How to cite this paper
Mihardjo, L., Sasmoko, S., Alamsjah, F & Elidjen, E. (2019). The influence of digital customer experience and electronic word of mouth on brand image and supply chain sustainable performance.Uncertain Supply Chain Management, 7(4), 691-702.
Refrences
Attaran, M., & Attaran, S. (2007). Collaborative supply chain management: the most promising practice for building efficient and sustainable supply chains. Business Process Management Journal, 13(3), 390-404.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173.
Betzing, J. H., Beverungen, D., & Becker, J. (2018). Design principles for co-creating digital customer experience in high street retail. Proceedings of the Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik, MKWI’18.
Bilgihan, A. (2016). Gen Y customer loyalty in online shopping: An integrated model of trust, user experience and branding. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 103-113.
Bolton, R. N., McColl-Kennedy, J. R., Cheung, L., Gallan, A., Orsingher, C., Witell, L., & Zaki, M. (2018). Customer experience challenges: bringing together digital, physical and social realms. Journal of Service Management, 29(5), 776-808.
Brun, A., & Castelli, C. (2008). Supply chain strategy in the fashion industry: developing a portfolio model depending on product, retail channel and brand. International Journal of Production Economics, 116(2), 169-181.
Castorena, O. H., Enríquez, L. A., & Adame, M. G. (2014). The influence of information technology and communication supply chain management performance for greater SME manufacturing in aguascalientes. International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 1(12), 382-396.
Chaudhuri, S., & Mukhopadhyay, U. (2014). Foreign direct investment in developing countries. Springer.
Che, G. N., & Sundjo, F. (2018). Determinants of female labour force participation in Cameroon. International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Accounting, 3(2), 88-103.
Cheng, C. P., Phung, M. T., Hsiao, C. L., Shen, D. B., & Chen, B. S. (2018). Impact of operational risk toward the efficiency of banking-Evidence from Taiwans banking industry. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 8(6), 815-831.
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295-336.
Chowdhury, T. S., Habibullah, M., & Nahar, N. (2018). Risk and return analysis of closed-end mutual fund in Bangladesh. Journal of Accounting, Business and Finance Research, 3(2), 83-92.
Czinkota, M., Kaufmann, H. R., & Basile, G. (2014). The relationship between legitimacy, reputation, sustainability and branding for companies and their supply chains. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(1), 91-101.
Das, K., Gryseels, M., Sudhir, P., & Tan, K. T. (2016). Unlocking Indonesia’s digital opportunity. (September), 1–28, Mc Kinsey Indonesia Report
Davis, C. H., & Vladica, F. (2005). Micro-enterprises' Use of Internet Technologies and e-Business Solutions: a Structural Model of Sources of Business Value. Retrieved from
De Brito, M. P., Carbone, V., & Blanquart, C. M. (2008). Towards a sustainable fashion retail supply chain in Europe: Organisation and performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 114(2), 534-553.
Dellarocas, C. (2003). The digitization of word of mouth: Promise and challenges of online feedback mechanisms. Management Science, 49(10), 1407-1424.
Dim, N. U., & Ezeabasili, A. C. C. (2015). Strategic supply chain framework as an effective approach to procurement of public construction projects in Nigeria. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 4(7), 163-172.
Duan, W., Gu, B., & Whinston, A. B. (2008). Do online reviews matter?—An empirical investigation of panel data. Decision Support Systems, 45(4), 1007-1016.
Duru, P. N., & Chibo, C. N. (2014). Flooding in Imo State Nigeria: The socio-economic implication for sustainable development. Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2(3), 129-140.
Farquhar, P. H. (1994). Strategic challenges for branding. Marketing Management, 3(2), 8.
Galant, V., Jakubczyc, J. A., & Paprzycki, M. (2002). Infrastructure for E-commerce. Prace naukowe-akademii ekonomicznej imienia oskara langego we wroclawiu, 931, 32-47.
Gebrina, A. (2009). The Relationship Between Brand Images and E-Commerce Practice on Firm Performance in Indonesia. Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Golicic, S. L., & Smith, C. D. (2013). A meta‐analysis of environmentally sustainable supply chain management practices and firm performance. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 49(2), 78-95.
Ha, H.-Y. (2002). The effects of consumer risk perception on pre-purchase information in online auctions: Brand, word-of-mouth, and customized information. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 8(1), JCMC813.
Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications.
Hair, J., Hollingsworth, C. L., Randolph, A. B., & Chong, A. Y. L. (2017). An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 117(3), 442-458.
