational costs. By reducing excessive energy consumption, hotels can set a good example of responsible and sustainable business practices. It is important to understand the factors that affect energy efficiency. Some of the relevant factors are knowledge sharing, risk perception, and environmental information. This study aims to analyze the effect of knowledge sharing, risk perception, and environmental information factors on energy efficiency in the hospitality industry. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method with a survey approach. The number of samples used in this study were 176 hotel managers in Indonesia. Questionnaires were distributed to respondents using a Likert scale of 1 to 7. Data were analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method using SmartPLS software. The research results conclude that knowledge sharing, perceived risk, and environmental information have a significant influence on energy efficiency in the hospitality industry. Well-informed consumers tend to be more aware of the impact of their decisions and actions on environmental information, so they are more likely to choose hotels that adopt sustainable and energy efficient practices. In addition, the perception of risk also affects energy efficiency in the hospitality industry. Consumers who perceive risks associated with low sustainability or negative environmental information impacts are less likely to choose the hotel. Environmental information factors also play an important role in energy efficiency. Hotels that have an environment that supports and facilitates sustainable practices have the potential to achieve higher energy efficiency.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This research explores the influence of data mining methods on the managerial decision-making in Saudi Arabia's industrial sector, emphasizing the moderating function of cooperation. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed to information technology managers, with 265 responses selected for data analysis. Smart PLS 4 software was used for the data analysis, and statistical measures were used to analyze the correlations between variables. The findings show that data mining approaches have a substantial positive relationship with improving decision-making and information exchange within external and internal contexts. The study also demonstrates that cooperation plays an important moderating role in these interactions, emphasizing the significance of building a cooperative atmosphere to improve the influence of data mining methods on decision-making and information sharing. The study's conclusions have practical relevance for organizations in the industrial sector. Organizations may improve their decision-making processes and information sharing by adopting data mining tools and boosting collaboration, enhancing performance and competitiveness.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Digital transformation has become fundamental to improving the competitiveness of microenterprises worldwide, and Huancayo, Peru is no exception. By adopting digital technologies, microenterprises can improve their operational efficiency, expand their market reach and enhance their abilities to make informed decisions. They have therefore found innovative ways to adapt to changing market conditions, such as incorporating information technologies, online sales, use of social networks and home delivery. Despite this, many microenterprises struggle to survive due to lack of access to financing and adequate government support. This study aimed to analyze how individual, group and organizational factors influence the digital transformation of microenterprises and its impact on their competitiveness. The research was carried out in a sample of 80 multi-sector microenterprises, using a non-probabilistic and cross-sectional research design of a quali-quantitative and explanatory nature, using SEM-PLS. The results of the study indicate a positive relationship between individual, group and organizational factors and digital transformation, as well as with the competitiveness of microenterprises. The coefficients of determination (R2) obtained were 0.8897 and 0.7931 for digital transformation and competitiveness, respectively, indicating a predictive ability in both cases. These findings are of great use to policy makers, business owners and researchers interested in fostering the growth and development of microenterprises in emerging economies.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study aims to analyze and examine the influence of internal auditor certification, risk assessment, and the role of senior management on the effectiveness of cybersecurity for internal auditors who have experience in cybersecurity and information technology. This research method is a quantitative method, data analysis uses structural equation modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0 software tools. The population of this study is internal auditors who have experience in cybersecurity and information technology. The sample for this study was 480 respondents who were determined by the snowball sampling method. The research data was obtained from an online questionnaire which was distributed via social media. The questionnaire was designed using a Likert scale of 1 to 5. The stages of data analysis were validity test, reliability test and significance test. The results of this study indicate that internal auditor certification has a positive effect on cybersecurity effectiveness, risk assessment has a positive effect on cybersecurity effectiveness, and the role of senior management has a positive effect on cybersecurity effectiveness.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study aims to estimate the factors determining the perceived behavioral Intention to use the QR code on a smartphone in the commuter line tap-in tap-out ticketing process as an alternative payment. The rapid growth of information technology in the last two decades had become a factor that encouraged individuals and groups to utilize information technology from devices or technological tools as effectively and efficiently as possible to facilitate the activities and business processes being carried out. This research used the probability sampling technique with a random sampling of 100 commuter line passengers. In addition, this research used the data analysis technique of the Structural Equation Model-SmartPLS3.0. The results indicated that perceived compatibility and enjoyment significantly affected the perceived ease of use and usefulness in the consumer's behavioral Intention to use QR Code technology on smartphones as a substitution for purchasing commuter train tickets. However, the three other variables, perceived convenience, self-efficacy, and enjoyment, do not significantly influence the usefulness of using QR Code Technology on smartphones as an alternative for purchasing commuter tickets, and neither do the technological knowledge and perceived compatibility.