By adopting the theory of planned behaviour, our study develops research model to analyse the effect of structural support on the entrepreneurial cognitive process among university students in Vietnam. Authors employ a meta-analytic path analysis with a sample of 2218 students at 14 universities in Vietnam in order to show that although structural support has positive effect on attitude towards entrepreneurship and perceived behavioural control, it also has negative influence on subjective norms and entrepreneurial intention. Interestingly, different with some previous studies, authors investigate the significant and direct relationship between subjective norms and entrepreneurial in-tention in the economic transitional context of Vietnam. Moreover, analogously to many researches adapting the planed behavioural control, attitude toward entrepreneurship is still seen as the strongest influencing factor on entrepreneurial intention, followed by perceived behavioural control and subjective norms.

This study develops a mediated model to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention among Vietnamese students. This model also focuses on examining the role of subjective norms on shaping entrepreneurial intention. By using a meta-analytic path analysis with a sample of 2218 students at 14 universities in Vietnam and based on the theory of planned behaviour, authors find that subjective norms did not directly influence on entrepreneurial intention but it had strong indirect effect on entrepreneurial intention through entrepreneurial self-efficacy, attitude toward entrepreneurship and perceived behavioural control. Moreover, the relationship between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention was also mediated by attitude towards entrepreneurship and perceived behavioural control. In terms of direct effect, the result illustrates that attitudes towards entrepreneurship had the strongest effect on entrepreneurial intention among Vietnamese students, followed by entrepreneurial self-efficacy. These findings also show that the theory of planned behaviour could be effectively applied in the context of transitional economics in Vietnam.

For decades, entrepreneurship has become a major concern to both scholars and policymakers because of its significant role in economic and social transformation. This paper modeled the direct effects of entrepreneurial skill, environmental factors and entrepreneurial orientation on entrepreneurial intention as well as the indirect (moderating) effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the relationship of entrepreneurial skill and environmental factors with entrepreneurial intention. Quantitative research design was employed using students’ sample. It was found that entrepreneurial skill, environmental factors and entrepreneurial orientation have positive influence on entrepreneurial intention. It was also discovered that entrepreneurial orientation moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial skill and entrepreneurial intention. However, the moderation effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the relationship between environmental factors and entrepreneurial intention was not established in this study, thus, called for exploring this moderating effect in other contexts. As implication to policy, government should ensure not only enriching students with entrepreneurial skill and conducive entrepreneurial environment but also well-built entrepreneurial orientation among Nigeria teeming youths as it has a direct effect as well as strong interaction with other factors in explaining entrepreneurial intention.