Hennig-Thurau, T., Gwinner, K. P., Walsh, G., & Gremler, D. D. (2004). Electronic word-of-mouth via consumer-opinion platforms: what motivates consumers to articulate themselves on the internet? Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18(1), 38-52.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing New challenges to international marketing (pp. 277-319), Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Imran, M., Hameed, W., Ul,, & Haque, A., UL, . (2018). Influence of industry 4.0 on the production and service sectors in Pakistan: Evidence from textile and logistics industries. Social Sciences, 7(12), 246.
Joshi, A. (2018). Digital technologies for enhancing customer experience. Sansmaran Research Journal, 1-8.
Kim, D., & Cavusgil, E. (2009). The impact of supply chain integration on brand equity. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 24(7), 496-505.
Kimengsi, J. N., & Gwan, S. A. (2017). Reflections on decentralization, community empowerment and sustainable development in Cameroon. International Journal of Emerging Trends in Social Sciences, 1(2), 53-60.
Klaus, P. (2014). Towards practical relevance—Delivering superior firm performance through digital customer experience strategies. Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice, 15(4), 306-316.
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
Leetaru, K. (2008). Mass book digitization: The deeper story of Google Books and the Open Content Alliance. First Monday, 13(10).
Litvin, S. W., Goldsmith, R. E., & Pan, B. (2008). Electronic word-of-mouth in hospitality and tourism management. Tourism Management, 29(3), 458-468.
Lowry, P. B., Vance, A., Moody, G., Beckman, B., & Read, A. (2008). Explaining and predicting the impact of branding alliances and web site quality on initial consumer trust of e-commerce web sites. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(4), 199-224.
Männistö, L. (1999). Electronic Commerce in Asia. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/papers/ecom/18Marweb.pdf
Merrilees, B. (2016). Interactive brand experience pathways to customer-brand engagement and value co-creation. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 25(5), 402-408.
Mihardjo, L. W. W., Alamsjah, F., Elidjen, E., & Sasmoko, S. (2018). The Role of Corporate Reputation & Distinctive Organization Capability in Developing Business Model Innovation: Case study of Indonesian ICT Firms in Facing Indutry Resolution 4.0. Opcion, 86(86), 2190–2208.
Morgan-Thomas, A., & Veloutsou, C. (2013). Beyond technology acceptance: Brand relationships and online brand experience. Journal of Business Research, 66(1), 21-27.
Nadeem, S., Alvi, A. K., & Iqbal, J. (2018). Performance indicators of e-logistic system with mediating role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Journal of Applied Economics & Business Research, 8(4).
Nauwelaerts, Y., & Chakri, S. (2016). The role of e-commerce and m-commerce in the international strategy of fashion companies: A qualitative research in the Belgian fashion industry. Innovation, 2, 80-113.
Nazal, A. I. (2017). Financial tables reports gaps in Jordanian Islamic Banks. The Economics and Finance Letters, 4(2), 9-15.
Nguyen, X.-T. N. (2001). Shifting the paradigm in e-commerce: Move over inherently distinctive trademarks--The e-brand, i-brand and generic domain names ascending to power. American University Law Review, 50, 937.
Nze, I. C., Ogwude, I. C., Nnadi, K. U., & Ibe, C. C. (2016). Modelling the relationship between demand for river port services and vessel supply costs: Empirical evidence from Nigeria. Global Journal of Social Sciences Studies, 2(3), 144-149.
Peng, J., Quan, J., Zhang, G., & Dubinsky, A. J. (2016). Mediation effect of business process and supply chain management capabilities on the impact of IT on firm performance: Evidence from Chinese firms. International Journal of Information Management, 36(1), 89-96.
Penttinen, H., & Turunen, T. (2017). E-Commerce and Its Role in Strengthening a Brand: Case Company X.
Phelps, J. E., Lewis, R., Mobilio, L., Perry, D., & Raman, N. (2004). Viral marketing or electronic word-of-mouth advertising: Examining consumer responses and motivations to pass along email. Journal of Advertising Research, 44(4), 333-348.
Poirier, C. C., & Bauer, M. J. (2000). E-supply chain: using the Internet to revolutionize your business: how market leaders focus their entire organization on driving value to customers. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Pradhan, R. P., Mallik, G., & Bagchi, T. P. (2018). Information communication technology (ICT) infrastructure and economic growth: A causality evinced by cross-country panel data. IIMB Management Review, 30(1), 91–103.
Purnama, C. (2014). Improved performance through empowerment of small industry. Journal of Social Economics Research, 1(4), 72-86.
Quarshie, A. M., Salmi, A., & Leuschner, R. (2016). Sustainability and corporate social responsibility in supply chains: The state of research in supply chain management and business ethics journals. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 22(2), 82-97.