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: As battery electric vehicles become more prevalent in emerging markets, it is important that policymakers and the public consider their potential to contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. This study explores the link between financial knowledge, attitude and green economic sustainability. The study, which was conducted in Indonesia, collected data about 155 individuals. Through a PLS-SEM analysis, the study revealed that financial knowledge and green innovation were related to the attitude toward sustainability. The study also found that green innovation was associated with the economic sustainability of the country. However, it did not find any significant relationship between financial knowledge and green investment. The study revealed that financial literacy is very important for consumers to adopt sustainable practices. It can help them make informed decisions when it comes to the use of battery electric vehicles. This study was conducted after the Indonesian government stated that it would promote the use of green products. Innovation and green investment can help improve the economic sustainability of a country by increasing people's green attitudes and knowledge.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: There has been a significant increase in the study of the history and culture of historical artifacts, whether they take the form of cultural heritage or Waqf. A literature review of web-based information systems was conducted for digitizing historical preservation and Waqf. Papers were sourced from various databases, including Publish or Perish, which produced 1043 journals, 370 articles, and 673 items from reputable sources, Google Scholar, and Crossref, respectively. The focus of the literature review was the information system for digitizing history and Waqf and integrating ontology databases. This literature review study aims to trace the evolution of study objects related to history and endowments. The results showed that most studies emphasized the user-understanding aspect of digitization, while the technical aspect was focused on using cutting-edge technology, such as 3D and virtual reality.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The Malaysian government actively encourages the development of e-wallets in Malaysia and set a goal to enter a cashless society by 2050. However, the mobile technology that has swept the world does not seem to be developing smoothly in Malaysia. The objective of the study is to investigate the determinants that impact the user behavior of Malaysians in adopting e-wallets and proposes integration theoretical models, namely UTAUT 2, Diffusion of Innovation, and self-efficacy to support the study. Data were collected among 253 Malaysian e-wallet users in the Federal State of Kuala Lumpur. The survey (online questionnaire) was distributed to respondents via QR codes and links as data collection. The PLS-SEM was utilized to test hypothetical relationships. The findings of the study demonstrated that compatibility, hedonic motivation, habits, and self-efficacy have a significant relationship with the user behavior of e-wallets. Self-efficacy was found to be the strongest predictor in influencing the use behavior of e-wallets. Conclusion, implications, and suggestions for future study were also discussed.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study examined the perception of investors toward the factors of Artificial Intelligence (AI) that impact behavioral intention of AI adoption. TAM was used with the addition of three factors of subjective norms, trust in service and service provider, and training. Jordanian stock market investors with basic investment knowledge were selected as the study participants using a convenience sampling method. The analyzed data were obtained from 610 responses. Results demonstrated the significant impact of trust in service and subjective norms on AI. Attitudes, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness showed statistical significance toward intention to use AI. Results also showed significant impact of training on perceived ease of use.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The study aimed to investigate the impact of creative thinking on marketing ideas and their influence on the structure of modern Jordanian advertisements for telecommunications companies. The methodology involved developing a survey instrument with four independent variables and one dependent variable. The independent variables were Creative Marketing (CM), Marketing Strategy (MS), Online Marketing (OM), and Social Media Marketing (SMM). The dependent variable was the Structure of the Modern Jordanian Advertisement (SMJA). The study population is customers of Jordanian telecommunications companies who reside in Jordan. A sample size of 270 respondents was selected through a convenience sampling method. The data were analyzed using statistical software, such as SPSS and AMOS 27 version, to test the research hypotheses. The results indicate that all four paths are statistically significant. The first hypothesis, which relates to creative marketing, has the highest estimated result of 0.62, while the second, third and the fourth hypotheses have estimated results of 0.152, 0.133, and 0.111, respectively. Overall, the results support the hypothesis that all four marketing domains have a significant impact on SMJA.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The purpose of the current research is to explore the impact of Instagram pages on consumers’ purchasing intentions among millennials in the fashion industry in Jordan. This study uses a quantitative, cause-effect, and cross-sectional approach. Online surveys were used to collect data from 212 respondents through different social media tools. