This study aims to determine the effect of supply chain visibility on business performance, to determine the effect of supply chain flexibility on business performance and to determine the effect of supplier development on business performance. The sample of respondents in this study were 120 respondents from logistics companies in Tangerang. Type of research is quantitative research. The data analysis technique used structural equation modeling and SmartPLS for analyzing data. The data collection method in this study was carried out using a survey method, namely by distributing online questionnaires to respondents in the form of questions. The data collection method in this study was an online questionnaire by google form. The sample selection method in this study is simple random sampling. The results of the analysis that have been carried out concluded that Inventory Control, Supply Chain Flexibility, Supply Chain Visibility, Supplier Development had positive and significant influence on business performance.

This study investigates the relationships between Supply Chain Collaboration, Risk Management Strategies, Supplier Development, Trust, and Supply Chain Resilience in the Jordanian retail sector. This research aims to analyze the direct impacts of these Supply chain management practices on resilience, as well as mediating effect Trust in between this relation. The study used quantitative data to collect the data from 291 managers and executives in the Jordanian retail sector. The findings suggest that Supply Chain Collaboration and Risk Management Strategies have positive significant effects on Supply Chain Resilience, while Supplier Development has no direct significant effect. The results show that each of the supply chain management practices has significant positive effects on Trust and, therefore, significantly contribute to increasing Supply Chain Resilience. In addition, Trust is identified to play a mediating role in the relationships between trust on both SCMPs and resilience. This paper extends the existing literature on supply chain resilience and provides empirical insights into significant factors that shape in enhancing resilience within the retail trade industry, notably focusing on Jordan. The implications for managers, practitioners and society suggest that collaborative relationships, effective risk management strategies as well trust building initiatives are vital to increase resilience among supply chains. This research is unique as it thoroughly investigates the collaboration between SCM practices, relational variables and resilience in an understudied context providing a new understanding of the interplay of different antecedents at play on resilient supply chains creation.

Food supply chain disruptions have of recent increased in terms of severity and frequency leading to viability problems for most businesses in related supply chain networks and hunger among millions of human beings. In the extant supply chain literature elements of responsive supply chain such as velocity, versatility, and visibility have been suggested as some of the possible strategies to build supply chain resilience. It has therefore been suggested in this study that these elements’ influence on supply chain resilience is moderated by contract farming as a special form of supplier development. Farming contracts are either production or marketing contracts. Data was collected from a conveniently selected sample of 200 restaurants that use supplier development in the form of contract farming for acquiring critical resources for their operations. A structural equation modelling was used to analyse data related to the direct effects and multi group structural equation modelling was used to assess the moderating effects. The results revealed that there is a statistically significant relationship between the three selected elements of responsive supply chain management and supply chain resilience, and all the hypothesised relationships were moderated by type of farming contracts, with the relationships being stronger under marketing contracts for supply chain velocity, and under production contracts than under marketing contracts for relationships involving versatility and visibility. Therefore, the study recommended that production contracts be used in the fast-food restaurant industry in order to reduce supply chain vulnerabilities, and marketing contracts to build supply chain capabilities. This is the first study that has sought to assess the differential utility of different farming contracts through assessing their moderating effects as a build-up on previous research that has already established that supplier development in the form of contract farming leads to supplier development.