Reynolds, J., & Mofazali, R. (2000). The complete e-commerce book: design, build, and maintain a successful web-based business. Cmp Books.
Richins, M. L., & Root-Shaffer, T. (1988). The role of evolvement and opinion leadership in consumer word-of-mouth: An implicit model made explicit. ACR North American Advances.
Richter, K., & Walther, J. (2016). Supply Chain Integration Challenges in Commercial Aerospace: A Comprehensive Perspective on the Aviation Value Chain. Springer.
Singh, R., & Jayraman, V. (2013). Supply chain integration and information technology. International Journal of Economics Business and Management Studies, 2(2), 62-74.
Strebinger, A., & Treiblmaier, H. (2006). The impact of business to consumer e-commerce on organizational structure, brand architecture, IT structure, and their interrelations. Schmalenbach Business Review, 58(1), 81-113.
Tanoos, J. J. (2017). East Asian trade cooperation versus US and EU protectionist trends and their association to Chinese steel exports. Asian Journal of Economics and Empirical Research, 4(1), 1-7.
Taqi, M., Ajmal, M & Ansari, M.S (2018). Financial efficiency of India Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC) Limited: An empirical study. Journal of Tourism Management Research, 5(1), 14-22.
Tsou, C.-S., Fang, H.-H., Lo, H.-C., & Huang, C.-H. (2009). A study of cooperative advertising in a manufacturer-retailer supply chain. International Journal of Information and Management Sciences, 20(1), 15-26.
Vendrell-Herrero, F., Bustinza, O. F., Parry, G., & Georgantzis, N. (2017). Servitization, digitization and supply chain interdependency. Industrial Marketing Management, 60, 69-81.
Wang, Y. B., & Lu, J. R. (2016). A supply-lock competitive market for investable products. Asian Development Policy Review, 4(4), 127-133.
Xue, L., Zhang, C., Ling, H., & Zhao, X. (2013). Risk mitigation in supply chain digitization: System modularity and information technology governance. Journal of Management Information Systems, 30(1), 325-352.
Zhang, J., Gou, Q., Liang, L., & He, X. (2013). Ingredient branding strategies in an assembly supply chain: models and analysis. International Journal of Production Research, 51(23-24), 6923-6949.
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173.
Betzing, J. H., Beverungen, D., & Becker, J. (2018). Design principles for co-creating digital customer experience in high street retail. Proceedings of the Multikonferenz Wirtschaftsinformatik, MKWI’18.
Bilgihan, A. (2016). Gen Y customer loyalty in online shopping: An integrated model of trust, user experience and branding. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 103-113.
Bolton, R. N., McColl-Kennedy, J. R., Cheung, L., Gallan, A., Orsingher, C., Witell, L., & Zaki, M. (2018). Customer experience challenges: bringing together digital, physical and social realms. Journal of Service Management, 29(5), 776-808.
Brun, A., & Castelli, C. (2008). Supply chain strategy in the fashion industry: developing a portfolio model depending on product, retail channel and brand. International Journal of Production Economics, 116(2), 169-181.
Castorena, O. H., Enríquez, L. A., & Adame, M. G. (2014). The influence of information technology and communication supply chain management performance for greater SME manufacturing in aguascalientes. International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, 1(12), 382-396.
Chaudhuri, S., & Mukhopadhyay, U. (2014). Foreign direct investment in developing countries. Springer.
Che, G. N., & Sundjo, F. (2018). Determinants of female labour force participation in Cameroon. International Journal of Applied Economics, Finance and Accounting, 3(2), 88-103.
Cheng, C. P., Phung, M. T., Hsiao, C. L., Shen, D. B., & Chen, B. S. (2018). Impact of operational risk toward the efficiency of banking-Evidence from Taiwans banking industry. Asian Economic and Financial Review, 8(6), 815-831.
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295-336.
Chowdhury, T. S., Habibullah, M., & Nahar, N. (2018). Risk and return analysis of closed-end mutual fund in Bangladesh. Journal of Accounting, Business and Finance Research, 3(2), 83-92.
Czinkota, M., Kaufmann, H. R., & Basile, G. (2014). The relationship between legitimacy, reputation, sustainability and branding for companies and their supply chains. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(1), 91-101.
Das, K., Gryseels, M., Sudhir, P., & Tan, K. T. (2016). Unlocking Indonesia’s digital opportunity. (September), 1–28, Mc Kinsey Indonesia Report
Davis, C. H., & Vladica, F. (2005). Micro-enterprises' Use of Internet Technologies and e-Business Solutions: a Structural Model of Sources of Business Value. Retrieved from
De Brito, M. P., Carbone, V., & Blanquart, C. M. (2008). Towards a sustainable fashion retail supply chain in Europe: Organisation and performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 114(2), 534-553.