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS software and Smart PLS to test the research hypothesis. Results show that bloggers’ recommendations significantly affect eWOM and engagement; usefulness information significantly affects eWOM and engagement; while trust insignificantly affects eWOM and engagement; brand familiarity insignificantly affects eWOM and engagement; participation and socialization insignificantly affect eWOM and engagement. Finally, useful information, eWOM, and engagement significantly affect consumers buying intention on Instagram. The study gives new information about the influence of Instagram pages on consumers' intentions. Therefore, this research expands the knowledge about factors that affect customers’ buying intentions. Since the study is a quantitative cross-sectional conducted on fashion industry Instagram users through an online survey in Jordan, which may limit its generalization to other industries and countries, therefore, the study suggests applying similar studies to online users of different ages, industries, and countries. Marketers can use Instagram to contact, promote, advertise, and sell their products by developing strong relationships with their customers through different social media tools. Using social media tools for marketing and selling reduces paperwork, printed advertisement, and transportation, which positively affects corporate social responsibility and reduces the consumption of energy and pollution.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study aims to investigate the impact of Business Intelligence Systems (BIS) on the quality of strategic decision-making in top-level management. The independent variables in this study are Data Quality, Data Visualization, and BI Management, while the dependent variable is the Quality of Strategic Decision-Making. Additionally, the study explores the moderator variable, BI Scope, to further understand the relationship between BIS and the quality of strategic decision-making. By providing valuable insights into the relationship between BIS and the quality of strategic decision-making, this study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on business intelligence and strategic decision-making. The findings show that BI Management, BI Scope, Data Quality, and Data Visualization have substantial and favorable correlations with the quality of strategic decision-making. Effective BI Management techniques contribute to higher decision-making quality, emphasizing the necessity of BI resource management. The study also underlines the importance of BI Scope as a moderator variable, demonstrating its impact on the connection between BI and quality of decision-making. In addition, the research shows that Data Quality and Data Visualization have a considerable influence on strategic decision-making quality. Using effective visualization tools and ensuring high-quality data improves the results of decision-making processes. The interaction impact between BI Scope and Data Quality, on the other hand, was determined to be non-significant.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study examined the relationship between employee engagement, organizational performance, and electronic human resource management (e-HRM) in small- and medium-sized Saudi firms. In total, 180 participants were randomly selected using convenience sampling. SEM-PLS, or structural equation model-partial least squares, was used to analyze the data. The findings of this study show no statistically significant correlation between organizational success and e-HRM. E-HRM and employee engagement, as well as employee engagement and organizational performance, have a strong beneficial association. The implications of the results highlight the need to establish good E-HRM practices to increase employee engagement and boost organizational performance.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The goal of this study was to measure the main effects of e-marketing, e-WOM, and social media influencers on increasing the intention to purchase and enhancing customers’ happiness in the Amman stock exchange. 285 samples represented the research study samples which have been collected, analyzed, and used to discuss the research hypotheses. The research study gave results which showed that e-marketing, e-WOM, and social media influencers’ effects positively on increasing customers’ intention to buy and enhancing customers’ satisfaction and happiness. This research represented each main research variable through its main keys, this research represented e-marketing through internet usage benefits received, simple use with low cost, and behavior and action. The second main variable is the e-WOM, and it is represented in this research through: satisfaction, dissatisfaction and perceived novelty. The third main variable is the social media influencers and it’s represented by: expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness. The main output of this study is represented that using digital marketing channels, with knowing peoples’ opinion, and following social media influencers can give customers ability to decide which product have to buy in the way which they can get the maximum benefits. The novelty of this study lies in giving more details about the effects of e-marketing, e-WOM, and social media influencers which are still new fields, and it needs more research for discovering all dimensions. Also, this research is useful and innovative based on choosing the field of this study and it is the Amman stock exchange which can help people to know useful information about the nature of stock investment.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This research analyzes the impact of a regional brand ambassador and social media advertising on the brand trust and brand loyalty of Lazada, an online marketplace in Indonesia, directly and indirectly. The statistical technique is SEM-PLS to analyze 100 data using convenience sampling. The results show that social media advertising impacts brand trust directly and indirectly, and only brand trust impacts brand loyalty, while the regional brand ambassador does not impact brand trust or brand loyalty directly and indirectly. It implies that Lazada needs to do in-depth research to analyze the right brand ambassador that suits customers' preferences and produces more engaging advertising content to increase brand trust and build brand loyalty.