Indolylimidazole compounds that contain both indole and imidazole rings have shown various biological and pharmacological activities. These indolylimidazole compounds have been synthesized and extracted from the plants. In this paper, we have reviewed biological activities of natural and synthesized indolylimidazoles and their various synthetic methods. In recent time, the substituted indolylimidazole derivatives have synthesized and reported in the presence of different kind of the catalysts such as strong protic acid HNO₃@nano SiO₂, Zn²⁺@KSF and acetic acid and Amberlyst A-15. This review paper is divided into two categories bases on bioactivities of natural and synthesized indolylimidazole derivatives.

A green and efficient method for the synthesis of (4 or 5)-aryl-2-aryloyl-(1H)-imidazoles via self-condensation reaction of arylglyoxal hydrates in the presence of ammonium acetate using water as solvent under ultrasonic irradiation was reported. The reactions proceeded in high yields and very short reaction time. Introduced procedure is completely ecofriendly and don’t need any toxic organic solvent in all performing steps. In addition, we use computational chemistry for acquiring some information about the thermochemistry and geometrical structure of these imidazole derivatives.