Dellarocas, C. (2003). The digitization of word of mouth: Promise and challenges of online feedback mechanisms. Management Science, 49(10), 1407-1424.
Dim, N. U., & Ezeabasili, A. C. C. (2015). Strategic supply chain framework as an effective approach to procurement of public construction projects in Nigeria. International Journal of Management and Sustainability, 4(7), 163-172.
Duan, W., Gu, B., & Whinston, A. B. (2008). Do online reviews matter?—An empirical investigation of panel data. Decision Support Systems, 45(4), 1007-1016.
Duru, P. N., & Chibo, C. N. (2014). Flooding in Imo State Nigeria: The socio-economic implication for sustainable development. Humanities and Social Sciences Letters, 2(3), 129-140.
Farquhar, P. H. (1994). Strategic challenges for branding. Marketing Management, 3(2), 8.
Galant, V., Jakubczyc, J. A., & Paprzycki, M. (2002). Infrastructure for E-commerce. Prace naukowe-akademii ekonomicznej imienia oskara langego we wroclawiu, 931, 32-47.
Gebrina, A. (2009). The Relationship Between Brand Images and E-Commerce Practice on Firm Performance in Indonesia. Universiti Utara Malaysia.
Golicic, S. L., & Smith, C. D. (2013). A meta‐analysis of environmentally sustainable supply chain management practices and firm performance. Journal of Supply Chain Management, 49(2), 78-95.
Ha, H.-Y. (2002). The effects of consumer risk perception on pre-purchase information in online auctions: Brand, word-of-mouth, and customized information. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 8(1), JCMC813.
Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2016). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications.
Hair, J., Hollingsworth, C. L., Randolph, A. B., & Chong, A. Y. L. (2017). An updated and expanded assessment of PLS-SEM in information systems research. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 117(3), 442-458.
Hennig-Thurau, T., Gwinner, K. P., Walsh, G., & Gremler, D. D. (2004). Electronic word-of-mouth via consumer-opinion platforms: what motivates consumers to articulate themselves on the internet? Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18(1), 38-52.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sinkovics, R. R. (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing New challenges to international marketing (pp. 277-319), Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
Imran, M., Hameed, W., Ul,, & Haque, A., UL, . (2018). Influence of industry 4.0 on the production and service sectors in Pakistan: Evidence from textile and logistics industries. Social Sciences, 7(12), 246.
Joshi, A. (2018). Digital technologies for enhancing customer experience. Sansmaran Research Journal, 1-8.
Kim, D., & Cavusgil, E. (2009). The impact of supply chain integration on brand equity. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 24(7), 496-505.
Kimengsi, J. N., & Gwan, S. A. (2017). Reflections on decentralization, community empowerment and sustainable development in Cameroon. International Journal of Emerging Trends in Social Sciences, 1(2), 53-60.
Klaus, P. (2014). Towards practical relevance—Delivering superior firm performance through digital customer experience strategies. Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice, 15(4), 306-316.
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
Leetaru, K. (2008). Mass book digitization: The deeper story of Google Books and the Open Content Alliance. First Monday, 13(10).
Litvin, S. W., Goldsmith, R. E., & Pan, B. (2008). Electronic word-of-mouth in hospitality and tourism management. Tourism Management, 29(3), 458-468.
Lowry, P. B., Vance, A., Moody, G., Beckman, B., & Read, A. (2008). Explaining and predicting the impact of branding alliances and web site quality on initial consumer trust of e-commerce web sites. Journal of Management Information Systems, 24(4), 199-224.
Männistö, L. (1999). Electronic Commerce in Asia. Retrieved from https://www.itu.int/ITU-D/ict/papers/ecom/18Marweb.pdf
Merrilees, B. (2016). Interactive brand experience pathways to customer-brand engagement and value co-creation. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 25(5), 402-408.
Mihardjo, L. W. W., Alamsjah, F., Elidjen, E., & Sasmoko, S. (2018). The Role of Corporate Reputation & Distinctive Organization Capability in Developing Business Model Innovation: Case study of Indonesian ICT Firms in Facing Indutry Resolution 4.0. Opcion, 86(86), 2190–2208.
Morgan-Thomas, A., & Veloutsou, C. (2013). Beyond technology acceptance: Brand relationships and online brand experience. Journal of Business Research, 66(1), 21-27.