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine how Information and Communication Technology (ICT) affects village development performance, which is measured through the Developing Village Index (VDP). This index is made up of three dimensions: Social, Economic, and Environmental Resilience Indexes. By using quantitative methods and cross-sectional data from 1,842 villages in the Central Sulawesi Province in 2021, the study concludes that ICT has a positive impact on the development performance of villages overall. The study found that the quality of internet signals and the number of cell phone users, as well as the presence of technology devices and internet facilities in village offices, have a positive influence on village development performance. However, the existence of internet facilities for the public has no effect on village development performance, including economic, social, and environmental development in rural areas. By examining the effectiveness of both the community and the village government's utilization of ICT, this study contributes to understanding the impact of ICT in improving village development performance. To reduce the digital divide and continue to support rural development, it is important to enhance ICT facilities and infrastructure for rural communities and improve the quality of their implementation governance. Furthermore, to support the delivery of public services and the implementation of village development programs, both the government and Regional Government need to encourage the effectiveness of the use of ICT.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This research aims to provide a logical and experimental framework that helps organizations achieve goals in turbulent environments by examining the impact of dynamic capabilities on competitive performance with the conditional indirect effect of entrepreneurship orientation and digital leadership. A conceptual framework was derived from well-established theories in strategic management, along with empirical evidence based on a survey conducted on a sample of 102 leaders and managers in the entrepreneurial companies in Jordan. This study demonstrates the positive impact of dynamic capabilities in developing competitive performance. Moreover, the entrepreneurship orientation mediates the relationship between dynamic capabilities and competitive performance and digital leadership has a positive moderating role in this relationship. This research recommends leaders and managers in entrepreneurial organizations to define clear standards for measuring competitive performance that enable identifying and correcting deviations in a timely manner and invites them to focus on creating value in turbulent environments by exploiting advanced technological capabilities and adopting innovative strategies and business models.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: In the past the higher education sector was considered invulnerable to competitive forces. However, in the present era, the sector is compelled to compete in the market and convince potential students to enroll. The intensifying competition within the sector has necessitated the adoption of innovative approaches, which has resulted in changes in the learning process and economic aspects during the COVID-19 pandemic. Unfortunately, some private higher education institutions have experienced a decline in student enrollment. To explore factors influencing the university-specific servitization experience (USSE) and brand resonance, a research study was conducted. 393 students were chosen using a proportional random sampling technique. According to the findings of the study, asset distinctiveness and educational value have a substantial impact on USSE and brand resonance. The findings also revealed that USSE acts as a bridge between asset distinctiveness, brand resonance, and educational value. These results stress the significance of asset specialization and educational value in creating shared experiences between universities and their students, which foster a strong emotional and psychological bond and promote student loyalty towards their institution.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study aims to examine the effect of digital literacy, digital marketing, and word of mouth on the interest of the z generation in Islamic banks. Researchers used primary data obtained from distributing questionnaires to students and students with a total sample of 460 respondents. In this study the sample acquisition technique used a purposive sample with the criteria for respondents being in the age range of 17 years to 25 years. The research method uses a quantitative approach and PLS analysis techniques assisted by SmartPLS version 3.0. The variables in this study include exogenous variables in the form of digital literacy, financial literacy, digital marketing, brand image and word of mouth as well as exogenous variables namely interest in Islamic banks. The results of this study indicate that financial literacy, digital marketing and word of mouth have an influence significant to the interest of the z generation in Islamic banks. Meanwhile, digital literacy and brand image have no significant effect on the z generation's interest in Islamic banks. The results of this study can be used as reference material in conducting further research, especially to determine Islamic banking marketing techniques for the z generation. For further research, it is expected to develop this research by adding other variables such as religiosity, location, level of service and other factors as well as other methods of research such as further and in-depth interview techniques with respondents so that more varied information results are obtained.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Previous studies rarely discuss how digital leadership influences the performance of public organizations. So far, those who have conducted research only discuss the performance of public organizations. The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship between digital leadership and organizational performance, digital leadership and digital transformation and the relationship between digital transformation and organizational performance in public government organizations. The research method is a quantitative survey, research data obtained by distributing online questionnaires to 765 employees of public organizations. Data analysis used a structural equation model (SEM) with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The stages of data analysis are validity, reliability and significance tests. The sampling technique used is non-probability sampling. The questionnaire used in this study uses a Google form distributed to respondents. The questionnaire measurement method uses a Likert scale of 5. The independent variables used in this study are digital leadership and digital transformation. The dependent variable used in this study is the performance of the public organizations. The results of this study indicate that digital leadership had a positive and significant effect on organizational performance, digital leadership had a positive and significant effect on digital transformation and digital transformation had a positive and significant effect on organizational performance.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: In terms of investment, social and governance (ESG) issues consider various non-financial aspects of business performance. This includes the impact of the company's operations on the environment, society, and the quality of corporate governance. ESG factors have received significant attention from the investment community, along with increasing awareness of the importance of sustainability in investment decision making. Investors are increasingly realizing that taking ESG factors into account when making investment decisions can provide long-term benefits, both from an environmental and financial perspective. This study's objective is to investigate how ESG issues affect investment choices by using the mediation of investment goals as a variable in the relationship. This study included quantitative methodology and a survey questionnaire. Researchers gather and use analytical methods to study quantitative data. Simple random selection was used to perform the questionnaire survey of Indonesian stock market users, including individuals and businesses. There are 371 samples total that may be examined for this investigation. Software called SmartPLS 3.0 was used for the study's analysis. According to the study's findings, corporate governance, social responsibility, and the environment all have varied effects on investment choices. Environmental considerations have a major impact on investing objectives but little to no impact on investment choices. Social considerations have a favorable and considerable impact on investment decisions, but they have little impact on investment aims. Investment goals and choices are significantly impacted by corporate governance variables. According to this study, investment objectives play a part in mediating the relationship between environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) concerns and investment choices. Investment objectives operate as a mediator between environmental and corporate governance considerations, which both have an impact on investment choices. The impact of social considerations on investment decisions is not, however, moderated by investment objectives.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The objective of this investigation is to analyze the correlation among students' readiness for mobile learning, regulation of emotions, nomophobia, cyberloafing via smartphones, and addiction to smartphones while attending classes amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Current research introduces a theoretical framework that outlines the factors influencing cyberloafing within the m-learning setting. The study involved a total of 719 participants. The structural equation modelling technique was utilized to evaluate a study's framework. The study's results suggest a significant association between the factors of m-learning readiness, emotion regulation, nomophobia, smartphone cyberloafing, and smartphone addiction among learners. The current study also introduces a conceptual framework for this entrepreneurial shift that outlines the factors influencing cyberloafing within the m-learning setting. The discourse pertains to the ramifications for both students and institutions of higher learning.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of transformational leadership (TL) on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), the relationship between TL and performance, TL and IWB, Leader member exchange (LMX) and OCB, LMX and performance, LMX and innovative work behavior ( IWB), organizational commitment (OC) and OCB, OC and performance, OC and IWB, digital transformation (DT) and OCB, DT and performance, DT and IWB, QWL and OCB, QWL and performance, QWL and IWB, OCB and performance, and the relationship between IWB and performance. The method of this research is quantitative and the population in this study were 341 private universities while the number of samples used in this study were 181 private universities. The sampling technique in this study used multistage random sampling. In this study the study used a seven-point Likert scale. The study uses SmartPLS software as a data processing tool. Validity testing is applied to all question items in each variable and there are several stages of testing that will be carried out, namely through convergent validity testing, average variance extracted (AVE) testing, and discriminant validity testing. There is a positive and significant relationship between TL and OCB, a positive relationship between TL and the performance of private universities. There is also a positive and significant relationship between TL and IWB, a positive and significant relationship between LMX and OCB. However, there is no significant relationship between LMX and university performance. There is a positive and significant relationship between LMX and IWB, a positive and significant relationship between OC and OCB, a positive and significant relationship between OC and university performance, and a positive and significant relationship between OC and IWB. There is also a positive and significant relationship between DT and OCB, an insignificant relationship between DT and university performance. This means that DT cannot directly affect performance. There is an insignificant relationship between DT and IWB, a positive and significant relationship between QWL and OCB. There is a non-significant relationship between QWL and university performance. There is a positive and significant relationship between QWL and IWB as well as between OCB and university performance and also between IWB and university performance.