Nadeem, S., Alvi, A. K., & Iqbal, J. (2018). Performance indicators of e-logistic system with mediating role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Journal of Applied Economics & Business Research, 8(4).
Nauwelaerts, Y., & Chakri, S. (2016). The role of e-commerce and m-commerce in the international strategy of fashion companies: A qualitative research in the Belgian fashion industry. Innovation, 2, 80-113.
Nazal, A. I. (2017). Financial tables reports gaps in Jordanian Islamic Banks. The Economics and Finance Letters, 4(2), 9-15.
Nguyen, X.-T. N. (2001). Shifting the paradigm in e-commerce: Move over inherently distinctive trademarks--The e-brand, i-brand and generic domain names ascending to power. American University Law Review, 50, 937.
Nze, I. C., Ogwude, I. C., Nnadi, K. U., & Ibe, C. C. (2016). Modelling the relationship between demand for river port services and vessel supply costs: Empirical evidence from Nigeria. Global Journal of Social Sciences Studies, 2(3), 144-149.
Peng, J., Quan, J., Zhang, G., & Dubinsky, A. J. (2016). Mediation effect of business process and supply chain management capabilities on the impact of IT on firm performance: Evidence from Chinese firms. International Journal of Information Management, 36(1), 89-96.
Penttinen, H., & Turunen, T. (2017). E-Commerce and Its Role in Strengthening a Brand: Case Company X.
Phelps, J. E., Lewis, R., Mobilio, L., Perry, D., & Raman, N. (2004). Viral marketing or electronic word-of-mouth advertising: Examining consumer responses and motivations to pass along email. Journal of Advertising Research, 44(4), 333-348.
Poirier, C. C., & Bauer, M. J. (2000). E-supply chain: using the Internet to revolutionize your business: how market leaders focus their entire organization on driving value to customers. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Pradhan, R. P., Mallik, G., & Bagchi, T. P. (2018). Information communication technology (ICT) infrastructure and economic growth: A causality evinced by cross-country panel data. IIMB Management Review, 30(1), 91–103.
Purnama, C. (2014). Improved performance through empowerment of small industry. Journal of Social Economics Research, 1(4), 72-86.
Quarshie, A. M., Salmi, A., & Leuschner, R. (2016). Sustainability and corporate social responsibility in supply chains: The state of research in supply chain management and business ethics journals. Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 22(2), 82-97.
Reynolds, J., & Mofazali, R. (2000). The complete e-commerce book: design, build, and maintain a successful web-based business. Cmp Books.
Richins, M. L., & Root-Shaffer, T. (1988). The role of evolvement and opinion leadership in consumer word-of-mouth: An implicit model made explicit. ACR North American Advances.
Richter, K., & Walther, J. (2016). Supply Chain Integration Challenges in Commercial Aerospace: A Comprehensive Perspective on the Aviation Value Chain. Springer.
Singh, R., & Jayraman, V. (2013). Supply chain integration and information technology. International Journal of Economics Business and Management Studies, 2(2), 62-74.
Strebinger, A., & Treiblmaier, H. (2006). The impact of business to consumer e-commerce on organizational structure, brand architecture, IT structure, and their interrelations. Schmalenbach Business Review, 58(1), 81-113.
Tanoos, J. J. (2017). East Asian trade cooperation versus US and EU protectionist trends and their association to Chinese steel exports. Asian Journal of Economics and Empirical Research, 4(1), 1-7.
Taqi, M., Ajmal, M & Ansari, M.S (2018). Financial efficiency of India Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC) Limited: An empirical study. Journal of Tourism Management Research, 5(1), 14-22.
Tsou, C.-S., Fang, H.-H., Lo, H.-C., & Huang, C.-H. (2009). A study of cooperative advertising in a manufacturer-retailer supply chain. International Journal of Information and Management Sciences, 20(1), 15-26.
Vendrell-Herrero, F., Bustinza, O. F., Parry, G., & Georgantzis, N. (2017). Servitization, digitization and supply chain interdependency. Industrial Marketing Management, 60, 69-81.
Wang, Y. B., & Lu, J. R. (2016). A supply-lock competitive market for investable products. Asian Development Policy Review, 4(4), 127-133.
Xue, L., Zhang, C., Ling, H., & Zhao, X. (2013). Risk mitigation in supply chain digitization: System modularity and information technology governance. Journal of Management Information Systems, 30(1), 325-352.
Zhang, J., Gou, Q., Liang, L., & He, X. (2013). Ingredient branding strategies in an assembly supply chain: models and analysis. International Journal of Production Research, 51(23-24), 6923-6949.