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Designing sustainable and scalable educational systems is a challenge. Artificial Intelligence (AI) offers promising solutions to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of blended learning systems. This research paper focuses on the integration of the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), with a blended learning system. The objectives of this study are to investigate the potential of AI techniques in enhancing the sustainability of educational systems, explore the use of ChatGPT to personalize the learning experience and improve engagement, and propose a model for sustainable learning that incorporates AI. The study aims to contribute to the body of knowledge on AI applications for sustainable education, identify best practices for integrating AI in education, and provide insights for policymakers and educators on the benefits of AI in education delivery. The study emphasizes the significance of AI in sustainable education by addressing personalized learning and educational accessibility. By automating administrative tasks and optimizing content delivery, AI can enhance educational accessibility and promote inclusive and equitable education. The study’s findings highlight the potential benefits of integrating AI chatbots like ChatGPT into education. Such benefits include promoting student engagement, motivation, and self-directed learning through immediate feedback and assistance. The research provides valuable guidance for educators, policymakers, and instructional designers who seek to effectively leverage AI technology in education. In conclusion, the study recommends directions for future research in order to maximize the benefits of integrating ChatGPT into learning systems. Positive results have been observed, including improved learning outcomes, enhanced student engagement, and personalized learning experiences. Through advancing the utilization of AI tools like ChatGPT, blended learning systems can be made more sustainable, efficient, and accessible for learners worldwide.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: Technological developments are increasingly sophisticated, so micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) must maintain their business through digital markets. The main problem faced by MSMEs in Aceh province is the lack of use of social media as a medium for promoting or selling products online. Thus, this study analyzes the MSMEs' product marketing model, determines the factors that influence MSME labor productivity, and determines MSMEs' resilience strategies in entering the digital market. The research location is Aceh Province which consists of 23 districts/cities. The population in this study were all MSME actors in Aceh Province who were spread across districts/cities, using a purposive random sampling technique. The samples in the study were related agencies and MSMEs actors in Aceh Province, which are spread across 13 regencies/cities, namely Banda Aceh, Sabang, Lhokseumawe, Subulussalam, Langsa, Aceh Tamiang, East Aceh, North Aceh, Central Aceh, West Aceh, Aceh Singkil, Aceh Besar and Aceh Jaya. The results of the study show that (1) the marketing model that is used effectively is the marketing mix, namely the marketing mix, (2) the productivity of MSME workers is influenced by the level of education, age, work experience, gender and expertise or skills possessed by the workforce, (3) The MSMEs resilience strategy is dealing with the digital market can be pursued through government policies by providing training or assistance to business actors to increase product innovation and increase promotion or product sales online through various types of social media, such as Instagram, Facebook, WhatsApp, and market places other.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The Android operating system is the most used mobile operating system in the world, and it is one of the most popular operating systems for different kinds of devices from smartwatches, IoT, and TVs to mobiles and cockpits in cars. Security is the main challenge to any operating system. Android malware attacks and vulnerabilities are known as emerging risks for mobile devices. The development of Android malware has been observed to be at an accelerated speed. Most Android security breaches permitted by permission misuse are amongst the most critical and prevalent issues threatening Android OS security. This research performs several studies on malware and non-malware applications to provide a recently updated dataset. The goal of proposed models is to find a combination of noise-cleaning algorithms, features selection techniques, and classification algorithms that are noise-tolerant and can achieve high accuracy results in detecting new Android malware. The results from the empirical experiments show that the proposed models are able to detect Android malware with an accuracy that reaches 87%, despite the noise in the dataset. We also find that the best classification results are achieved using the RF algorithm. This work can be extended in many ways by applying higher noise ratios and running more classifiers and optimizers.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: The major goal of this research is to examine how vlogging on YouTube affects the communication skills of Jordan teenagers with language and speech disorders. Fifty people, ranging in age from 13 to 18, participated in an eight-week vlogging intervention program designed to improve their communication skills. The results of the pre- and post-tests showed a statistically significant improvement in communicative competence, with the mean difference between the two measures being 10.5. Vlogging has a significant effect as an intervention because of its remarkable ability to actively engage participants in the creation of relevant content, the facilitation of authentic real-life communication experiences, the encouragement of creative and self-expressive expression, and the provision of individualized therapeutic approaches. Adolescents with speech and language disabilities have unique obstacles in communicating, and this study gives insight on the possible use of novel tools, such as vlogging, to address these issues.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)

Abstract: With the hope of improving students' social interactions who have been diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia, the current study set out to examine the effectiveness of peer-mediated therapies delivered through the ubiquitous social media platform Snapchat. Thirty kids with ASD and 15 generally developing peers participated in the study. Alterations in social communication difficulties and observable social interactions were evaluated before and after the intervention to determine its efficacy. The results of the research revealed significant improvements in both self-reported difficulties with social communication and the quality of participants' interpersonal relationships. These findings demonstrate the groundbreaking methodology's deep applicability and widespread cross-cultural significance. Individuals with ASD have shown to benefit greatly from individualized, technology-based therapy to improve their social interactions, as shown by this study.

	© 2010 by the authors; licensee Growing Science, Canada. This is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the license. Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY)